Plato's Counsel on Education

Philosophy ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMÉLIE OKSENBERG RORTY
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Platonic Dialogue

Plato's dialogues can be read as a carefully staged exhibition and investigation of paideia, education in the broadest sense, including all that affects the formation of character and mind. The twentieth century textbook Plato — the Plato of the Myth of the Cave and the Divided Line, the ascent to the Good through Forms and Ideas — is but one of his elusive multiple authorial personae, each taking a different perspective on his investigations. As its focused problems differ, each Platonic dialogue exhibits a somewhat different model for learning; each adds a distinctive dimension to Plato's fully considered counsel for education. Setting aside the important difficult questions about the chronological sequence in which the dialogues were written and revised, we can trace the argumentative rationale of Plato's fully considered views on paideia, on who should be educated by whom for what, on the stages and presuppositions of different kinds of learning. Those views are inextricably connected with his views about the structure of the soul, about the virtues and the politeia that can sustain a good life; and about cosmology and metaphysics.

Striving

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-70
Author(s):  
D. G. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Jonathan Edwards ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Moral Perfection ◽  
Print Shop

Chapter 3 traces Benjamin Franklin’s early development—purchasing equipment to open his own print shop and editing a Philadelphia newspaper. His work provided him with an outlet for advice about living a moral life. Sometimes he wrote under pseudonyms, such as Silence Dogood, and reprinted material that reinforced his own efforts to live a good life, creating a Plan for Attaining Moral Perfection. The chapter discusses Jonathan Edwards, whose views were substantially in agreement with Franklin’s, though much of Franklin’s moralism attracted criticism from twentieth-century writers such as D. H. Lawrence. Franklin’s thoughts about virtue emerged from similar concerns that Puritans had for the Christian life as one of sanctity.

POLITICAL MORALITY AS CONVENTION

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Barry
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Logical Positivism ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
Political Morality ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Linguistic Philosophy

A remarkable feature of contemporary political discourse is the dominance of morality. One legacy of logical positivism (which was dominant from the mid-1930s until the end of the 1960s) and analytical (or linguistic) philosophy was the reluctance of political theorists during the twentieth century to engage in substantive argument about appropriate social ends or individual rights and values. Philosophers were content to describe the linguistic framework within which related political proposals were discussed without offering any proposals themselves. It was felt that the philosopher was not especially qualified to give political advice or make any recommendations. The technical political theorist was properly confined to the second level of inquiry, that is, explanation of the meaning of concepts, not the first level, which was concerned with questions of how we ought to live, or issues of public policy. Economists and sociologists might have the technical skills appropriate for inquiries into public policy, but as to the big questions—such as the ends and purposes of man and society—almost anybody could make pronouncements. The important point was that reason was incapable of adjudicating between rival versions of the good life.

Culture Chronology and Change

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
R. Lee Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
First Century ◽  
American People ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Native North American ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Twenty First Century

Archaeology emerged as part of the general discipline of anthropology in North America, the overall focus of which for the first five or six decades of the twentieth century was to write the history of the culture of each group of native North American people. The goal of writing a culture’s history could only be accomplished by placing artifacts in a chronological sequence, which demanded a chronometer. It was not always possible to refer to stratigraphic superposition, so various techniques of seriation—arranging artifacts based on their formal attributes in what was believed to be a chronological order—were invented and used. The results of the seriation techniques and stratigraphic superposition studies were initially summarized in tables of artifact frequencies but eventually were graphed in several ways. Interest in culture chronology and change among North American archaeologists has extended throughout the twentieth century and into the twenty-first century.

The Good Life in Twentieth Century US Advertising

1987 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Russel W Belk ◽  
Richard W Pollay
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Good Life ◽  
The Good Life

scholarly journals Stoning As Punishment of Zina: Is It Valid?

ICR Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-321
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hashim Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Absence ◽  
Chronological Sequence

Three issues are explored in this article with regard to death by stoning as a punishment for adultery. First is its total absence in the Quran; the Quran makes no reference to stoning, providing a punishment of one hundred lashes of the whip for all adulterers, without any further qualification. Stoning as a punishment originates in the Sunnah of the Prophet, who applied it in the case of married adulterers, thus seemingly reserving the Quranic punishment for the unmarried adulterer. This perspective has dominated legal practice ever since. The second issue arising is as to how the conflicting rulings in the Quran and Sunnah relate to one another. Is it a case of specification (takhsis) or of abrogation (naskh)? If the latter, is it in order for the Sunnah to abrogate the Quran? The third issue is over the chronological sequence of the two rulings. If it is accepted that the Quranic ruling was revealed in Madinah after the few cases in which the Prophet applied stoning, then the Quran would have effectively overruled/abrogated the Prophetic practice. It is also said that the Prophet applied stoning by reference to the Torah, which was then set aside by the Quran. A minority opinion has also held that the Prophet applied stoning by way of tazir. A number of prominent twentieth-century shariah scholars have advised against the enforcement of stoning altogether.

scholarly journals Discourse of Ornament in Twentieth-Century Architecture

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-87
Author(s):  
I.A. Sharapov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
The Subject

The article provides an overview of the ornament in the architecture of the twentieth century, indicating the points that form the direction of the axial trajectories of the development of the ornamental form in the context of architecture. The research is based on the method of analytical description of ornament positions extracted from the the practice and textual corpus of architect’s statements. Utterances synthesize the discursive range of ornament in the field of architecture. The body of the ornament covers the subject aspects of human life and is present in the spatial form of the architectural environment. Traditionally, the location of the ornamental form is associated with the art of decoration, so the standard ornament is considered as an additive, additional in relation to the singularity of the form. The same principle applies to architecture. This study actualizes the problem of redefining the ornamental form, marking point inversions of the additivity of ornamen tal decoration as a formative aspect involved in creating the results of architectural activity. The formative principle of the article is a chronological sequence of twenty positions outlining the discourse of ornament in the context of twentieth-century architecture.

scholarly journals Minima Moralia y Opusculum Paedagogum

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-162
Author(s):  
Javier Suárez Trejo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Wallace Stevens ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
The World ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
The Subject

Imagination and pedagogy. The works of Theodor Adorno deal persistently with the damaged lives of human beings following the catastrophes of the twentieth century. However, for the German philosopher, no less important than that damage is the reconfiguration of the good life. Likewise, one of the leitmotifs of the works of Wallace Stevens is how imagination can give a form to the parts of a world that seemed ruined, meaningless. This essay shows that both philosopher and poet share a pedagogical approach to criticism whose dynamics is aesthetic imagination. Recognizing what is not identical to the subject and, simultaneously, the impossibility of a naked understanding of the world, not mediated by our subjectivity, Adorno and Stevens yearned to reconcile subject and object. For them, imagination becomes the tool to conceive of an “aconceptual synthesis” (Ador-no) or an “abstract imagination” (Stevens) that gives sense to the world not through totalization but through an aesthetic reconstruction.

Images of Ourselves: The Good Life in Twentieth Century Advertising

1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell W. Belk ◽  
Richard W. Pollay
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Good Life ◽  
The Good Life

Some Polish Composers of To-Day

Tempo ◽  
1948 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Andrzej Panufnik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Progressive Group ◽  
Karol Szymanowski

It is ten years since KAROL SZYMANOWSKI died at fifty-four. He was the most prominent representative of the “radical progressive” group of early twentieth century composers, which we call “Young Poland.” In their manysided and pioneering efforts they prepared the fertile soil on which Poland's present day's music thrives.

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