‘LIKE A LILY AMONGST THE THORNS’: PATTERNS OF NOBLE POWER AND VIOLENCE BETWEEN FARNESE AND ORSINI, 1378–1447

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 245-265
Author(s):  
Loek Luiten
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
European Politics ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Insight Into

Violence and peace-making in medieval Italy have often been analysed in urban environments. But what happened if two powerful baronial families clashed in the countryside? This paper, by looking at the feud between the Farnese and Orsini di Pitigliano during the Western Schism, illuminates various patterns of conflict and conciliation. Such conflicts witnessed the participation of relatives, allies, and subjects who shared in the sense of community and honour of their lords. The various motivations for actors to become involved on behalf of or in opposition to barons are analysed here in detail. The events of the Farnese–Orsini feud on the micro-level are linked to wider developments on the Italian peninsula and European politics. In the second part of this paper the successful conclusion of the feud is analysed in light of the return of the papacy to Rome. The meticulous detail in which the peace agreement was hammered out then provides further insight into the strategies employed by baronial families to maintain the peace. In all, this paper therefore contributes to the study of violence and peace-making as well as of the Italian nobility during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

Market Influence Analytics in a Digital Ecosystem

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Product Positioning ◽  
Careful Evaluation ◽  
Digital Ecosystem ◽  
New Business ◽  
Marketing Intelligence ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Viral Proliferation ◽  
Insight Into

The internet provides opportunities for marketing which extend from the micro level of electronic contacts to the macro level of new business opportunities. As the democratisation of consumer expression leads to a viral proliferation of information online, the new age communication ecosystem has prompted the need for a careful evaluation of the potential of what is being called Consumer Generated internet content, creating new challenges for Marketing Intelligence. These offerings of the Information age have garnered adequate potential to engineer business transformations. Consumer Generated Media (CGM) comprises the content generated by consumers within online venues such as Internet forums, Blogs, Wikis, discussion lists, etc. Leveraging CGM and channelizing it appropriately has become critical for organisations for understanding and managing market performance, product positioning, and driving brand reputations. The biggest challenge in front of organizations now is to harvest CGM to help marketers gain insight into the online market conversations taking place. Efforts are on by marketing in organizations to track the volume, origin, flow, and trajectory of the conversations in real time as they evolve, study the domain of Individual Internet Worth and map the scope, reach and influence of the same on topics that might have a positive or negative impact on a company’s products, promotions, and reputation.

scholarly journals Situační analýza a role diskurzů v sociálněvědním výzkumu

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Markéta Košatková
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Situation Analysis ◽  
Meso Level ◽  
Social Organizations ◽  
Collective Actors ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Insight Into

The article introduces situation analysis (cf. Clarke 2005) as an epistemologicalontological basis for science freed of the positivistic paradigm. Situation analysis in a broader perspective dives into present discourses as well as discourses that have been concealed. At the meso-level, the analysis offers insight into social and discursive arenas formed by collective actors, key material elements, social organizations and institutions. At the micro-level it is aimed at the position of individual actors in a situation. Situational analysis provides multidimensional research resonating marginalized discourses and supports the everydayness of knowledge in a socially engaged, emic research of social reality. The focus on language constructions in the humanities allows for the re-definition of one’s own entities, formulas, and rules. Their (im)possible transgression is a necessary response to the accelerated and diverse shape of the recent globalized and particularized society.

The Enemy Next Door: Italian Collaboration in Deporting Jews during the German Occupation of Rome

Modern Italy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke Wildvang
Keyword(s):  
German Occupation ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Insight Into

About 2,000 Jews were deported from Rome during the nine months of German occupation, half of them after the infamous German razzia of 16 October 1943. Who took part in their identification and arrest? Italian historiography has most commonly focused on a few ardent Fascist collaborators, while the majority of Italians were proclaimed to be engaged in rescue operations for persecuted Jews. Due to the long-standing hegemony of the notion of ‘italiani brava gente’ and the taboo against discussing Italian collaboration, almost no studies of the Jewish persecution during the German occupation in Italy have been undertaken. The analysis of over 50 trials against Fascist collaborators offers insight into the caccia all'ebreo on the micro-level of occupied Rome. Elaborating on different forms of denunciations characterizing the persecution as well as the diverse motives of the Italian perpetrators, this article presents a comprehensive picture of the collaboration between German occupation forces and the population of Rome.

scholarly journals Urbanism as Politics in Ninth-Century Italy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Goodson
Keyword(s):  
Ninth Century ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
The Social ◽  
Western Eurasia ◽  
Ways Of Life

Early medieval Italy was the most densely urbanised part of Western Eurasia until the 11th century. This article seeks to examine how urbanism and the social and policial implication of living in cities shaped the ways of life and patterns of governance in Latin- and Greek-speaking areas of the Italian peninsula. Special consideration is paid to how the Carolingian conquest and Frankish control of parts of Italy might have challenged the roles played by cities in economic and political life in those areas.

scholarly journals Samhørighed, interaktion og vidensdeling blandt studerende - erfaringer fra et IKT-pædagogisk udviklingsprojekt

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Jacob Davidsen ◽  
Thomas Ryberg
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Third Space ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Social Community ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Men I ◽  
Institutional System ◽  
Insight Into

I artiklen beskriver vi erfaringer fra et projekt på Aalborg Universitet (AAU), hvor forfatterne designede et forløb med Google+ communities for at skabe øget samhørighed, interaktion og vidensdeling mellem studerende på 1. semester på studiet Kommunikation og Digitale Medier (KDM). Studier viser, at studerende i vid udstrækning anvender sociale netværkssteder, såsom Facebook, i forbindelse med deres studieliv til faglige, men i særdeleshed sociale aktiviteter. Det betyder, at vi som undervisere har et begrænset indblik i, hvad de studerende kommunikerer om og har af problemstillinger i deres studieliv, hvilket er problematisk i forhold til at udvikle et fagligt fællesskab og forankringspunkt. Det skyldes endvidere, at brugen af det institutionelle system Moodle er begrænset til envejskommunikation fra underviser til studerende. Formålet med udviklingsprojektet var således at skabe et tredje rum imellem Facebook og Moodle, som skulle give de studerende oplevelser og erfaringer med, hvordan de kan bruge og finde inspiration i hinandens arbejde ved at deltage i et online-fællesskab sammen med underviserne. Projektet viser, at underviserne spiller en central rolle i udviklingen af online-fællesskabet, men samtidig, at nogle af forløbets aktiviteter har haft positiv indflydelse på de studerendes samhørighed, interaktion og vidensdeling gennem forløbet. In this paper, we share experiences from a project at Aalborg University (AAU), in which the authors designed a course using Google + Communities for the first semester of the Communication and Digital Media programme. In this programme Google + Communities was used to nurture both an academic and social community among the students, through encouraging interaction and knowledge sharing. Studies show that students prefer to use Facebook for academic and social purposes. As a consequence, teachers have minimal insight into the challenges facing students, which is problematic when trying to create and support an academic community. Moreover, it is problematic that the institutional system Moodle primarily is used by the teachers to push information in the direction of the students. Thus, we wanted to design a third space that would fit in-between Facebook and Moodle, and which would allow the students to experience the benefits of participating in an online community with fellow students and teachers. The project shows that teachers are crucial in developing and maintaining the online community. But there was also evidence that some of the online activities encouraged students to interact and share knowledge and fostered a sense of community.

‘The Lingua Franca of the Bangle'

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Matt Perry
Keyword(s):  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
British Labour ◽  
Social Mobilisation ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Insight Into

Wilkinson’s approach to imperialism provides significant insight into her political ideas. For much of the interwar period, she perceived a causal link between imperialism—which she understood as a product of late capitalism—and war. This chapter focuses upon her visit to India in autumn 1932 on behalf of the India League. Using the British and Indian press as well as India Office sources, it examines the complex relationships involved in this visit between the delegation, the Indian nationalist movement, the British and Indian state as well as the British Labour movement and the reception of Indian affairs in Britain. In this case, culturalist approaches, stressing the mutual comprehensibility, the prejudices and assumption of superiority underplay the micro-level complexity of transnational contentious politics. Wilkinson used several techniques to overcome the distance between Indian and British workers in her journalism and campaigning for Indian independence regarding the trip. The trip had a lasting significance for her attitude to the possibilities of revolution as well as the misplaced complacency about British immunity to fascism. Indeed, she incorporated her Indian experiences into her campaigning frames for social mobilisation related to women, Jarrow and anti-fascism.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
John W.P. Veugelers
Keyword(s):  
European Politics ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Far Right ◽  
National Front ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Economic Distress ◽  
Postwar Europe ◽  
Latent Potential ◽  
Insight Into

Empire’s Legacy argues that subcultures in the shadows of society preserve a latent potential for the far right. The nativist cleavage has joined traditional cleavages that shape European politics, and France is a leading example. Dominant explanations overstate the importance of current factors, especially economic distress. This book travels into the imperial past to discover the roots of an enduring affinity for the far right. At its empirical core, Empire’s Legacy dissects the victory of the National Front in Toulon, which in 1995 became the biggest city in postwar Europe to elect a far-right government. This offers insight into the National Front’s success in a region of core support, southern France. Empire’s Legacy also shows what the far right does when it holds local power; and how opponents can dampen its appeal. Ernst Bloch’s ideas about politics and anachronism guide this study.

scholarly journals Brief insight into the behavior, activity, and interspecific interactions of urban Trimeresurus (Cryptelytrops) albolabris (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae) vipers in Bangkok, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 14503-14510
Author(s):  
Curt Hrad Barnes ◽  
Tyler Keith Knierim
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Limited Movement ◽  
Venomous Snakes ◽  
Ambush Foraging ◽  
Insight Into

Green Pit Vipers are a widely distributed, diverse group of snakes which occur across a variety of habitats.  Little is known about their natural history in anthropogenically modified environments, and no ecological work has investigated their persistence in cities.  We non-invasively photo-monitored White-lipped Green Pit Vipers Trimeresurus (Cryptelytrops) albolabris in the metropolis of Bangkok, Thailand (n = 4 individuals, mean = 2,658 minutes per individual).  Subsequently, we preliminarily characterize urban green pit vipers as nocturnal predators, displaying ambush-foraging at night, sheltering during the day, and having limited movement in between temporal periods.  We recorded two predation events of vipers capturing and ingesting anuran prey.  Vipers infrequently displayed tail undulations (239 minutes total), with one event occurring immediately before a predation event.  We also document chemosensory, probing, and mouth-gaping behaviors having occurred exclusively at night.  Other vertebrates including birds, frogs, geckos, small mammals, and a cobra were photographed interacting with focal vipers or their immediate surroundings (315 minutes total).  Knowledge of organisms in tropical urban environments is scarce, and the persistence of venomous snakes in these unique and challenging habitats requires further study.

scholarly journals Contested science: Individuals with higher metacognitive insight into interpretation of evidence are less likely to polarize

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Said ◽  
Helen Fischer ◽  
Gerrit Anders
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Belief Updating ◽  
Lower Likelihood ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractSocietal polarization over contested science has increased in recent years. To explain this development, political, sociological, and psychological research has identified societal macro-phenomena as well as cognitive micro-level factors that explain how citizens reason about the science. Here we take a radically different perspective, and highlight the effects of metacognition: How citizens reason about their own reasoning. Leveraging methods from Signal Detection Theory, we investigated the importance of metacognitive insight for polarization for the heavily contested topic of climate change, and the less heavily contested topic of nanotechnology. We found that, for climate change (but not for nanotechnology), higher insight into the accuracy of own interpretations of the available scientific evidence related to a lower likelihood of polarization over the science. This finding held irrespective of the direction of the scientific evidence (endorsing or rejecting anthropogenicity of climate change). Furthermore, the polarizing effect of scientific evidence could be traced back to higher metacognitive insight fostering belief-updating in the direction of the evidence at the expense of own, prior beliefs. By demonstrating how metacognition links to polarization, the present research adds to our understanding of the drivers of societal polarization over science.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Janine Larmon Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The People

This introductory chapter begins by describing the cult of a layman in Cremona, Italy, named Albert of Villa d'Ogna (d. 1279). Albert was a humble wine carrier and a local saint who could have lapsed into obscurity if not for Franciscan chronicler Salimbene de Adam's famous description of him and the dogged efforts of his community to canonize him, which resulted in a seventeenth-century canonization process. According to his contemporary Salimbene, Albert was a wine porter but also a drunk sinner. The bishops of Cremona, Parma, and Reggio promoted his devotion although his supposed miracles were false and “deceptive.” Salimbene's ire at the fact that bishops allowed his veneration without papal authorization reveals two points of contention about the construction of sanctity in late medieval Italy. The first was what criteria should assess holiness and the relative weight of each factor when assessing “true” or “false” sanctity. The second was about the process of sanctification and how it should occur. This book is about those citizens of the Italian peninsula in the late Middle Ages who created and promoted Albert's cult and who continued venerating him regardless of papal authorization or the disparagement of institutional insiders like Salimbene. It is about the people who did the same for roughly thirty other saints, some of whom individually faced excommunication or collectively faced interdict for their choice of holy patrons.

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