Prevalence of cavum septum pellucidum detected by MRI in patients with bipolar disorder, major depression and schizophrenia

SynopsisThe incidence of cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), which has been widely regarded as a developmental anomaly of little clinical importance in neuropathology, was examined in 113 patients with affective disorders (69 with bipolar disorder and 44 with major depression), 40 schizophrenic patients, and 92 control subjects by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Significantly higher incidence of Grade 3–4 CSP (moderate to large) compared with the controls was found only in the schizophrenics. When a broader interpretation of CSP, including indeterminant (Grade 1) and small (Grade 2) CSP was used, three additional patients with bipolar disorder were found to have Grade 1–2 CSP, and the total prevalence of Grade 1–4 CSP in the patients with bipolar disorder was significantly higher than that in the control subjects but slightly lower than that in the schizophrenic patients. CSP was not observed in any patient with major depression. There were no differences between the patients with and without CSP in age, sex, education, or the duration of illness. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that neurodevelopmental abnormality may be present in schizophrenia, and such an abnormality may also be present in some patients with bipolar disorder.

Download Full-text

Cavum septum pellucidum in schizophrenia, affective disorder and healthy controls: a magnetic resonance imaging study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700028403 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 319-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

George J. Jurjus ◽

Henry A. Nasrallah ◽

Stephen C. Olson ◽

Steven B. Schwarzkopf

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Imaging Study ◽

Septum Pellucidum ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽

Clinical Difference ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Mri Study

SynopsisMany structural brain abnormalities have been described in schizophrenia, consistent with a neurodevelopmental model for this disease. We report here a study of the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) in schizophrenia compared to control groups, as well as the clinical correlates of this congenital anomaly in schizophrenia. We conducted a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study to compare rates of CSP in schizophrenia (N = 67) v. psychiatric controls (bipolar and schizoaffective, N = 60) and healthy controls (N = 37). Of the controls 18·9 %, and of all psychotic subjects 18·1 % had a CSP of any size and there was no difference in the frequency of large CSP among the groups. Males had higher rates of CSP than females (25% v. 9·7%, P = 0·01) in all groups. Schizophrenics had higher CSP rates than affective patients (25%, v. 10%, P = 0·02). No clinical difference was found between schizophrenics with or without CSP.

Download Full-text

Increased prevalence of the cavum septum pellucidum in MRI scans and postmortem brains of schizophrenic patients

Schizophrenia Research ◽

10.1016/0920-9964(92)90213-o ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 145 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Degreef ◽

B. Bogerts ◽

P. Falkai ◽

B. Greve ◽

G. Lantos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Septum Pellucidum ◽

Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽

Mri Scans ◽

Schizophrenic Patients ◽

Postmortem Brains

Download Full-text

Special Topics in Contact Sport Athletes and Others Who Have Had Multiple Concussions and Subconcussive Impacts

Concussion Care Manual ◽

10.1093/med/9780190054793.003.0036 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 191-192

Author(s):

David L. Brody

Keyword(s):

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽

Professional Sports ◽

Septum Pellucidum ◽

Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽

Present Treatment ◽

Behavioral Abnormalities ◽

Subconcussive Impacts ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Over Time

When to retire from contact sports? Help the patient, family, and peers think through the decision carefully. Educate them about the risk of serious and currently untreatable long-term problems, such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Discuss potential for a future professional sports career versus other career, interpersonal, and family aspirations. Does the patient have Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)? There is no way to tell for sure while the patient is alive. High-risk features may include progressive worsening over time, prominent mood and behavioral abnormalities, parkinsonism, and a cavum septum pellucidum on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. At present, treatment is entirely based on relieving symptoms and keeping the patient safe.

Download Full-text

Alterations of perineuronal nets in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of neuropsychiatric patients

International Journal of Bipolar Disorders ◽

10.1186/s40345-019-0161-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Julia Alcaide ◽

Ramón Guirado ◽

Carlos Crespo ◽

José Miguel Blasco-Ibáñez ◽

Emilio Varea ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Major Depression ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Perineuronal Nets ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

Schizophrenic Patients

Abstract Background Alterations in the structure and physiology of interneurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are important factors in the etiopathology of different psychiatric disorders. Among the interneuronal subpopulations, parvalbumin (PV) expressing cells appear to be specially affected. Interestingly, during development and adulthood the connectivity of these interneurons is regulated by the presence of perineuronal nets (PNNs), specialized regions of the extracellular matrix, which are frequently surrounding PV expressing neurons. Previous reports have found anomalies in the density of PNNs in the PFC of schizophrenic patients. However, although some studies have described alterations in PNNs in some extracortical regions of bipolar disorder patients, there are no studies focusing on the prefrontocortical PNNs of bipolar or major depression patients. For this reason, we have analyzed the density of PNNs in post-mortem sections of the dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) from the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium, which includes controls, schizophrenia, bipolar and major depression patients. Results We have not observed differences in the distribution of PV+ cells or PNNs, or in the percentage of PV+ interneurons surrounded by PNNs. The density of PV+ interneurons was similar in all the experimental groups, but there was a significantly lower density of PNNs in the DLPFC of bipolar disorder patients and a tendency towards a decrease in schizophrenic patients. No differences were found when evaluating the density of PV+ cells surrounded by PNNs. Interestingly, when assessing the influence of demographic data, we found an inverse correlation between the density of PNNs and the presence of psychosis. Conclusions The present results point to prefrontocortical PNNs and their role in the regulation of neuronal plasticity as putative players in the etiopathology of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Our findings also suggest a link between these specialized regions of the extracellular matrix and the presence of psychosis.

Download Full-text

Increased prevalence of the cavum septum pellucidum in magnetic resonance scans and post-mortem brains of schizophrenic patients

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging ◽

10.1016/0925-4927(92)90009-s ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Gustav Degreef ◽

Bernhard Bogerts ◽

Peter Falkai ◽

Beno Greve ◽

George Lantos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Septum Pellucidum ◽

Post Mortem ◽

Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽

Schizophrenic Patients

Download Full-text

Cavum Septum Pellucidum Epidermoid- An Extremely rare occurrence

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.3126/njn.v15i1.20026 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 32-34

Author(s):

Dwarakanath Srinivas ◽

Raghavendra Chalikwar ◽

Anita Mahadevan ◽

Sampath Somanna

Keyword(s):

Emergency Services ◽

Septum Pellucidum ◽

Mass Lesion ◽

Cranial Computed Tomography ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽

Transcallosal Approach ◽

History Of ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Supratentorialintraventricularepidermoids are very rare and midline septal pellucidal epidermoids are even more uncommon with only one case being reported in available literature. A 42-year-old lady with no previous complaints was admitted to the emergency services with history of intermittent headache, vomiting and giddiness of 3 months duration. A cranial computed tomography (CT) revealed a hypodense, non-enhancing intraventricular mass lesion and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a non-enhancing mass lesion in the septum pellucidum suggestive of an epidermoid. She underwent endoscopic-assisted surgery via an interhemispheric transcallosal approach. Intra-operatively, the lesion was located in the enlarged cavum septum pellucidum and was removed totally. An extensive literature review unearthed only 10 cases of intraventricular epidermoids and one in the septum pellucidum. We present only the second case of a midline septum pellucidum epidermoid and reflect on the paucity of supratentorial intraventricular midline epidermoids.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 15:32-34, 2018

Download Full-text

Cavum septum pellucidum and adhesio interthalamica in schizophrenia: an MRI study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.09.010 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 291-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

José Alexandre de Souza Crippa ◽

Antonio Waldo Zuardi ◽

Geraldo F. Busatto ◽

Rafael Faria Sanches ◽

Antonio Carlos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Series ◽

Septum Pellucidum ◽

Group Differences ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Brain Abnormalities ◽

Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽

Neurodevelopmental Model ◽

Male Patients ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Mri Study

AbstractSeveral studies have independently suggested that patients with schizophrenia are more likely to have an enlarged cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) and an absent adhesio interthalamica (AI), respectively. However, neither finding has been consistently replicated and it is unclear whether there is an association between these two midline brain abnormalities. Thus, we compared the prevalence of absent AI and the prevalence, size and volume of CSP in 38 patients with schizophrenia and 38 healthy controls using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). There were no between group differences in the presence or volume of CSP; however, an enlarged CSP was commoner among patients than controls. There was also a positive correlation between CSP ratings and volumes. No differences in the presence or absence of the AI were found between patients and controls; however, an absent AI was commoner in male patients with schizophrenia than females. There was absolutely no overlap between the presence of a large CSP and an absence of AI. In conclusion, our findings are in line with several case series and other MRI investigations that have shown a higher incidence of putatively developmental brain abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia, particularly in males, and support the neurodevelopmental model of this disorder.

Download Full-text

Common and Distinct Patterns of Intrinsic Brain Activity Alterations in Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder: Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3506198 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

JiaYing Gong ◽

Junjing Wang ◽

Shaojuan Qiu ◽

Pan Chen ◽

Zhenye Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Major Depression ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intrinsic Brain Activity

Download Full-text

New normal range of fetal cavum septum pellucidum in the second trimester of gestation

10.21516/2413-1458-2020-19-1-21-24 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M.V. Medvedev, O.I. Kozlova, À.Yu. Romanova

Keyword(s):

Brain Development ◽

Reference Range ◽

Fetal Brain ◽

Septum Pellucidum ◽

Second Trimester ◽

Normal Range ◽

Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽

New Normal ◽

Biparietal Diameter ◽

Fetal Brain Development

Fetal brain was retrospectively evaluated in 418 normal fetuses at 16–28 weeks of gestation. The multiplanar mode to obtain the axial cerebral plane and measured the width of the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) and biparietal diameter (BD). All measurements of CSP were done from as the widest diameter across both borders in an inter-to inter fashion. The CSP width is increasing at second trimester of gestation. Normal range plotted on the reference range (mean, 5th and 95th percentiles) of fetal width CSP by measuring of its size may be useful for assessment of fetal brain development in the second trimester of gestation.

Download Full-text