What is the relevance of Boyer & Lienard's model for psychosocial treatments?

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-621
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Huppert ◽  
Shawn P. Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Psychosocial Treatments ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Differences Of Opinion

Boyer & Lienard's (B&L's) model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) rituals does not completely conform to our clinical experience with patients, and the clinical implications of their model is not described by the authors. We discuss potential differences of opinion regarding both the nature of OCD and the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of symptoms, and how emotional processing theories can account for treatment effects.

Inducing and manipulating sensations of incompleteness

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-263
Author(s):  
William Taboas ◽  
Dean McKay
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Expectancy Violation ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Behavioral Tasks ◽  
Inhibitory Learning ◽  
The Relationship

Incompleteness (INC) and Harm Avoidance (HA) are known core dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Emotional processing and inhibitory learning (IL) have both been proposed as viable mechanisms of exposure for the alleviation of HA, yet the relationship with INC remains unclear. This study evaluated differential manipulation responses to induced INC. The authors specifically tested whether targeting the key component of IL, expectancy violation generated by the discrepancy between an articulated prediction and the actual exposure experience, would lead to improved outcomes. A sample of undergraduates (N = 68) completed a series of behavioral tasks to induce INC, followed by manipulations (exposure with or without articulated predictions) to reduce INC reactions. Results show that modest changes were observed following reduction manipulations following INC induction. Furthermore, heightened HA predicted the changes of induced sensations. Mediation tests showed that articulation of predicted sensations mediated pre- to postreduction ratings. Clinical and research implications are discussed.

Post-treatment effects of exposure therapy and clomipramine in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Blair Simpson ◽  
Michael R. Liebowitz ◽  
Edna B. Foa ◽  
Michael J. Kozak ◽  
Andrew B. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Autogenous and Reactive Obsessions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Keyness and Collocation Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Kim
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Research Recommendations

This study explored the subjective experiences of individuals with autogenousand reactive forms of obsessions in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Past studieshave found greater levels of shame, stigma, and concealment for thoseexperiencing lesser-known forms of OCD, particularly those that deal with sexualthemes. This study looked at what words most differentiated (i.e, keynessanalysis) these subtypes. In addition, the word networks (i.e., collocates) of thewords that most differentiated the subtypes were examined. The keywords“sexual” and “POCD” had the strongest keyness in the autogenous corpus.Contamination and checking had the strongest keyness in the reactive corpus.The collocates of the node words in the autogenous corpus show a focus on theintrusive thoughts themselves, whereas the collocates in the reactive corpus focuson performing compulsions such as checking. Limitations, clinical implications,and future research recommendations are discussed.

scholarly journals Risk taking and impulsive behaviour: fundamental discoveries, theoretical perspectives and clinical implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 374 (1766) ◽  
pp. 20180128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Isles ◽  
Catharine A. Winstanley ◽  
Trevor Humby
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives

Our willingness to take risks, our ability to wait or the speed with which to make decisions are central features of our personality. However, it is now recognized that impulsive and risk-taking behaviours are not a unitary construct, and different aspects can be both psychologically and neurally dissociated. The range of neurochemicals and brain systems that govern these behaviours is extensive, and this may be a contributing factor to the phenotypic range seen in the human population. However, this variety can also be pathological as extremes in risk-taking and impulsive behaviours are characteristics of many neuropsychiatric and indeed neurodegenerative disorders. This spans obsessive–compulsive disorder, where behaviour becomes ridged and non-spontaneous, to the nonsensical risk-taking seen in gambling and drug taking. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Risk taking and impulsive behaviour: fundamental discoveries, theoretical perspectives and clinical implications'.

Fusion or Confusion in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieron O'Connor ◽  
Frederick Aardema
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Beliefs ◽  
Inferential Confusion ◽  
Recurrent Nature ◽  
As If

Inferential confusion occurs when a person mistakes an imagined possibility for a real probability and might account for some types of thought-action and other fusions reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Inferential confusion could account for the ego-dystonic nature of obsessions and their recurrent nature, since the person acts “as if” an imagined aversive inference is probable and tries unsuccessfully to modify this imaginary probability in reality. The clinical implications of the inferential confusion model focus primarily on the role of the imagination in obsessive-compulsive disorder rather than on cognitive beliefs.

Clinical Presentation of OCD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Penzel
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past

This chapter seeks to lay out the chief hallmarks and manifestations of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), especially for readers who do not already have direct experience with its phenomenology. As such it lays a foundation for a more detailed discussion of focused topics that follows later in this volume. Common obsessions and compulsions are described, as well as typical characteristics. This disorder causes great suffering. It was long thought to be uncommon, was not well defined, and was subject to much misdiagnosis. Research and clinical experience over the past 35 years have done much to clarify the diagnosis, and are reviewed here.

Third International Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Conference: Childhood and OCD

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (S3) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Mark A. Riddle
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Psychosocial Treatments ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Unique Potential ◽  
Special Relevance

AbstractWorkshop 2, “Childhood and OCD,” focused on six areas of research of special relevance to children: phenomenology, age of onset, subtypes, infectious and immune etiologies, psychosocial treatments, and medication treatments. Overarching themes in this session were the relative paucity of research in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in comparison to adults and the unique potential for research in children to provide answers to important questions about the etiology, subtypes, pathophysiology, and treatment of OCD.

scholarly journals Use of specialist services for obsessive–compulsive and body dysmorphic disorders across England

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne M. Drummond ◽  
Naomi A. Fineberg ◽  
Isobel Heyman ◽  
David Veale ◽  
Edmond Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorders ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Specialist Services

Aims and methodIn April 2007, the National Specialist Commissioning Team of the Department of Health commissioned a group of services to provide treatment to patients with the most severe and profound obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). We decided to examine the usage of these services across England 4–5 years after the start of the new funding arrangements. This survey used data about patients treated in the financial year 2011–2012.ResultsDespite the services offering intensive home-based as well as residential and in-patient services, there was a greater proportion of referrals from London, the South East of England and counties closer to London.Clinical implicationsIt is important that all patients, regardless of where they live, have access to highly specialist services for OCD and BDD. We discuss potential ways of improving this access but we hope this paper will act as a discussion forum whereby we can receive feedback from others.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document