Parental mental illness and fatal birth defects in a national birth cohort

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1495-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Webb ◽  
A. R. Pickles ◽  
S. A. King-Hele ◽  
L. Appleby ◽  
P. B. Mortensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Parental Mental Illness ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Maternal Illness ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
History Of

BackgroundFew large studies describe links between maternal mental illness and risk of major birth defect in offspring. Evidence is sparser still for how effects vary between maternal diagnoses and no previous study has assessed risk with paternal illnesses.MethodA population-based birth cohort was created by linking Danish national registers. We identified all singleton live births during 1973–1998 (n=1.45 m), all parental psychiatric admissions from 1969 onwards, and all fatal birth defects until 1 January 1999. Linkage and case ascertainment were almost complete. Relative risks were estimated using Poisson regression.ResultsRisk of fatal birth defect was elevated in relation to history of any maternal admission and also with affective disorders specifically, although the strongest effect found was with maternal schizophrenia. The rate was more than doubled in this group compared to the general population [relative risk (RR) 2.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.45–3.77], which also represented a significant excess risk compared with all other admitted maternal disorders (p=0.018). Risk of death from causes other than birth defect was no higher with schizophrenia than with other maternal conditions. There was no elevation in risk of fatal birth defect if the father was admitted with schizophrenia or any other psychiatric diagnosis.ConclusionsThere are many possible explanations for a higher risk of fatal birth defect with maternal schizophrenia and affective disorder. These include genetic effects directly linked with maternal illness, lifestyle factors (diet, smoking, alcohol and drugs), poor antenatal care, psychotropic medication toxicity, and gene–environment interactions. Further research is needed to elucidate the causal mechanisms.

scholarly journals Determinants and Seasonality of Major Structural Birth Defects Among Newborns Delivered at Primary and Referral Hospital of East and West Gojjam Zones, North West Ethiopia 2017- 2018: Case- Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binalfew Tsehay ◽  
Desalegn Shitie ◽  
Akilog Lake ◽  
Erimiyas Abebaw ◽  
Amisalu Taye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
North West ◽  
Maternal Illness ◽  
West Gojjam ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maternal Medication

Abstract Objective: Although infant mortality because of birth defect has increased in both developed and developing countries, had not got attention like other health issues at national, regional, or local levels. Documenting the risk factors that influence the occurrence of birth defects and its seasonality will help to inform the community and to develop preventive strategies for the country. Results: Factors associated with higher likelihood of a major structural birth defects included maternal age; neonates born from women living in urban; and in Dega; history of fever during pregnancy; intake of herbal medicine; and drinking alcohol. Counselling for pregnancy preparation and folic acid supplementation was found protective for the likelihood of birth defect. Key words: Birth defect, maternal illness, maternal medication use, environmental exposure

scholarly journals Determinants and Seasonality of Major Structural Birth Defects Among Newborns Delivered at Primary and Referral Hospital of East and West Gojjam Zones, North West Ethiopia 2017- 2018: Case- Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binalfew Tsehay ◽  
Desalegn Shitie ◽  
Akilog Lake ◽  
Erimiyas Abebaw ◽  
Amisalu Taye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
North West ◽  
Maternal Illness ◽  
West Gojjam ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maternal Medication

Abstract Objective: Although infant mortality because of birth defect has increased in both developed and developing countries, had not got attention like other health issues at national, regional, or local levels. Documenting the risk factors that influence the occurrence of birth defects and its seasonality will help to inform the community and to develop preventive strategies for the country. Results: Factors associated with higher likelihood of a major structural birth defects included maternal age; neonates born from women living in urban; and in Dega; history of fever during pregnancy; intake of herbal medicine; and drinking alcohol. Counselling for pregnancy preparation and folic acid supplementation was found protective for the likelihood of birth defect. Key words: Birth defect, maternal illness, maternal medication use, environmental exposure

scholarly journals Determinants and Seasonality of Major Structural Birth Defects Among Newborns Delivered at Primary and Referral Hospital of East and West Gojjam Zones, North West Ethiopia 2017- 2018: Case- Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binalfew Tsehay ◽  
Desalegn Shitie ◽  
Akilog Lake ◽  
Erimiyas Abebaw ◽  
Amisalu Taye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
North West ◽  
Maternal Illness ◽  
West Gojjam ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maternal Medication

Abstract Objective: Although infant mortality because of birth defect has increased in both developed and developing countries, had not got attention like other health issues at national, regional, or local levels. Documenting the risk factors that influence the occurrence of birth defects and its seasonality will help to inform the community and to develop preventive strategies for the country. Results: Factors associated with higher likelihood of a major structural birth defects included maternal age; neonates born from women living in urban; and in Dega; history of fever during pregnancy; intake of herbal medicine; and drinking alcohol. Counselling for pregnancy preparation and folic acid supplementation was found protective for the likelihood of birth defect. Key words: Birth defect, maternal illness, maternal medication use, environmental exposure

Parental mental illness and fatal birth defects in a national birth cohort

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S283
Author(s):  
R.T. Webb ◽  
A.R. Pickles ◽  
S.A. King-Hele ◽  
L. Appleby ◽  
P.B. Mortensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Parental Mental Illness

scholarly journals Determinants and Seasonality of Major Structural Birth Defects Among Newborns Delivered at Primary and Referral Hospital of East and West Gojjam Zones, North West Ethiopia 2017- 2018: Case- Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binalfew Tsehay ◽  
Desalegn Shitie ◽  
Akilog Lake ◽  
Erimiyas Abebaw ◽  
Amisalu Taye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
North West ◽  
Maternal Illness ◽  
West Gojjam ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maternal Medication

Abstract Objective: Although infant mortality because of birth defect has increased in both developed and developing countries, had not got attention like other health issues at national, regional, or local levels. Documenting the risk factors that influence the occurrence of birth defects and its seasonality will help to inform the community and to develop preventive strategies for the country. Results: Factors associated with higher likelihood of a major structural birth defects included maternal age; neonates born from women living in urban; and in Dega; history of fever during pregnancy; intake of herbal medicine; and drinking alcohol. Counselling for pregnancy preparation and folic acid supplementation was found protective for the likelihood of birth defect. Key words: Birth defect, maternal illness, maternal medication use, environmental exposure

Pregnancy Experience after Delivery of a Child with a Major Birth Defect: A Population Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Margarett K. Davis ◽  
Muin J. Khoury ◽  
J. David Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
And Control

Objective. Data from a large population-based, case-control study were analyzed to determine whether women giving birth to children with major birth defects have different subsequent pregnancy patterns than those giving birth to live-born babies without defects. Other studies examining this phenomenon have been smaller, have not been population-based, or have not addressed the different effects that a wide range of major defects might have on mothers' subsequent pregnancy rates. Methods. Mothers of 4918 infants with major birth defects born from 1968 through 1980 in metropolitan Atlanta were compared with mothers of 3029 control infants, frequency-matched on birth year, birth hospital, and race. Results. The pregnancy rate in the first 3 years after the index birth was higher among case mothers (36%) than among control mothers (30%, P < .0001). This excess was seen for mothers of stillborn case infants (64%) and mothers of case infants who died in infancy (58%), but not for mothers of case infants who survived the first year of life (31%). Pregnancy rates varied by birth defect type. Maternal and infant factors varied among case and control subjects and influenced subsequent pregnancy rates. Conclusion. The reproductive behavior observed in this study supports the theory that mothers of nonsurviving children with birth defects compensate by acting to "replace" the lost child. Reproductive behavior was also strongly associated with having completed a previous pregnancy and by the type of birth defect.

scholarly journals Familial Aggregation of Psoriasis and Co-Aggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Huei Huang ◽  
Chang-Fu Kuo ◽  
Lu-Hsiang Huang ◽  
Mei-Yun Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Genetic Contribution ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Nationwide Study ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
History Of

Psoriasis is considered to result from the interaction of genetic factors and environmental exposure. The evidence for familial aggregation in psoriasis has been reported but population-based studies related to the magnitude of genetic contribution to psoriasis are rare. This study aimed to evaluate the relative risks of psoriasis in individuals with affected relatives and to calculate the proportion of genetic, shared, and non-shared environmental factors contributing to psoriasis. The study cohort included 69,828 patients diagnosed with psoriasis enrolled in National health Insurance in 2010. The adjusted relative risks (RR) for individuals with an affected first-degree relative and affected second-degree relative were 5.50 (95% CI (Confidence Interval), 5.19–5.82) and 2.54 (95% CI, 2.08–3.12) respectively. For those who have affected first-degree relatives, their RR was 1.45 (95% CI, 1.17–1.79) for Sjogren’s syndrome and 1.94 (95% CI, 1.15–3.27) for systemic sclerosis. This nationwide study ascertains that family history of psoriasis is a risk factor for psoriasis. Individuals with relatives affected by psoriasis have higher risks of developing some autoimmune diseases.

Talking to children about parental mental illness: The experiences of well parents

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Ballal ◽  
Janardhana Navaneetham
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Parental Mental Illness ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Mental Health Systems ◽  
The Family ◽  
Supportive Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Of Information

Background: Children of parents with mental illness are not routinely included in psychoeducational and supportive family interventions provided by adult mental health systems. The family, therefore, is an important and, sometimes, the only source of information and support for them. Aim: To understand the experiences of well parents in talking to their children about parental mental illness. Method: This article presents the findings of a qualitative study of the experiences of well parents in talking to their children about parental mental illness. Ten well parents whose spouses were diagnosed with a severe mental illness participated in the study. Socio-demographic information, family details and history of the spouse’s mental illness along with their experiences of talking to children about parental mental illness, the perceived risks and benefits, challenges they faced and the role of others in the process were recorded. Qualitative data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings: The themes of ‘distancing children from parental mental illness’, ‘avoiding conversations about the illness’, ‘giving and receiving emotional support’, ‘providing explanations of the illness’ and ‘regulating other sources of information’ show the complex ways in which well parents influence their children’s understanding of parental mental illness. The findings are examined in the background of what is known about this topic from the perspective of children or of the parent with illness. Possible ways to support well parents in families affected by parental mental illness are discussed. Conclusion: This study is a step forward in the understanding of how families talk to children about parental mental illness and provides the perspective of the well parent.

Platelet Indices and Risk of Death and Cardiovascular Events: Results from a Large Population-Based Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (11) ◽  
pp. 1773-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Patti ◽  
Giuseppe Di Martino ◽  
Fabrizio Ricci ◽  
Giulia Renda ◽  
Sabina Gallina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Previous Stroke ◽  
History Of

AbstractStudies evaluating the relationship between platelet indices and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes yielded conflicting results. We assessed the incidence of adverse events according to baseline quintiles of platelet indices in the prospective cohort of the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. A total of 30,314 individuals (age 57 ± 8 years) were followed for a median of 16 years (468,490 person-years). Outcome measures included all-cause death, CV death, myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemic stroke. The fifth quintile of platelet count (> 274.6 × 109/L) was associated with higher incidence of all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.32, p < 0.001), CV death (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.00–1.42; p = 0.044), MI (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.12–1.54; p = 0.001), and ischemic stroke (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.08–1.50, p = 0.004) compared with the first quintile (≤ 185 × 109/L), and also associated with a lower survival, regardless of previous history of MI (p for interaction = 0.58) or stroke (p for interaction = 0.42). In the highest quintile, history of stroke had a higher risk of CV death (HR 3.18, 95% CI 1.54–6.54) compared with no previous stroke (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.96–1.31). The risk of MI and stroke was greatest in the fifth quintile, regardless of previous MI or previous stroke, respectively. The risk of all adverse events was similar across different quintiles of mean platelet volume. In conclusion, elevated platelet count is associated with higher mortality and risk of CV events, regardless of previous MI and stroke. Platelet count may thus be a useful marker for further stratification of CV risk, and especially of death.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document