scholarly journals Diversity of Pseudoscorpiones (Arthropoda: Arachnida) in two fragments of dry tropical forest in the colombian Caribbean region

Caldasia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
Eduardo Villarreal ◽  
Neis Martínez ◽  
Catalina Romero-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Collection Methods

The Dry Tropical Forest (DTF) is one of the most diverse yet threatened biomes of Colombia. There is limited information about the richness of the order Pseudoscorpiones (Arachnida) in this ecosystem in the country. Pseudoscorpions are ecologically interesting, as they may be good indicators of habitat conservation. However, it is still necessary to gather more knowledge related to its spatio-temporal variation. In this study, pseudoscorpion diversity variation was assessed in two fragments of the Dry Tropical Forest in the Caribbean region of Colombian: Reserva Campesina La Montaña (RCM) and Reserva La Flecha (RLF). Four samplings were carried out between March and September of 2016 to include the dry and rainy season. Pseudoscorpions were collected using litter sifting (SL) and manual capture (MC). A total of 260 individuals belonging to five families and eight species were collected. The most abundant was Pachyolpium granulatum (Olpiidae) and the richest family was Chernetidae. The collection methods were effective and complementary. Spatial variation was significant, but no temporal variation was observed however, there was a marked difference between the abundance at RCM in the dry season and the rainy season. In contrast, at RLF most individuals were found in the dry season in comparison with the rainy season. These new faunistic data is the first of its order in the Atlántico and Bolívar department.

scholarly journals Diversity of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the Caribbean region of Colombia: temporal variation between two fragments of tropical dry forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly García ◽  
Neis José Martínez ◽  
Juan Pablo Botero
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
True Diversity ◽  
Longhorned Beetles ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract: The tropical dry forest is under constant threat from many anthropic activities which are conducted indiscriminately, modifying the forest, and therefore, affecting species that are closely related to its phenology, such as longhorned beetles (Cerambycidae). The spatio-temporal variation of the cerambycid diversity in two fragments of tropical dry forest (Reserva Campesina la Montaña and La Flecha) in the Caribbean region of Colombia was analyzed. At each locality, four squared plots were delimited, and the beetles were collected with fruit traps, beating sheets and manual capture, and with light traps in the center. Five hundred eighty-seven specimens representing 128 species were collected, of which members of the tribe Ectenessini (Cerambycinae) were the most abundant. At the subfamily level, Cerambycinae was the most abundant (465 specimens) and diverse (73 species), followed by Lamiinae and Prioninae. The highest values of richness (110 species), abundance (428), biomass (21.18 g), and as well as the highest values of true diversity (1D= 73.44, 2D= 34.30) were found during the first precipitations. Regarding beta diversity, temporal variation was determined and mainly explained by a high percentage of turnover (> 70%). Lastly, the high diversity of Cerambycidae was associated with high values of relative humidity and canopy cover during the rainy season. This showed that the structure of the cerambycid community in the tropical dry forest of the Caribbean region of Colombia depends on these variables, which are closely related to precipitation.

scholarly journals Effects of Land Use Change and Seasonality of Precipitation on Soil Nitrogen in a Dry Tropical Forest Area in the Western Llanos of Venezuela

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Francisca González-Pedraza ◽  
Nelda Dezzeo
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Soil N Mineralization ◽  
Nitrate Losses

We evaluated changes of different soil nitrogen forms (total N, available ammonium and nitrate, total N in microbial biomass, and soil N mineralization) after conversion of semideciduous dry tropical forest in 5- and 18-year-old pastures (YP and OP, resp.) in the western Llanos of Venezuela. This evaluation was made at early rainy season, at end rainy season, and during dry season. With few exceptions, no significant differences were detected in the total N in the three study sites. Compared to forest soils, YP showed ammonium losses from 4.2 to 62.9% and nitrate losses from 20.0 to 77.8%, depending on the season of the year. In OP, the ammonium content increased from 50.0 to 69.0% at the end of the rainy season and decreased during the dry season between 25.0 and 55.5%, whereas the nitrate content increased significantly at early rainy season. The net mineralization and the potentially mineralizable N were significantly higherP<0.05in OP than in forest and YP, which would indicate a better quality of the substrate in OP for mineralization. The mineralization rate constant was higher in YP than in forest and OP. This could be associated with a reduced capacity of these soils to preserve the available nitrogen.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variations of Hydrochemical and Microbial Characteristics in Karst Water in Samcheok, South Korea

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3407
Author(s):  
Han-Sun Ryu ◽  
Heejung Kim ◽  
Jin-Yong Lee ◽  
Jiwook Jang ◽  
Sangwook Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This study analyzed the hydrochemical characteristics and microbial communities of karst water in Samcheok, Korea, and compared water quality results to identify the seasonal characteristics and hydrogeological connectivity of the study areas of Hamaengbang-ri, Gyogok-ri, Yeosam-ri, and the downtown area of Samcheok. Field survey and water quality analysis were performed in July 2019, February 2020, and April 2020. Hydrochemical analysis of karst water (groundwater and surface water) showed that most samples were comprised of Ca-HCO3 and that water–rock interactions were a dominant factor compared to precipitation and evaporation (crystallization). For seasonal characteristics, water–rock interactions appeared more active in the dry season than in the rainy season. Calcite weathering was dominant in the dry season, whereas dolomite weathering dominated the rainy season. Moreover, the saturation indexes for the dry and rainy seasons were less than and greater than 0, respectively, corresponding to an unsaturation (oversaturation) state; thus, white precipitate distributed in the study areas was deposited in the rainy season. Finally, as a result of analyzing the hydraulic characteristics between regions, hydrogeological similarities were identified between Hamaengbang-ri and Yeosam-ri, and between Gyogok-ri and downtown Samcheok, which suggested hydrogeological connectivity between each of the pairs.

scholarly journals What drives the spatial distribution and dynamics of local species richness in tropical forest?

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1863) ◽  
pp. 20171503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Wiegand ◽  
Felix May ◽  
Martin Kazmierczak ◽  
Andreas Huth
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Neutral Theory ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Demographic Stochasticity ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Understanding the structure and dynamics of highly diverse tropical forests is challenging. Here we investigate the factors that drive the spatio-temporal variation of local tree numbers and species richness in a tropical forest (including 1250 plots of 20 × 20 m 2 ). To this end, we use a series of dynamic models that are built around the local spatial variation of mortality and recruitment rates, and ask which combination of processes can explain the observed spatial and temporal variation in tree and species numbers. We find that processes not included in classical neutral theory are needed to explain these fundamental patterns of the observed local forest dynamics. We identified a large spatio-temporal variability in the local number of recruits as the main missing mechanism, whereas variability of mortality rates contributed to a lesser extent. We also found that local tree numbers stabilize at typical values which can be explained by a simple analytical model. Our study emphasized the importance of spatio-temporal variability in recruitment beyond demographic stochasticity for explaining the local heterogeneity of tropical forests.

scholarly journals Ectoparasitic flies (Diptera, Streblidae) on bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) in a dry tropical forest in the northern Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Alonso Durán de la Ossa ◽  
Deivys Moises Álvarez García ◽  
Gustavo Graciolli
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
First Report ◽  
New Associations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Host Parasite

This work represents the first report of host-parasite associations between flies of the family Streblidae and their host bats in the Colombian Caribbean region. Specimens were collected in a dry tropical forest in the Sucre department. A total of 17 species (eight genera) of Streblidae, as well as 19 species from five bat families were recorded. Strebla mirabilis, Trichobius costalimai, Trichobius parasiticus and Paradyschiria parvuloides were the most abundant ectoparasites. Prevalence of ectoparasites on bat assemblage was 48.57%. In nine bat species, more than one Streblidae species were recorded. Trichobius costalimai had the greatest number of host species. We have found remarkable new associations between Artibeus planirostris and Trichobius costalimai, Lophostoma silvicolum and Strebla mirabilis, as well as Lophostoma silvicolum and Trichobius parasiticus.

scholarly journals Temporal variation in the phytoplankton community of Acapulco Bay, Mexico

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín A. Rojas-Herrera ◽  
Juan Violante Gonzalez ◽  
Sergio García-Ibáñez ◽  
Víctor M.G. Sevilla-Torres ◽  
Jaime S. Gil-Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Oceanic Environments

<p>Species composition and abundance of the phytoplankton community in Acapulco Bay, Mexico, were studied from May to December 2009. Samples were collected at 5 stations (4 coastal and 1 oceanic) at 3 depths (1, 5 and 10 m). Eighty-seven species were identified: 54 dinoflagellates, 32 diatoms and 1 silicoflagellate. The community was structured mainly by adiaphoric species, that is, species adapted to both neritic and oceanic environments. Species abundance and composition varied significantly during the sampling period due to increased nutrient concentrations in the rainy season. Dinoflagellate species were more abundant during the dry season, and diatom species dominated numerically during the rainy season.</p>

The small-mammal community of a dry-tropical forest in central Thailand

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Walker ◽  
Alan Rabinowitz
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Dry Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Central Thailand

ABSTRACTSmall mammal live-trapping was carried out in a dry tropical forest mosaic in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, central Thailand. Trapping was done in two forest types in three seasons.Maxomys surijerwas the dominant species in both plots. The three most abundant species in each plot accounted for &gt; 90% of all captures. Community structure, density, relative abundance, biomass, age structure of populations, and habitat usage of some small mammal species varied by forest type and season. The dry evergreen/mixed deciduous forest type supported a greater abundance and biomass of small mammals than the mixed deciduous/dry dipterocarp forest type in all seasons, although species richness was the same. The greatest density, biomass, and home-range size forMaxomys surijeroccurred in the rainy season in both forest types. Seasonal changes in ratios of adults and subadulls of several species suggested a breeding peak at the end of the dry season or beginning of the rainy season. The mixed deciduous/dry dipterocarp forest showed a drastic drop in numbers, density, and biomass of small mammals six weeks after a fire burned through it.

scholarly journals Assessment of Air Pollution in Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. p38
Author(s):  
Bernard Tarza Tyubee ◽  
Grace Hembadoon Yiyeh ◽  
Monday Akpegi Onah
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Town Center ◽  
The Town ◽  
Mean Concentration

The study assessed the spatio-temporal and seasonal variation in the concentration of CO, NO2­, SO2 and PM10 in Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria. Data on the air pollutants were collected at four points between 8:00am-10:00am and 3:00pm-5:00pm daily, from 16th January to 24th February (dry season) and 5th June to 14th July (rainy season) in 2017 using Gasman hand-held gas monitors. Data were analysed using mean, coefficient of variation (CV) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result showed highest and lowest mean concentrations of CO of 21.86ppm (rainy season) and 17.00ppm (dry season) in the town center (Point 2, GBKC) and 2.46ppm (rainy season) and 2.45ppm (dry season) in the suburb (Point 1, YRA). The mean concentrations of CO, NO2 and SO2 were higher in rainy season, and the mean concentration of PM10 was higher in dry season, with the mean concentrations of NO2, SO2 and PM10 higher than the national acceptable levels in both seasons. The spatial variation in concentration of the air pollutants was significant with respect to land use/land cover types than seasons. There should be regular monitoring of air quality as the population and human activities increase in the town.

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