Myxosporidia and macrophage centres in chub (Leuciscus cephalus)–quantitative interactions focus on Myxobolus cyprini

Parasitology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. HOLZER ◽  
O. SCHACHNER
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Early Date ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Macrophage Aggregates ◽  
Leuciscus Cephalus ◽  
Macrophage Aggregation

Six myxosporidian species were found in chub (Leuciscus cephalus) originating from Lower Austrian rivers. The frequency of the parasites and their localization was recorded. In all chub, independent of size and origin, Myxobolus cyprini occurred predominantly in the macrophage centres (MCs) of the haematopoietic organs, spleen and kidney. Exclusively in the head kidney of young fish not yet described vermicular plasmodia containing spores of M. cyprini were found. In muscle tissue the prevalence of M. cyprini was comparatively low. Other species of Myxobolus characterized by plasmodial cysts frequently occurred in gills and swimbladder but were rarely detected, and only in small numbers, in the haematopoietic organs. The number of M. cyprini spores and the relative volume of MCs in the haematopoietic organs were estimated in order to examine possible correlations. Significant interrelated changes were found only in juvenile fish up to a size of 15cm. In bigger fish, the number and size of macrophage aggregates were highly variable and independent of infection intensity and fish size, but the number of spores never exceeded that of the aggregated macrophages. The data suggest that due to an early date of infection M. cyprini is the only species which is closely associated with macrophage aggregation.

scholarly journals Juvenile fish assemblages in the Jinju Bay region, Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Hun Myoung ◽  
Seok Nam Kwak ◽  
Jin-Koo Kim ◽  
Won-Chan Lee ◽  
Jeong Bae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Southern Korea ◽  
Pleuronichthys Cornutus ◽  
Pennahia Argentata ◽  
Hemitripterus Villosus ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractAssemblages of juvenile fish and associated abiotic parameters were investigated inside and outside Jinju Bay in southern Korea, on a monthly basis from December 2014 to November 2015. Fluctuations in water temperature and salinity were larger inside than outside the bay. In total, 534,657 individuals per square kilometre from 81 fish species and 47 families were collected during the study period. The most dominant species was Nuchequula nuchalis both inside (25.6%) and outside (26.9%) the bay. The next dominant species were Thryssa kammalensis (17.9%) and Zoarces gillii (16.0%) inside the bay and Liparis tanakae (16.9%) and T. kammalensis (9.0%) outside the bay. Forty species (33% of total number of individuals) of young fish were recorded inside the bay and 47 species (52%) outside the bay. Therefore, it appears that a diversity of fish use nursery grounds inside and outside Jinju Bay. In particular, the following six species appeared: Z. gillii, Pleuronichthys cornutus, L. tanakae, Hemitripterus villosus, Pennahia argentata, and Xenocephalus elongates. Due to assemblage differences for fishes within Jinju Bay and outside the bay, management of both areas is required to maintain current diversity of species in the region.

Prey Detection in Cyprinids during Early Development

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Wanzenböck ◽  
Fritz Schiemer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Prey Detection ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Prey Location ◽  
Bleak Alburnus Alburnus ◽  
Zooplankton Prey

Larval and juvenile fish of roach (Rutilus rutilus L), bleak (Alburnus alburnus L), and blue bream (Abramis ballerus L.) were investigated weekly to define the ontogenetic development of prey detection capacities. Visual acuity was determined by measuring reactive distances for zooplankton prey for fish from 8 to 50 mm standard length using video recordings. Data of reactive distances, swimming speeds, and the characteristics of the visual field were combined to calculate prey location volumes. Prey location capacity increased exponentially with fish size which implies enormous differences in prey encounter rates among size classes of cyprinids. Distinct differences of prey location capacities occurred between species in the juvenile, planktivorous stages of the three cyprinids coinciding with the trophic differentiation of the adults.

scholarly journals Associations among Fish Length, Dam Passage History, and Survival to Adulthood in Two At-Risk Species of Pacific Salmon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Faulkner ◽  
Blane L. Bellerud ◽  
Daniel L. Widener ◽  
Richard W. Zabel
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Hydroelectric Dams ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Seaward Migration ◽  
Pass Through

AbstractThreatened or endangered salmon and steelhead originating in the Snake River basin must pass through a series of eight major hydroelectric dams during their seaward migration. Understanding the effects of specific dam passage routes on lifetime survival for these stocks is essential for successful management. Juvenile fish may pass these dams via three primary routes: 1) spillways; 2) turbines; or 3) juvenile bypass systems, which divert fish away from turbines and route them downstream. Bypass systems may expose fish to trauma, increased stress, or disease. However, numerous studies have indicated that direct survival through bypass systems is comparable to and often higher than that through spillways. Some researchers have suggested that route of dam passage affects mortality in the estuary or ocean, but this is complicated by studies finding fish size affects route of passage. We tested whether passage through bypass systems was associated with probability of adult return after accounting for fish length and other covariates for two species of concern. We also investigated the association between fish length and probability of bypass at dams, and how this relationship could lead to spurious conclusions regarding effects of bypass systems on survival if length was ignored. We found that: 1) larger fish had lower bypass probabilities at 6 of 7 dams; 2) larger fish had higher probability of surviving to adulthood; 3) bypass history had little association with adult return after accounting for length; and 4) simulations indicated spurious effects of bypass on survival may arise when no true bypass effect exists, especially in models without length. Our results suggest that after fish leave the hydropower system, bypass passage history has little effect on mortality. Our findings underscore the importance of accounting for fish size in studies of dam passage or survival.

scholarly journals Optimization of Diet for Post Larvel/Juvenile Sea Bass and Hybrid Stripped Bass Based on Enzymatic Profiles of their Digestive Tracts

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheenan Harpaz ◽  
Steven G. Hughes ◽  
Pinhas Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Feed Protein

The overall goal of this research work was to identify the main proteolytic activities which take place in the digestive tracts of young bass fish, and use the knowledge acquired in order to improve feed protein utilization in juvenile fish based on their digestive capacity. The results of the work clearly showed that the young fish possess the entire profile of proteolytic enzymes which is found in adult fish. Yet, in the young fish the level of activity is substantially lower per gram tissue (or gram protein) as compared with the activity found in the digestive tracts of the same fish at an older (larger) age. In addition it was found that the main proteolytic enzyme in these fish is chymotrypsin which accounts for almost 80% of the proteolytic activity. An effort aimed at enhancing this activity has lead to the interesting finding that alcohol substantially enhances the proteolytic activity of fish intestines. Fish intestinal homogenates were used in order to evaluate the suitability of various feeds for the fish. Potential feed proteins were subjected to the proteolytic activity of the fish enzymes in vitro, in a manner simulating the natural process. The proteolytic activity was monitored by the valuation of the products, i.e. amino acid released. This method has proven to be a powerful tool which enables us to predict with a very high degree of accuracy the potential of a feed to promote growth. Selection of feed based on the proteolytic capacity of the fish degestive tracts can now be implemented in feed formulation, as anticipated in the original research proposal.

Size-specific fish avoidance of the spined crustacean Bythotrephes: field support for laboratory predictions

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rae Barnhisel ◽  
Heather A. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Threshold Size ◽  
Bythotrephes Cederstroemi ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation Analysis ◽  
Fish Avoidance

Stomach contents of juvenile fish and zooplankton samples taken simultaneously with fish were analyzed to determine whether young fish in Lake Superior utilize Bythotrephes (cederstroemi form), a spined crustacean present in the Great Lakes since the 1980s. Bythotrephes made up approximately 11% of the zooplankton samples on our sampling date; however, it comprised approximately 0.3% of the fish diet (N = 358 fish, 2.8–23.9 cm in total length). No fish < 7.0 cm in length (N = 208) contained Bythotrephes. According to the Manly–Chesson selectivity index, fish negatively selected or avoided the spined zooplankter. A Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that although the number of Bythotrephes in the gut significantly increased with fish length, preference did not. These field results support predictions derived from laboratory experiments that (1) Bythotrephes is not a preferred prey item for young fish, (2) there is a threshold size of fish that can utilize Bythotrephes as a food source, and (3) as fish increase in size, they are more likely to consume Bythotrephes.

Survival of Young Fish in the Discharge Canal of a Nuclear Power Plant

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1057-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton C. Marcy Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Water System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Discharge Canal ◽  
Sampling Points

No young fish of nine species entrained in the condenser cooling-water system of a nuclear power plant survived passage to the lower end of the plant's 1.83-km (1.14-mile) discharge canal when water temperatures were above 30 C. Temperatures in the canal remained above 30 C during 95% of the period during which the fish larvae and juveniles were collected near the plant's intake. A field observation device was developed to keep alive for counting those larvae and juvenile fish that survived passage to sampling points in the system.

scholarly journals Cell composition of the head kidney of European chub (Squalius cephalus L. )

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kondera
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
Lymphoid Lineage ◽  
European Chub ◽  
Squalius Cephalus

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to perform quantitative and qualitative evaluations of developing blood cells in the head kidney of European chub, Squalius cephalus (L.). Twenty-one types of hematopoietic precursors and mature cells were identified in head kidneys isolated from ten juvenile fish. The lymphoid lineage was the most abundant, followed by granuloid, erythroid, thrombocytoid, blast, and monocytoid cells. The lymphocyte was the most frequently occurring cell in the kidney and the most numerous of the lymphoid cells. The neutrophilic lineage was the most numerous among the granuloid cells. The erythropoietic series comprised five stages (erythroblasts: basophilic, polychromatic, orthochromatic; young and mature erythrocytes), more than the numbers of developmental stages of any other lineages. Juvenile cells were more abundant than mature stages in the head kidney. Only mature eosinophils and thrombocytes were found in chub hematopoietic tissue. The cellular composition in chub hematopoietic tissue was similar to that in other fish species.

Difference in the Seawater Tolerance of Anadromous and Landlocked Populations of Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magne Staurnes ◽  
Trygve Sigholt ◽  
Grete Lysfjord ◽  
Odd A. Gulseth
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Light Regime ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Seawater Tolerance ◽  
Challenge Tests ◽  
Seawater Challenge

The seawater tolerance of juvenile fish from an anadromous and a landlocked population of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), reared in freshwater under a constant light regime, was compared by making repeated seawater challenge tests from one summer to the next. Fish from the landlocked population had higher mortality rates and higher blood plasma Na+ concentrations after transfer to seawater than those from the anadromous population. The gill Na-K-ATPase activity of the landlocked fish was lower than that of the anadromous fish. For both populations, the smallest fish showed the lowest seawater tolerance, but hypoosmoregulatory ability was independent of fish size for fish larger than about 60 g. By June of the second summer, fish from the anadromous, but not those from the landlocked population, developed seawater tolerance 10 d after transfer to seawater. This increase in hypoosmoregulatory ability was accompanied by a doubling of the gill Na-K-ATPase activity.

scholarly journals PENILAIAN STATUS DOMAIN SUMBER DAYA IKAN LEMURU DENGAN PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM YANG DIDARATKAN DI PPI KEDONGANAN, BALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Ketut Tika Suariningsih ◽  
I Wayan Restu ◽  
Made Ayu Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Composition Range ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Fish Resources ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
The Status ◽  
Target Fish ◽  
Status Assessment

PPI Kedonganan is a fish landing base located in Kedonganan Village, Kuta District, Badung Regency. One of the fish commodities that landed at PPI Kedonganan is Lemuru Fish (Sardinella lemuru). The high rate of catching Lemuru must be balanced with proper management so that Lemuru Fish Resources remain sustainable. This study was conducted to determine the status of the utilization of Lemuru fish resources. The study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2021. Data collection was carried out by observation and interviews. Data analysis of each indicator was carried out using a multi-criteria analysis approach with composite index assessment and visualization by flag model. Indicators were observed the trends of fish size, the proportion of juvenile fish were caught, the species composition, range collapse of fish resources, Endangered, Threatened, and Protected species. The status assessment of the Lemuru resource domain which landed at PPI Kedonganan is in the good category with a composite value of 66.7. Results of the trend indicators of fish size is relatively fixed, the proportion of fish juvenile caught about 90%, the composition of species caught was 100% of the target fish i.e, lemuru that caught by using gill net, range collapse of fish resources as much as 57% of fishermen expressed relatively fixed in looking for fishing grounds, and ETP species not found. Keywords: EAFM; Lemuru Fish; Fisheries Management; PPI Kedonganan.

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