scholarly journals Dialect divergence and convergence in New Zealand English

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Babel
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Automatic Process ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
Implicit Association Task ◽  
Association Task ◽  
Phonetic Convergence ◽  
English Dialect ◽  
Influence Degree ◽  
Social Biases

AbstractRecent research has been concerned with whether speech accommodation is an automatic process or determined by social factors (e.g. Trudgill 2008). This paper investigates phonetic accommodation in New Zealand English when speakers of NZE are responding to an Australian talker in a speech production task. NZ participants were randomly assigned to either a Positive or Negative group, where they were either flattered or insulted by the Australian. Overall, the NZE speakers accommodated to the speech of the AuE speaker. The flattery/insult manipulation did not influence degree of accommodation, but accommodation was predicted by participants' scores on an Implicit Association Task that measured Australia and New Zealand biases. Participants who scored with a pro-Australia bias were more likely to accommodate to the speech of the AuE speaker. Social biases about how a participant feels about a speaker predicted the extent of accommodation. These biases are, crucially, simultaneously automatic and social. (Speech accommodation, phonetic convergence, New Zealand English, dialect contact)*

City Children’s Nature Knowledge and Contact: It Is Not Just About Biodiversity Provision

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1145-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Freeman ◽  
Aviva Stein ◽  
Kathryn Hand ◽  
Yolanda van Heezik
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Generalized Linear Modeling ◽  
Nature Contact

Much attention has been directed at the perceived decline in city children’s contact with nature. We used a child-centric approach to assess neighborhood nature knowledge in 187 children aged 9 to 11 years, from different socioeconomic and ethnic groups in three New Zealand cities. We evaluated the relative importance of social (independence, gender, social connections, deprivation, age) and environmental factors (biodiversity) in explaining variation in knowledge at a scale relevant to each child’s independent movements. Our biodiversity evaluation reflected the natural dimensions of the habitats where children interacted with nature. Generalized linear modeling identified ethnicity as having the strongest association with nature knowledge. Within each ethnic group, social factors were most important (independence, social connections, deprivation) except for Pākehā/NZ European children, where local biodiversity was most important. Enhancing biodiversity values of private green spaces (yards) would be effective in facilitating opportunities to experience nature, which is fundamental to supporting nature contact.

New dialect formation and near-dialect contact

Contact ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert McColl Millar
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Australian English

Linguists have often wondered how ‘new’ varieties of a language come into being. This chapter provides a theoretical discussion of recent research on these developments, paying particular attention to determinism, the founder principle and swamping. Varieties discussed include New Zealand, Newfoundland, Falkland Islands and Australian English, Glaswegian Scots and Scottish Standard English. The last is of particular interest, since it discusses contact producing a written variety. The concept of koineisation is introduced.

Psychiatric ethics and the professions

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-142
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Coady
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
First Century ◽  
High Status ◽  
Relative Autonomy ◽  
Rapid Communication ◽  
Zealand College

The chapter provides a critical analysis of past understandings of the characteristics of professions. Many of these characteristics have lost meaning in the twenty-first century. High status has been diminished partly by professionals’ betrayal of the values they expound, but partly also by social factors such as rapid communication of information and changed understanding of the nature of knowledge, both of which have led to general scepticism about expertise. Professionals’ previous relative autonomy is challenged by government intervention and by the fact that more professionals are employed in large organizations where managers are the power centres. The chapter argues for a ‘new professionalism’ and takes two principles from the Code of Ethics of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatry to demonstrate how carefully deliberated codes of ethics can enunciate the particular values which the professions contribute in a well-functioning society.

scholarly journals A Test of the Salience Asymmetry Interpretation of the Alcohol-IAT

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrijn Houben ◽  
Reinout W. Wiers
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Implicit Association Task ◽  
Association Task ◽  
Explicit Measures

K. Rothermund and D. Wentura (2004) showed how Figure-Ground (FG) asymmetries produce effects on the Implicit Association Task (IAT), independent of associations. Here, the FG account was tested for the robust finding that drinkers show a negative alcohol-IAT effect while being positive on explicit measures. FG asymmetries were manipulated through familiarity of alcohol-IAT target categories and were assessed with visual search tasks. Supporting the FG account, the familiarity manipulation influenced the IAT effect in the expected direction, and the IAT effect correlated with FG asymmetries. Contrary to the FG account, however, the IAT effect was not reversed, and IAT effects were predicted by alcohol use but not by FG asymmetries. Hence, the FG account only partly explains the negative alcohol-IAT effect.

F125. Magnetoencephalography of the Suicide Implicit Association Task

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. S261-S262
Author(s):  
Jessica Fields ◽  
Jessica Gilbert ◽  
Elizabeth Ballard ◽  
Laura Waldman ◽  
Carlos Zarate
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit Association Task ◽  
Association Task

Implicit Association Task and Perception of Homosexuality: Differences between African American and Non-Hispanic Caucasian Homosexual Males

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1238-1260
Author(s):  
Michele M. Carter ◽  
Tracy Sbrocco ◽  
Trinity Alexander ◽  
Dickson Tang ◽  
Cherie G. Carter
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit Association Task ◽  
Association Task

scholarly journals Phonetic convergence towards American English by Indian agents in international service encounters

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-274
Author(s):  
Claire Cowie ◽  
Anna Pande
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
American English ◽  
Service Encounters ◽  
International Service ◽  
Call Centres ◽  
Phonetic Convergence ◽  
It Workers ◽  
Indian Agents

Abstract In outsourced voice-based services (call centres are a typical example), an agent providing a service is likely to accommodate their speech to that of the customer. In services outsourced to India, as in other postcolonial settings, the customer accent typically does not have a place in that agent’s repertoire. This presents an opportunity to test whether exposure to the customer accent through telephone work promotes phonetic convergence, and/or whether social factors are implicated in convergence. In this map task experiment, 16 IT workers from Pune (half of whom regularly spoke to American colleagues on the telephone) gave directions to American followers. There was evidence of imitation of the bath vowel with an American addressee. However, imitation did not depend on exposure alone. Attitudes to American English, social networks and individuals’ sense of themselves as performers affected their behaviour in the experiment.

The Northern Subject Rule in the Irish diaspora

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dania Jovanna Bonness
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Extreme Variability ◽  
Parent Generation

Abstract This article examines the Northern Subject Rule in the Irish diaspora, studying letters from two generations of an Ulster emigrant family in 19th-century New Zealand. The study shows that the concord pattern frequently used by the parent generation almost completely disappeared in the language of their New Zealand-born children. The results suggest that the children skipped the stage of “extreme variability” that is claimed to be characteristic of the language of the first colony-born immigrants in the new-dialect formation framework (Trudgill 2004). This study aims to contribute to work on early New Zealand English grammar (e.g. Hundt 2012, 2015a, 2015b; Hundt and Szmrecsanyi 2012) and it adds new insights into the formation of New Zealand English. It, furthermore, contributes to research on dialect contact between Irish English and other colonial varieties of English as well as new-dialect formation.

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