The distribution ofFasciola hepaticaandFasciola giganticawithin southern Tanzania – constraints associated with the intermediate host

Parasitology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. WALKER ◽  
A. E. MAKUNDI ◽  
F. V. NAMUBA ◽  
A. A. KASSUKU ◽  
J. KEYYU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Lymnaea Truncatula

SUMMARYIn East Africa,Fasciola giganticais generally the causative agent of fasciolosis but there have been reports ofF. hepaticain cattle from highland regions of Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda and Zaire. The topography of the Southern Highlands of Tanzania provides an environment where the climatic conditions exist for the sustenance of lymnaeid species capable of supporting bothFasciola hepaticaandF. gigantica. Theoretically this would allow interaction between fasciolid species and the possible creation of hybrids. In this report we present molecular data confirming the existence of the snail,Lymnaea truncatula, at high altitude on the Kitulo Plateau of the Southern Highlands, Tanzania, along with morphometric and molecular data confirming the presence ofF. hepaticain the corresponding area. At lower altitudes, where climatic conditions were unfavourable for the existence ofL. truncatula, the presence of its sister speciesL. natalensiswas confirmed by molecular data along with its preferred fasciolid parasite,F. gigantica. Analysis based on a 618 bp sequence of the 28S rRNA gene did not reveal the presence of hybrid fasciolids in our fluke samples.

Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Montes ◽  
J. Barneche ◽  
Y. Croci ◽  
D. Balcazar ◽  
A. Almirón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parasitological Survey ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

Six new species of Heteropriapulus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from South American fishes with an amended diagnosis to the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4290 (3) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALINE ANGELINA ACOSTA ◽  
LIDIANE FRANCESCHINI ◽  
ALINE CRISTINA ZAGO ◽  
TOMÁŠ SCHOLZ ◽  
REINALDO JOSÉ DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Accessory Piece ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
South American ◽  
Unique Shape

Heteropriapulus Kritsky, 2007 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), which originally included only two species from the gills of loricariid catfishes, is reviewed and six newly described species from loricariids in the Paraná River basin in Brazil are added. Diagnosis of the genus is amended and a key to the species identification is provided. Heteropriapulus anchoradiatus n. sp. from Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii (Holmberg) (Hypostominae) differs from its congeners by having a long sclerotized vagina, ventral anchors with short shaft and conspicuous superficial root, and a conspicuous and robust postero-medial process on the dorsal bar; H. bitomus n. sp. from the same fish host differs by the presence of two pairs of sclerotized patches associated with the ventral anchors; H. falxus n. sp. from Hypostomus strigaticeps (Regan) (Hypostominae) and Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering) (Hypostominae) is unique by the shape of the accessory piece composed of two strongly sclerotized subunits; H. microcleithrus n. sp. from P. ambrosettii differs by presenting the smallest length of the dorsal bar and unique shape of the longer subunit of the accessory piece resembling the ‘hammer and sickle’ shape; H. pterygoplichthyi n. sp. from the same host presents unique shape of the longer subunit of the accessory piece of the cirrus, which is represented by ‘two sickles’ jointed by the base; and H. semitortus n. sp. from Rhinelepis aspera Spix & Agassiz (Rhinelepinae) can be distinguished by the accessory piece composed of a single straight unit and a cirrus tube with the highest number of spiral rings at the proximal end (2½). First molecular data for this genus (partial sequences of the 28S rRNA gene) are provided including the type species H. heterotylus (Jogunoori, Kritsky & Venkatanarasaiah, 2004).  

scholarly journals STUDY OF MOLLUSCS’ INFESTATION WITH FASCIOLA HEPATICA IN BRYANSK REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 481-486
Author(s):  
Postevoy ◽  
Andreyanov ◽  
Puzanova
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Pond Snail ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Lymnaea Truncatula

The intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica is Lymnaea truncatula mollusk. However, participation of other species of mollusks (L. stagnalis, Galba palustris, etc.) in the development cycle of F. hepatica is not excluded. In this connection, we have studied the distribution of mollusks of these species in the territory of the Bryansk region. The aim of the work was to carry out a study on the invasion of fasciol larvae of mollusks on pastures of trematodiasis-unfriendly farms of the Bryansk region. On farms, the density of mollusks and their species, as well as the dynamics of the infection of mollusks by the partenite stages of F. hepatica, were determined. The work was carried out from May to October 2018 on 3 pastures with an area of 2 to 5 hectares. The study was subjected to mollusks: small pond snail L. truncatula in the amount of from 149 to 151 specimens, ordinary pond snail – L. stagnalis from 10 to 18 specimens, marsh pond snail – L. palustris from 30 to 85 specimens, iushkoviy pond snail – L. auricularia from 4 to 21 specimens. Mollusks were examined every month during the pasture period (May-October) for infection with fasciol larvae by the compressor method. It was revealed that only small pond snail L. truncatula was infested by the larval stages of development of fasciol. The rest of the limneids were free from this trematodase invasion. The small pond snail was infected more intensely in September. The fasciol larvae of the small pond snail were recorded in May, June, August and September; the infection rate was 1.3%, 2.6%, 6.6% and 8%, respectively.

scholarly journals Species boundaries among extremely diverse and sexually dimorphic Arrenurus water mites (Acariformes: Hydrachnidiae: Arrenuridae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Wiecek ◽  
Lukasz Broda ◽  
Heather Proctor ◽  
Miroslawa Dabert ◽  
Bruce P. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Water Mites ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Reproductive Morphology ◽  
Molecular Approaches

Arrenurus (Arrenuridae) is the most species-rich genus of mites with about 950 named species that inhabit standing, and to a lesser extent, running water habitats around the world. To date, distinguishing species of Arrenurus has been based on male reproductive morphology. Here, we use morphological and molecular approaches to examine species boundaries among 42 named species of Arrenurus, including four named species that have colour variants (red and green A. americanus, and red and blue A. intermedius, A. manubriator and A. apetiolatus), and two unnamed morphospecies. In this study, we examine male genital structures with the use of SEM techniques, and apply mitochondrial (COI barcode region) and nuclear (28S rRNA) gene fragments to test whether male morphology reflects species boundaries in Arrenurus assessed by molecular analyses. Our results reveal that male reproductive morphology parallels species boundaries as judged by molecular data. We discuss the cases of genetically poorly diversified, yet morphologically clearly defined named species. Moreover, we show that based on the species we examined, colour morphs within otherwise morphologically similar specimens represent within-species variation and, in the absence of other diagnostic traits, colour itself can be misleading in distinguishing species. Our outcomes on molecular taxonomy of Arrenurus provide a background for testing hypotheses about speciation rate in water mites.

Conflict and congruence between morphological and molecular data: revision of the Merodon constans group (Diptera : Syrphidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ante Vujić ◽  
Snežana Radenković ◽  
Laura Likov ◽  
Andrijana Andrić ◽  
Marina Janković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Revision

We revise the Merodon constans species group of the genus Merodon Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Syrphidae), provide morphological diagnosesand descriptions, as well as an illustrated key and a discussion on the different taxonomic characters used. In total, 15 species were studied, their geographic distributions are presented on maps, and nine new species are described. Two species are redefined and neotypes are designated, lectotypes are designated for five species, and onespeciesis reinstated as valid. Following a detailed study of type material in different entomological collections, the status of several species is revised and three new synonymies are proposed. The M. constans species group was resolved as being monophyletic within the M. albifrons lineage based on molecular analyses using COI and 28S rRNA gene sequences. Three species morphologically similar to M. constans (Rossi, 1794) but occurring outside its distributional rangewere supported as being valid and distinct species on the basis of molecular data, but they were not distinguishable based on morphological characters. By contrast, continental populations of M. analis Meigen, 1822 could not be separated from Mediterranean M. constans based on differences in COI or 28S rRNA genes. The same molecular markers could not discriminate between two other species pairs. We conclude that these molecular markers only partially resolve species within the M. constans group. Geometric morphometry of wing shape successfully separated M. analis and M. constans, as well as M. spineus Vujić, Šašić Zorić & Likov, sp. nov. in both species and population analyses.

scholarly journals On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven V. Fend ◽  
Pilar Rodriguez ◽  
Ainara Achurra ◽  
Christer Erséus
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
The Family ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Three New Species

Two formerly monotypic lumbriculid genera, Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 and Kincaidiana Altman, 1936, are reviewed using morphological and molecular data, following the discovery of new northwestern, Nearctic species. Several populations of Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936 were examined, and both morphology and DNA data suggest a single, variable species in Pacific drainages extending from northern California through Washington, USA. Specimens of Kincaidiana from the Smith River drainage with a single, median atrium and differing genetically from K. hexatheca are assigned to K. smithi sp. nov. The chaetal morphology of North American Guestphalinus populations is variable, and two basic morphotypes are assigned to G. elephantinus sp. nov. and G. exilis sp. nov. This decision is supported by molecular data. The tree topology, based on the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI), and the nuclear 28S rRNA gene sequences, confirmed the close phylogenetic relationships among the Nearctic Guestphalinus, Kincaidiana and Uktena Fend, Rodriguez & Lenat, 2015. Probable synapomorphies associating these genera include a filiform, ringed proboscis, a forward shift of reproductive organs relative to the usual position in the family, and spermathecae in the atrial segment.

Morphometric and molecular analyses of two digenean species from the mullet: Skrjabinolecithum spinosum n. sp. from the Russian southern Far East and Unisaccus tonkini n. sp. from Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Besprozvannykh ◽  
D.M. Atopkin ◽  
H.D. Ngo ◽  
N.V. Ha ◽  
N.V. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Oral Sucker ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Far East ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
East Russia ◽  
Southern Far East

AbstractAdults of Skrjabinolecithum spinosum n. sp. were discovered in Mugil cephalus from the Gulf of Peter the Great in southern Far-East Russia. Additionally, adults of Unisaccus tonkini n. sp. were found in the intestine of Moolgarda cunnesius and Moolgarda seheli from the coastal waters of Cat Ba Island, Tonkin Bay, northern Vietnam. Skrjabinolecithum spinosum n. sp. possesses a larger body, and ventral and oral sucker size in comparison with Skrjabinolecithum vitellosum, a smaller pharynx size and body length/width rate ratio in comparison to Skrjabinolecithum pyriforme, a smaller body length and prepharynx size in comparison to Skrjabinolecithum lobolecitum and a smaller pharynx length and egg size in comparison to Skrjabinolecithum indicum and S. lobolecitum. The new species also differs from S. indicum, S. lobolecitum and S. vitellosum by the form of the testis, and from the last two species by the presence of a two-branched intestine. The morphometric parameters of S. spinosum n. sp. are similar to those of Skrjabinolecithum spasskii. However, S. spinosum n. sp., unlike S. spasskii, has an armed hermaphroditic duct. Unisaccus tonkini n. sp. is similar to Unisaccus spinosus (Martin, 1973), Unisaccus brisbanensis (Martin, 1973) and Unisaccus overstreeti (Ahmad, 1987) in body size but differs in oral sucker, pharynx and hermaphroditic sac size from U. spinosus, and in ventral sucker and ovary size from U. brisbanensis and U. overstreeti. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, based on combined data of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and partial 28S rRNA gene sequences, confirmed the validity of S. spinosum n. sp. and U. tonkini n. sp. Analysis of interrelationships of the family Haploporidae, including molecular data on new species, showed that the Waretrematinae subfamily is more heterogeneous in comparison with Haploporinae and Forticulcitinae, and includes U. tonkini n. sp.

Prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in the intermediate host Lymnaea truncatula detected by real time TaqMan PCR in populations from 70 Swiss farms with cattle husbandry

2007 ◽  
Vol 150 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schweizer ◽  
M.L. Meli ◽  
P.R. Torgerson ◽  
H. Lutz ◽  
P. Deplazes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Lymnaea Truncatula ◽  
Taqman Pcr ◽  
Cattle Husbandry

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of three species belongs to the Allocreadioidea, Hemiuroidea and Plagiorchioidea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda) infecting freshwater fishes in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chaudhary ◽  
S. Mukut ◽  
H. S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Channa Punctata ◽  
Digenetic Trematodes ◽  
First Time

Summary Three species of digenetic trematodes are redescribed based on specimens collected from the intestine of freshwater fishes of Hastinapur and Meerut (U.P.), India: Allocreadium handiai (Pande, 1937) Madhavi, 1980 (Allocreadioidea: Allocreadiidae) from Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822) (Siluri-formes: Bagridae), Genarchopsis goppo Ozaki, 1925 (Hemiuroidea: Derogenidae) and Phyllodistomum chauhani Motwani & Srivastava, 1961 (Plagiorchioidea: Gorgoderidae) from Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793) (Perciformes: Channidae). The three species were subjected to morphological, morphometric and molecular analyses. The morphological study revealed that A. handiai, G. goppo and P. chauhani can be distinguished by their congeners on the basis of their morphology. Partial nucleotide sequences of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene were obtained from the three trematode species and deposited in the GenBank. A phylogenetic reconstruction based on the 28S rRNA gene placed the three studied species within their respective families and their validity is discussed. For the first time molecular data of newly collected material of these species from India were used for confirmation of their validity and to assess their phylogenetic relationships.

Microsatellites in the hermaphroditic snail,Lymnaea truncatula, intermediate host of the liver fluke,Fasciola hepatica

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1662-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Trouvé ◽  
L. Degen ◽  
C. Meunier ◽  
C. Tirard ◽  
S. Hurtrez-Boussès ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Lymnaea Truncatula
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