The small-mammal community of a dry-tropical forest in central Thailand

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Walker ◽  
Alan Rabinowitz
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Dry Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Central Thailand

ABSTRACTSmall mammal live-trapping was carried out in a dry tropical forest mosaic in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, central Thailand. Trapping was done in two forest types in three seasons.Maxomys surijerwas the dominant species in both plots. The three most abundant species in each plot accounted for > 90% of all captures. Community structure, density, relative abundance, biomass, age structure of populations, and habitat usage of some small mammal species varied by forest type and season. The dry evergreen/mixed deciduous forest type supported a greater abundance and biomass of small mammals than the mixed deciduous/dry dipterocarp forest type in all seasons, although species richness was the same. The greatest density, biomass, and home-range size forMaxomys surijeroccurred in the rainy season in both forest types. Seasonal changes in ratios of adults and subadulls of several species suggested a breeding peak at the end of the dry season or beginning of the rainy season. The mixed deciduous/dry dipterocarp forest showed a drastic drop in numbers, density, and biomass of small mammals six weeks after a fire burned through it.

Within-Patch Structures Influence Small Mammal Abundance in Managed Forests of Northern California, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 796-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M Gray ◽  
Gary J Roloff ◽  
Andrew J Dennhardt ◽  
Brian P Dotters ◽  
Thomas T Engstrom
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Downed Wood ◽  
Intensively Managed

Abstract We evaluated how forest type, vegetation structure in trapping webs, and proximate forest types influenced localized (~6.35 hectares) abundances for commonly captured small mammals in northern California, USA. We trapped from May to August of 2011–13 in 69 forest patches that represented: (1) clearcuts (3–5 years postharvest), (2) 10–20 year-old conifer plantations, (3) rotation-aged conifer stands, and (4) Watercourse and Lake Protection Zones. We captured 11 species; four in sufficient numbers for regression modeling. Our average abundance estimates for the study were 4.57 (standard error [SE] = 0.43), 0.32 (SE = 0.11), 0.90 (SE = 0.30), and 0.25 (SE = 0.09) individuals per web location (~0.75 hectares) for Peromyscus spp., Neotoma spp., California ground squirrels, and Allen’s chipmunks. We found that web-level ground cover (shrubs and grass), downed wood, and types of forests containing our trapping webs best described small mammal abundances, whereas proximate forest types were not important. Our results indicated that retaining localized structures in the form of understory shrub cover and downed wood positively influences small mammal abundance in intensively managed forests of northern California.

scholarly journals Diversity of Pseudoscorpiones (Arthropoda: Arachnida) in two fragments of dry tropical forest in the colombian Caribbean region

Caldasia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
Eduardo Villarreal ◽  
Neis Martínez ◽  
Catalina Romero-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Collection Methods

The Dry Tropical Forest (DTF) is one of the most diverse yet threatened biomes of Colombia. There is limited information about the richness of the order Pseudoscorpiones (Arachnida) in this ecosystem in the country. Pseudoscorpions are ecologically interesting, as they may be good indicators of habitat conservation. However, it is still necessary to gather more knowledge related to its spatio-temporal variation. In this study, pseudoscorpion diversity variation was assessed in two fragments of the Dry Tropical Forest in the Caribbean region of Colombian: Reserva Campesina La Montaña (RCM) and Reserva La Flecha (RLF). Four samplings were carried out between March and September of 2016 to include the dry and rainy season. Pseudoscorpions were collected using litter sifting (SL) and manual capture (MC). A total of 260 individuals belonging to five families and eight species were collected. The most abundant was Pachyolpium granulatum (Olpiidae) and the richest family was Chernetidae. The collection methods were effective and complementary. Spatial variation was significant, but no temporal variation was observed however, there was a marked difference between the abundance at RCM in the dry season and the rainy season. In contrast, at RLF most individuals were found in the dry season in comparison with the rainy season. These new faunistic data is the first of its order in the Atlántico and Bolívar department.

The Study of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Plant Genetic Protection Area of RSPG, Nampung Dam EGAT, Thailand

2014 ◽  
Vol 911 ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanichaya Charoonphong ◽  
Pongthep Suwanwaree
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Mixed Deciduous Forest ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
Dry Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This work aims to study soil physical and chemical properties in two forest types including dry dipterocarp forest (DDF) and mixed deciduous forest (MDF) located in Plant Genetic Protection Area under the Royal Initiative of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, Nampung dam EGAT, Sakon Nakhon province, Thailand. The samples were collected 3 times in December 2011, February and May 2012. The results showed that the average values of soil properties in MDF including, soil moisture, electical conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, avialable phosphorus and exchangeable potassium were higher than those in DDF. Only soil pH in MDF was less than that in DDF. It can be concluded that MDF have more fertility status of soil than DDF.

scholarly journals Effect of fragmentation of kerangas forest on small mammal community structure in Brunei Darussalam

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Salwa Abd Khalid ◽  
Ulmar Grafe
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Small Mammal Community ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
Forest Size ◽  
Fragmented Forests

Widespread and rapid forest loss and disturbance have resulted in increased fragmentation of tropical forests. The impacts of forest disturbance and fragmentation on small mammals have been widely studied across the tropics and these studies have highlighted the detrimental effects. However, there is limited understanding on the impacts on small mammals in Borneo. This study investigated the impacts of fragmentation on small mammal community structure in lowland coastal heath forests known as kerangas forests, in Brunei Darussalam. Twelve study sites were compared in three forest types: fragmented (2.07-17.6 ha), disturbed (443.55-483.79 ha) and undisturbed (>500 ha) forests. In addition, the correlations between species richness, abundance and biomass of small mammals, and forest size were investigated. There was a clear change in species composition in the different forest types. Fragmented forests had the lowest species richness but the highest pooled abundance and biomass compared with disturbed and undisturbed forests. Species richness increased with forest size as predicted by the theory of island biogeography. In contrast, abundance and biomass was negatively correlated to forest size. Factors that contribute to the pronounced decline in species richness in fragmented forests include loss of rare and native forest species, reduced forest size in fragmented forests and distance effect. We suggest that a release from top-down control by predators and favourable conditions as a result from forest fragmentation are responsible for higher abundance and biomass of small mammals in fragmented forests.

scholarly journals Low impact of forest conversion on biodiversity: evidence from small mammals in contrasting forests of Mt. Liangshan, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Xingcheng ◽  
Zhixin Wen ◽  
Zhang Dejun ◽  
Yin Xudong ◽  
Chen xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Plantation Forests ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Diversity Metrics

Secondary and plantation forests are the main alternative forests remaining after the deforestation of primary forests. Understanding the conservation value of secondary and plantation forests is important for resource utilization. To explore the impact of forest conversion on biodiversity, we compared multiple diversity metrics (taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity) and community structures of small mammals in the primary, secondary and plantation forests on Mt. Liangshan, Sichuan Province, China. Seven field surveys were conducted to survey local small mammal assemblages between 2016 and 2020. We found that the taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity metrics of small mammals in the three forest types were similar at the landscape scale, while all diversity metrics were lowest in the plantation forest and highest in the primary forests at the site scale. The community structure analysis showed that random processes were dominant across the three forest types, and there was no difference in small mammal community structures among the three forest types. Our results indicated that secondary and plantation forests in the nature reserves, adjacent to the primary forest and exposed to little human disturbance, also can provide important habitats for small mammals.

scholarly journals A comparison of native and non-native small mammals in adjacent karst and volcanic soil regions in NE Luzon, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Volcanic Soils ◽  
Volcanic Soil ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Lowland Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Elevational Range

Small mammal communities that occur in habitats on volcanic soil substrates have been extensively studied on Luzon Island, but those that occur in forest over limestone are poorly known and have not been directly compared to those over volcanic soils. We conducted field surveys of small mammals in forest over limestone from ca. 100 m to 590 m elevation in the vicinity of Callao Cave, and in adjacent lowland dipterocarp forest over volcanic soil from 490 m to 900 m, near the location of prior surveys from 1300 m to1550 m on Mt. Cetaceo, an extinct volcanic peak in the northern Sierra Madre range. Despite moderately heavy disturbance to the habitats over karst (limestone) and moderate disturbance to forest over volcanic soils, we found native small mammals overall at levels of species richness and abundance similar to what we have documented elsewhere on Luzon over the same elevational range. Non-native mammals were present at all localities in the karstic habitat but were absent in all types of forest over volcanic soils, even in areas recovering from prior disturbance. Although non-natives were moderately common in karstic areas, they rarely were more common than native species, and non-native species were no more successful at invading the disturbed karstic habitat than the native species were at persisting there. The most abundant small mammal in dipterocarp forest over volcanic soil (Apomys sierra) was absent in karstic localities, despite occurring in adjacent areas at overlapping elevation. Overall, the difference between small mammals in karst and lowland dipterocarp forest was mainly due to species composition rather than total abundance. Comparisons with data from a prior study on the upper slopes of Mt. Cetaceo showed that total native species abundance was highest in montane and mossy forest, typically about three times higher than in lowland dipterocarp forest. We confirmed the current presence of one species, Apomys microdon, reported as a fossil from Callao Cave, but the apparent absence of one other, Batomys sp.; both were from deposits dated as ca. 65,000 BP. We also summarize information about large mammals in the study areas. Further study of mammals in the distinctive forest over limestone is clearly needed. KEYWORDS: biodiversity, biogeography, Cagayan Valley, disturbed forest, elevation, fossils, Muridae, Sierra Madre, Soricidae

scholarly journals Contribution of Root Respiration to Soil Respiration during Rainy Season in Dry Dipterocarp Forest, Northern Thailand

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Punlop Intanil ◽  
Montri Sanwangsri ◽  
Anusorn Boonpoke ◽  
Phongthep Hanpattanakit
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Dry Dipterocarp Forest

Soil respiration (Rs) plays a key role in regulating the terrestrial carbon cycle. The nature of this role is determined by the different responses of root respiration (Rr) and microbial respiration (Rm) to environmental factors such as precipitation, soil moisture and temperature. Understanding these responses is fundamental to improving our predictions of climate change impacts on carbon cycling processes. In this study, the ratio of root respiration to soil respiration (Rr/Rs) was studied to improve our understanding of soil CO2emissions. The study aimed to improve our knowledge of Rr in relation to rainy season soil environmental factors in a dry dipterocarp forest in northern Thailand. With values of Rrranging from 41.04-61.97 mgCO2m-2h-1, with a Rr/Rsratio from 23-48%,the results suggest that soil moisture was a main driver for emitted CO2from Rr while soil temperature was only weakly related with Rr during the rainy season. However, longer-term studies are needed, including measurements of root biomass to improve accuracy and understanding of the dynamics of root respiration and their linkages with CO2emissions.

scholarly journals Effects of Land Use Change and Seasonality of Precipitation on Soil Nitrogen in a Dry Tropical Forest Area in the Western Llanos of Venezuela

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Francisca González-Pedraza ◽  
Nelda Dezzeo
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Soil N Mineralization ◽  
Nitrate Losses

We evaluated changes of different soil nitrogen forms (total N, available ammonium and nitrate, total N in microbial biomass, and soil N mineralization) after conversion of semideciduous dry tropical forest in 5- and 18-year-old pastures (YP and OP, resp.) in the western Llanos of Venezuela. This evaluation was made at early rainy season, at end rainy season, and during dry season. With few exceptions, no significant differences were detected in the total N in the three study sites. Compared to forest soils, YP showed ammonium losses from 4.2 to 62.9% and nitrate losses from 20.0 to 77.8%, depending on the season of the year. In OP, the ammonium content increased from 50.0 to 69.0% at the end of the rainy season and decreased during the dry season between 25.0 and 55.5%, whereas the nitrate content increased significantly at early rainy season. The net mineralization and the potentially mineralizable N were significantly higherP<0.05in OP than in forest and YP, which would indicate a better quality of the substrate in OP for mineralization. The mineralization rate constant was higher in YP than in forest and OP. This could be associated with a reduced capacity of these soils to preserve the available nitrogen.

scholarly journals Estimating Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis Kerr, 1792 (Carnivora: Felidae) density in a degraded tropical forest fragment in northeastern Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 13448-13458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wyatt Joseph Petersen ◽  
Tommaso Savini ◽  
Robert Steinmetz ◽  
Dusit Ngoprasert
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Dry Evergreen Forest ◽  
Leopard Cat ◽  
Prionailurus Bengalensis ◽  
Dry Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Northeastern Thailand

The Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis is thought to be Asia’s most abundant wild cat.  Yet, the species’ status is poorly known due to a lack of rigorous population estimates.  Based on the few studies available, Leopard Cats appear to be more abundant in degraded forests, potentially due to increased prey availability.  We conducted camera trap surveys, rodent live-trapping, and spatially-explicit capture-recapture analyses to estimate the density of Leopard Cats within a degraded tropical forest fragment (148km2) in northeastern Thailand.  A total effort of 12,615 camera trap nights across 65km2 of trapping area resulted in at least 25 uniquely identified individuals.  Average rodent biomass (the main prey of Leopard Cats) was highest in the dry evergreen forest (469.0g/ha), followed by dry dipterocarp forest (287.5g/ha) and reforested areas (174.2g/ha).  Accordingly, Leopard Cat densities were highest in the dry evergreen forest with 21.42 individuals/100km2, followed by the reforested areas with 7.9 individuals/100km2.  Only two detections came from the dry dipterocarp forest despite both an extensive survey effort (4,069 trap nights) and available prey.  Although the dipterocarp supported the second highest average rodent biomass, it lacked a key prey species, Maxomys surifer, possibly explaining low encounter rates in that habitat.  Our results provide important baseline information concerning the population status of Leopard Cat in southeastern Asia.  Further, our findings corroborate with other studies that found a tolerance among Leopard Cats for degraded forests, highlighting the potential for forest fragments to serve as long-term conservation areas for the species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document