Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Fluridone in Selected Crop Species

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Berard ◽  
D. P. Rainey ◽  
C. C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Uptake Studies

The uptake, translocation, and metabolism of the herbicide fluridone 1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4(1H)-pyridinone was studied in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Stoneville 213’) (fluridone tolerant) and corn (Zea mays L. ‘Migro 5040’), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Calland’], and rice (Oryza sativa L. ‘Nato’) (fluridone susceptible). Uptake studies with 14C fluridone demonstrated that all species absorbed radioactivity with rice having the highest concentration. Equivalent concentrations of radioactivity were observed in corn, cotton, and soybean. Absorbed fluridone was retained primarily in the roots and the basal region of the stem of cotton, while in the herbicide susceptible species fluridone was readily translocated into the shoots. No appreciable metabolism of fluridone was observed in the roots or shoots of cotton and soybean. Tolerance of cotton to fluridone was primarily attributed to the limited translocation of the compound.

scholarly journals Cultivation of Rice (Oryza sativa), Corn (Zea mays) and Soybean (Glycine max) Based on Land Suitability

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Suntoro SUNTORO ◽  
◽  
Mujiyo MUJIYO ◽  
Hery WIDIJANTO ◽  
Ganjar HERDIANSYAH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Land Suitability

Preemergence Herbicidal Activities of 3-Phenoxypyridazine Derivatives

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Takematsu ◽  
Yasutomo Takeuchi ◽  
Saburo Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Benzene Ring ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Ortho Position ◽  
Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Phaseolus Angularis ◽  
Submerged Conditions

Preemergence herbicidal activities of 27 3-phenoxypyridazine derivatives were evaluated in pots under upland and submerged conditions. Each of the compounds containing an alkyl or halogen at the ortho position of the benzene ring showed marked herbicidal effects. The activity of some disubstituted compounds carrying one of the substituents at the ortho position was the next. Among the compounds tested, 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-, 3-(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)-, 3-(2,4-dimethylphenoxy)-, and 3-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-pyridazines exhibited an excellent margin of selectivity for tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), and Azuki bean (Phaseolus angularis Wight). For transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L. ‘Norin No. 29′) under submerged conditions, 3-(2-isopropylphenoxy)-and 3-(2-n-butylphenoxy)-pyridazines showed a remarkable margin of selectivity, though the herbicidal activity of both compounds was slightly inferior to that of 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-pyridazine.

Effects of 2,4,5-T, Triclopyr, and 3,6-Dichloropicolinic Acid on Crop Seedlings

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Bovey ◽  
R. E. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Grain Sorghum

Triclopyr {[(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]acetic acid}, 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], and 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid were applied to the foliage of juvenile crop plants at 0.002, 0.009, 0.03, 0.14, and 0.56 kg/ha. Corn (Zea maysL.), oat (Avena sativaL.), wheat (Triticum aestivumL.), grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench], and kleingrass (Panicum coloratumL.) were generally more tolerant to the herbicides than were peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.), cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.), and soybean (Glycine max[L.] Merr.). Triclopyr was usually more phytotoxic to corn, oat, grain sorghum, and kleingrass than either 2,4,5-T or 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid at 0.14 and 0.56 kg/ha, but few differences occurred among herbicides at lower rates. Kleingrass was not affected at any rate of 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid. Wheat tolerated most rates of all three herbicides. At 0.56 kg/ha, triclopyr and 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid caused greater injury to peanuts than did 2,4,5-T; whereas, 2,4,5-T and triclopyr were more damaging to cotton and cucumber than 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid. The three herbicides at 0.14 and 0.56 kg/ha killed soybeans. Soybean injury varied from none to severe at 0.002 to 0.03 kg/ha, depending upon species investigated, but many plants showed morphological symptoms typical of the auxin-type herbicides.

scholarly journals Carcaça e componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento com caroço de algodão na dieta

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1935-1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Pilecco ◽  
S. Carvalho ◽  
L.G. Pellegrini ◽  
R.O. Mello ◽  
P.S. Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Glycine Max L

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento, com diferentes proporções de caroço de algodão na dieta. Foram utilizados 45 cordeiros, machos, não castrados, da raça Ile de France. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por níveis de inclusão de caroço de algodão na matéria seca (MS) da dieta total (0%; 10%; 20%; 30% ou 40%), sendo a dieta composta por silagem de milho (Zea mays L.), grão de milho triturado (Zea mays L.), farelo de soja (Glycine max L.), caroço de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.), calcário calcítico e sal mineral, em proporção de volumoso:concentrado de 40:60. Os animais foram abatidos com peso de abate preestabelecido. O peso de carcaça quente e o peso de carcaça fria, bem como o índice de quebra ao resfriamento, o índice de compacidade, a conformação e o estado de engorduramento da carcaça, não foram influenciados (P>0,05) pelo nível de inclusão de caroço de algodão na dieta. As características de rendimento de carcaça quente e rendimento de carcaça fria diminuíram linearmente (P≤0,05) à medida que se incluiu caroço de algodão na dieta. Com relação à medida de espessura de gordura de cobertura, pode-se observar que houve comportamento quadrático crescente e, em relação à variável área de olho de lombo, o comportamento observado foi o linear decrescente. Quanto às proporções dos cortes comerciais da carcaça, o peso de perna diminuiu linearmente (P≤0,05) enquanto a porcentagem de perna foi influenciada de forma quadrática (P≤0,05) pela inclusão de caroço de algodão nas dietas. O trato gastrointestinal cheio e o conteúdo do trato gastrointestinal aumentam linearmente (P≤0,05) com o incremento do nível de inclusão de caroço de algodão na dieta. Algumas das características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça tiveram influência negativa da elevação do teor de fibra e de lipídios da dieta à medida que se incluiu caroço de algodão na dieta total.

Influence of Soil pH ons-Triazine Availability to Plants

Weed Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Best ◽  
J. B. Weber ◽  
T. J. Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Silt Loam

Field studies indicated that liming an acid Bladen silt loam from pH 5.5 to 7.5 increased the phytotoxicity of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] and prometryn [2,4-bis-(isopropylamino)-6-methyoxy-s-triazine]. Liming greatly increased the persistence of atrazine, but did not affect prometryn dissipation. Liming increased the14C-concentration present in the shoots of corn (Zea MaysL. ‘Pioneer 3369A’), cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. ‘Coker 201’), and soybeans [Glycine Max(L.) Merr. ‘Ransom’] from soil treated with14C-ring labeled atrazine, prometryn, and hydroxyatrazine [2-hydroxy-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] in greenhouse studies. Decreases in14C-uptake by the crops were associated with adsorption and degradation of the compounds in the soil. Atrazine was taken up in much greater amounts than hydroxyatrazine. Cotton absorbed less of thes-triazines than soybeans or corn from soil.

scholarly journals Curtobacterium glycinis sp. nov. from Glycine max, Curtobacterium gossypii sp. nov. from Gossypium hirsutum and Curtobacterium oryzae sp. nov. from Oryza sativa, three new Curtobacterium species and endophytes from agricultural crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Seaton ◽  
Jacqueline Lemaire ◽  
Patrik Inderbitzin ◽  
Victoria Knight-Connoni ◽  
James F. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Agricultural Crops

ABSTRACTThree new Curtobacterium species from healthy tissues of agricultural crop plants in the United States are reported. They are Curtobacterium glycinis sp. nov. from soybean in Missouri, Curtobacterium gossypii from cotton in Puerto Rico and Curtobacterium oryzae sp. nov. from rice in Texas.

Biological Control of Northern Jointvetch in Rice by An Endemic Fungal Disease

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Daniel ◽  
G. E. Templeton ◽  
R. J. Smith ◽  
W. T. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Water Sprays ◽  
Common Field

An endemic anthrocnose disease of northern jointvetch [Aeschynomene virginica(L.) B.S.P.] incited by the fungusColletotrichum gloeosporioides(Penz.) Sacc. f. sp.aeschynomenewas discovered in 1969 at Stuttgart, Arkansas. When grown on solid or in liquid media, the organism grew rapidly and sporulated abundantly. From 1970 through 1972 water sprays of the fungus spores at 2 to 15 million spores per milliliter in 94 to 374 L/ha controlled northern jointvetch grown in the growth chamber, greenhouse, and field. The fungus controlled plants ranging from 5 to 66 cm tall. The disease developed on northern jointvetch most rapidly at temperatures of 23 to 32 C and at relative humidities above 80%. An incubation period of 4 to 7 days and up to 5 weeks was usually required to kill the weeds. The fungus was specific forAeschynomenespecies since it was very virulent onA. virginicaand only slightly virulent on Indian jointvetch (A. indicaL.). It did not affect rice (Oryza sativaL.), soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.), or 12 other common field, forage, and vegetable crops or 15 common weeds.

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