Coal mine management in East Kalimantan: a review of public policy

The problems posed by coal mining in East Kalimantan have an environmental impact and an imbalance of economic growth with social development. In practice, mine management that does not meet the principles of good management, such as corrupt practices, uncontrolled mining permits, indicates the need for a particular study related to coal mining policies and regulations in East Kalimantan Province. Therefore, this paper is intended to analyze aspects of coal mining policy and regulation as well as policy implications to improve coal mining governance, especially in the perspective of preventing corruption in coal mining management in East Kalimantan. This research uses the desk study method with descriptive analysis of related literature related to coal mining management, especially in East Kalimantan. The results of this study indicate that the governance of coal mining in East Kalimantan needs to be improved in the context of Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Amendments to Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining through the application of natural resource management principles as well as the application of the concept of governance. , the need to improve policies and governance of coal mines (licensing, transparency, and law enforcement) and the need to strengthen the institutional system in the management of this mine.

7. The Court of Justice of the European Union:

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) is one of the key institutions in the European political system, and amongst the less well known. Described as one of the most powerful international courts, and perceived as one of the reasons the UK left the European Union (EU) (their main argument being that they did not want to be held to account by an unelected and non-British court), the Court continues to be shrouded in mystery. The aim of this chapter is to facilitate an understanding of the structure, history, and workings of this Court, as a key actor in the EU’s institutional system. As such, it is not only a judicial actor but a ‘political’ actor too. Its constitutional role, as well as its role during the economic and financial crisis, illustrates these multiple facets.

The Effect of Zakat Institution System and Government Support on Intention to Pay Zakat: Knowledge as A Moderating Variable

<p><em>This study aims to determine the effect of attitudes, subjective norms, zakat institution system and government support in influencing the interest of the government and private officers to pay zakat. This study also aims to determine the extent of muzakki’s knowledge of zakat in improving attitudes, subjective norms, zakat institutional systems and government support in the interest of the government and private officers to pay zakat. Respondents in this study are 402 respondents consisting of 154 government officers and 248 private officers who live in 6 big cities in Java, such as Jakarta, Serang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta and Surabaya. This research uses the Partial-Least-Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis technique with the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) model. The finding reveals that attitudes, subjective norms, zakat institutional system, and government support affect the government and private officers' interest in paying zakat. Meanwhile, knowledge as a moderating variable does not strengthen the influence of attitudes, zakat institutional systems and government support. Still, it reinforces the subjective norms of government and private officers in influencing intention to pay zakat. BAZNAS can collaborate with educational institutions, professional institutions, community institutions and utilize social networks to increase public knowledge about zakat. Hence, knowledge about zakat supports subjective norms and attitudes, zakat institutional system, and government support. </em></p>

Linguistic territoriality in Switzerland

This article argues that the linguistic territoriality principle cannot be considered as a general guideline for the design of language policy but rather as a tool to find the right balance between linguistic freedom and linguistic peace under given circumstances. The article traces the origin and evolution of language policy principles during the drafting process of the new constitutional article in its three official language versions. The Swiss language regime is embedded in an institutional system of executive federalism in which mostly monolingual cantons and municipalities are in charge of implementing nearly all public policy. This significantly reduces the relevance of the inconsistency between a formally personalistic multilingual federal language regime and linguistic territoriality deriving from cantonal language regimes. The point of the new federal regulation is to provide room for manoeuvre for cantonal policymakers to adopt legislation based on linguistic territoriality. The relevant constitutional article recognises that territorial language policies can be implemented to ensure linguistic peace. At the same time, the personality principle may be adopted to protect autochthonous linguistic minorities.

Lessons Learnt: Changes in the Methodology of the Entrepreneurial Discovery Process in Defining the Priorities of Hungarian Smart Specialisation Strategies

This study shows how one of the fundamental methods of designing and implementing the Smart Specialisation Strategy (S3), the Entrepreneurial Discovery Process (EDP), was applied in the period of 2014–2020 and how, taking accrued experience into account, it has been adjusted in the new planning cycle in Hungarian practice. Based on Hungarian strategies and other policy documents, international and Hungarian literature, the study shows that although the involvement of relevant actors in strategic planning and prioritising was achieved in both cycles, the nature of the actors’ participation differed fundamentally in the two periods. We found that learning from the experience of planning the S3 for 2014–2020, the design of the 2021–2027 strategy required improving the focus of priorities, validating priorities and creating an institutional system capable of making EDP continuous during the cycle 2021–2027, in line with the European Commission’s expectations. We concluded that a well-functioning EDP methodology is an essential part of the substantive realisation of an S3 that can be dynamically shaped according to the challenges.

Revealing the Dark Side of the Internet

The purpose of this study is to reveal the dark side the Internet and establish a hierarchical framework to provide its governance path based on users' negative psychology. However, this hierarchical framework must consider unnecessary attributes and the interrelationships between the aspects and the criteria. Hence, fuzzy set theory is used for screening out the unnecessary attributes, a decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is proposed to manage the complex interrelationships among the aspects and attributes, and interpretive structural modeling (ISM) is used to divide the hierarchy and construct a hierarchical theoretical framework. The results show that: (1) the institutional system is the driver of Internet governance improvement (2) personal values are the last link in the governance process (3) the governance transition from institutional system to values must cross the barriers of ethics and technology. This paper proposes a more systematic and integrated hierarchical framework which provides theoretical guidance to govern the dark side of the Internet.

Revealing the Dark Side of the Internet

The purpose of this study is to reveal the dark side the Internet and establish a hierarchical framework to provide its governance path based on users' negative psychology. However, this hierarchical framework must consider unnecessary attributes and the interrelationships between the aspects and the criteria. Hence, fuzzy set theory is used for screening out the unnecessary attributes, a decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is proposed to manage the complex interrelationships among the aspects and attributes, and interpretive structural modeling (ISM) is used to divide the hierarchy and construct a hierarchical theoretical framework. The results show that: (1) the institutional system is the driver of Internet governance improvement (2) personal values are the last link in the governance process (3) the governance transition from institutional system to values must cross the barriers of ethics and technology. This paper proposes a more systematic and integrated hierarchical framework which provides theoretical guidance to govern the dark side of the Internet.