The effects of an old-age allowance programme on intergenerational interactions in Taiwan: Heterogeneous effects by adult children’s motives for giving

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
CHENHONG PENG ◽  
JULIA SHU-HUAH WANG ◽  
YIWEN ZHU ◽  
YUE ZENG
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Financial Transfers ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects

Abstract This study examines the effects of an old-age allowance programme in Taiwan, the Senior Citizens Welfare Living Allowance (SCWLA), on intergenerational financial transfers, living arrangements and contact, as well as the heterogeneity of its effects by adult children’s five types of motives for giving: altruism, exchange, reciprocity, affection, and sense of responsibility. Using 2002, 2004, 2005 and 2006 data from the Panel Study of Family Dynamics, we employed a difference-in-difference individual fixed effect model to compare the outcomes across the treatment (aged 65 and older) and comparison groups (aged 55 to 64) before and after the introduction of SCWLA. Our results indicate that SCWLA crowds in intergenerational contact but does not significantly change financial transfers and co-residence patterns. The increase in intergenerational contact is primarily driven by adult children having lower motives for giving. This suggests that old-age allowances may reduce financial entanglement between adult children and older parents and change the social norm by raising “low motivators’” awareness, respect and concern for elderly. Providing public transfer to the elderly should not be hampered by the fear of distorting family support functions.

How left behind are rural parents of migrant children? Evidence from Thailand

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN KNODEL ◽  
JIRAPORN KESPICHAYAWATTANA ◽  
CHANPEN SAENGTIENCHAI ◽  
SUVINEE WIWATWANICH
Keyword(s):  
Adult Children ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Economic Changes

ABSTRACTThe consequences of adult children's migration from rural areas for older parents who remain behind are keenly debated. While the mass media and international advocacy organisations favour an ‘alarmist’ view of desertion, the academic literature makes more sanguine assessments using the ‘household strategy’ and ‘modified extended family’ perspectives. We examine the relationship between the migration of adult children and various dimensions of older parents' wellbeing in Thailand using evidence from a survey that focused on the issues. The results provide little support for the alarmist view, but instead suggest that parents and adult children adapt to the social and economic changes associated with development in ways not necessarily detrimental to intergenerational relations. The migration of children, especially to urban areas, often benefits parents' material support while the recent spread of cell phones has radically increased their ability to maintain social contact. Nevertheless, changing living arrangements through increased migration and the smaller family sizes of the youngest age groups of older people pose serious challenges for aspects of filial support, especially at advanced ages when chronic illness and frailty require long-term personal care. Dealing with this emerging situation in a context of social, economic and technological change is among the most critical issues facing those concerned with the implications of rapid population ageing in Thailand and elsewhere.

Subjective wellbeing of Chinese elderly: a comparative analysis among Hong Kong, Urban China and Taiwan

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Jia Miao ◽  
Xiaogang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Chinese Societies

AbstractThis study investigates the relative importance of living with adult children and social participation for the elderly's subjective wellbeing (happiness) in three Chinese societies (Hong Kong, urban China and Taiwan). We use data from the 2011 wave of the Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics (N = 1,658), the 2010 China Family Panel Studies in mainland China (N = 3,198) and the 2010 wave of the Taiwan Social Change Survey (N = 790). The ordinary least squares regression shows that, as the family value of society moves forward on a traditional–modern continuum, the elderly benefit more psychologically from social participation and less from living with children. The older people in Hong Kong who live independently with a spouse are in a significantly better emotional state than those living with adult children. Social participation is positively associated with subjective wellbeing among the aged in Hong Kong but not among those in urban China and Taiwan. The findings suggest that encouraging social involvement is important for effective public policy to tackle rapid population ageing in Chinese societies.

THE IMPACT OF LIVING ARRANGEMENTS OF OLDER PEOPLE ON INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSFERS FROM THEIR ADULT CHILDREN IN CHINA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
QINGYUAN XUE ◽  
NOPPHOL WITVORAPONG
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Intergenerational Transfers ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Monetary Transfers ◽  
Social Security Reforms ◽  
The Impact

Based on three waves of the nationally representative survey conducted in 2005, 2008-2009, and 2011-2012, this study investigates the effect of living arrangements on intergenerational transfers in China. Outcomes of interest include monetary transfers, contact, informal care, and emotional support that adult children provide to older parents. Both actual living arrangements and the discrepancy between actual and preferred living arrangements are considered. Endogeneity bias is accounted for through fixed-effects instrumental-variable regression modeling. It is found that co-residence serves as a substitute for monetary transfers and is positively associated with the probability that parents would receive contact, informal care and emotional support from adult children. Living alone with children in the same city is positively associated with the receipt of monetary transfers and contact by older parents but is not statistically related to the other two outcomes. There is an expressed desire for independent living among older people, which impacts transfer behaviors in a complex manner. This study provides a better understanding of the role of the family amidst ongoing social security reforms in China.

The Kindred Spirit: The Ties that Bind Indonesian Children and Their Parents

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Frankenberg ◽  
Muda Saputra ◽  
Victoria Beard
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Indonesia Family Life Survey ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Living Children

AbstractThis paper uses panel data from two rounds of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS1 and IFLS2) to examine the correlates of shared living arrangements between adult children and older parents. We consider the question from two perspectives: that of prime-age adults (under 60) and that of elderly (60 and above). For both groups, we find that opportunities to co-reside are strong determinants of whether coresidence occurs in 1993. That is, for prime-age adults, the number of living siblings is strongly negatively associated with the presence of a parent in the household. For the elderly, the number of living children is strongly positively associated with whether a child is present in the household. Households headed by elderly respondents are also more likely to contain a child if they are in urban areas or in areas where housing costs are relatively high. We also examine the correlates of the transition to shared living arrangements by 1997. For the elderly, although socioeconomic factors play a role in coresidence in 1993, they are not related to a transition to coresidence by 1997. Among prime-age adults, it is the younger and better educated household heads who are more likely to transition to coresidence by 1997, but these factors do not explain coresidence in 1993.

scholarly journals Older parents and adult children: Traditional relationship or closeness throug or at distance?

Sociologija ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 287-305
Author(s):  
Sladjana Dragisic-Labas
Keyword(s):  
Adult Children ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Elderly Parents ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Care Of Elderly ◽  
The One ◽  
Reproductive Activities

A good relationship between older parents and adult children is an important part of active aging. This relationship is being transformed in different ways through all stages of life. Closeness, support and care of elderly parents by children and the other way around of descendants, both children and grandchildren by their parents and grandparents definitely facilitates and reduces the amount of care to be delivered from the community and wider society as such. However, the state often conveys its own part of responsibility to the elderly or the children, whereas the traditional culture presupposes a reciprocal care to be a moral norm, hence we get the so called ?nonsense? situation i.e., overloaded and exhausted adult children or burdened parents on the one side and preserved ?state? of well-being, on the other. In this work, we will consider the relationship between older parents and adult children using the collected data from 52 interviews (with content analysis method applied) conducted with people over 65, from Belgrade. It becomes clear that this relationship marks the everyday life - work, reproductive activities, leisure, health, i.e., the most relevant aspects of our respondents? lives. The so called ?distant closeness? proved to be efficient in Western societies and referring to our research, it is described as desirable but not always feasible. . It is also more preferable for female than for male respondents. The male respondents have higher expectations from their children when it comes to care and help. Sharing of more responsibility over needs of elderly and their children by society, could significantly enable the realization of what we here labelled ?distant closeness?.

scholarly journals The Messaging Kettle: It’s IoTea time

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Soro ◽  
Margot Brereton ◽  
Paul Roe
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Asynchronous Communication ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
The People ◽  
The Internet Of Things

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>It’s time to consider people in designing the Internet of Things (IoT). We demonstrate a working prototype of a Messaging Kettle. It is designed to facilitate asynchronous communication and enable a sense of presence between adult children and their older parents living remotely from them through the familiar comfort routine of boiling the kettle to make a cup of tea. Our goal is to offer a human centred critique of the Internet of Things, which has largely been conceived without consideration of the people who will use the things, and rather has traditionally moved from a technology oriented perspective. In the case of smart homes this approach has produced a wide array of projects focused on monitoring the habits of the elderly, recognizing anomalies and alerting the caregivers. In contrast we propose to focus on engagement and reciprocity, building on the rituals associated with habitually used and cherished objects. We conclude by revisiting the technology-oriented framework for the Internet of Things to include our observations on people’s perspectives on smart communicating objects. </span></p></div></div></div>

Basic Old-Age Pension and financial wellbeing of older adults in South Korea

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1055-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
EUNHAE SHIN ◽  
YOUNG KYUNG DO
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACTSouth Korea's old-age poverty rate is among the highest in the developed world. Confronted with the increasing demand for a social safety net for older people, the South Korean government introduced the Basic Old-Age Pension (BOAP) in 2008. The BOAP is a non-contributory, means-tested pension covering 70 per cent of the elderly population, with monthly benefits amounting to 84 kW (thousand Korean won, approximately equivalent to US $1) for singles and 139 kW for couples. Little empirical research has been conducted, however, to evaluate the effectiveness of the new pension programme in supporting the financial wellbeing of older people. Using data from the 2008–2010 Korea Welfare Panel Study, a panel data analysis is conducted to estimate the effects of the BOAP on three sets of financial wellbeing measures: financial difficulty, monthly consumption and overall financial satisfaction. The results suggest that the BOAP has beneficial effects on the financial wellbeing of older people by improving affordability of basic subsistence items such as heating and nutritious meals, particularly among the older-old group. However, the effects are limited to these few outcomes only; overall financial wellbeing and other important indicators remain unchanged.

Perceptions by Adult Children of Elderly Parents' Needs

1996 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Halpern ◽  
Mary Ann Shroder ◽  
Maryalice Citera
Keyword(s):  
Adult Children ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Retirement Communities ◽  
Elderly Parents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Opposite Sex

The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of adult children's perceptions of their elderly parents' concerns. Factors associated with moderate involvement between the elderly parent and adult child were predicted to lead to the greatest accuracy. 48 pairs of elderly parents and adult children filled out questionnaires regarding the parents' concerns about seven areas of functioning. Analysis showed that concerns about health and emotional support were rated as most important by elderly parents. Adult children accurately perceived these concerns to be most important to their parents. For health concerns, opposite-sex pairs of parents and children showed greatest agreement. For emotional support concerns, however, both sons and daughters were more accurate predicting their fathers' concerns than their mothers'. Middle-born children tended to be more accurate in their predictions of parents' concerns than oldest or youngest children. Living arrangements also influenced accuracy. In predicting the concerns of elderly parents, adult children were most accurate for parents living in retirement communities, moderately accurate for parents living independently, and least accurate for parents living in the adult child's home. Further, children sharing a household with an adult parent tended to overestimate their parents' concerns on some issues. The results were consistent with the moderate involvement hypothesis. The implications of these results and suggestions for research are discussed.

scholarly journals Living Arrangements of Mothers and Their Adult Children Over the Life Course

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Wiemers ◽  
Vladislav Slanchev ◽  
Kathleen McGarry ◽  
V. Joseph Hotz
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Relationship

Early in the last century, it was commonplace for elderly women to live with their adult children. Over time, the prevalence of this type of living arrangement declined, as incomes increased. In more recent decades, coresidence between adult children and their retirement-age parents has become more common, as children rely on parental support later into adulthood. We use panel data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to examine the living arrangements of older mothers and their adult children over the life course. We pay particular attention to the relationship between coresidence and indicators of parental and child needs. Our results suggest that for much of the life course, coresidence serves to benefit primarily the adult children rather than their older mother. We also highlight a little known phenomenon, that of children who never leave the parental home and remain coresident well into their later adult years.

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