Accidents and travel

1982 ◽  
Vol 82 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
J. K. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Fear Of Flying ◽  
Aircraft Accidents ◽  
Travel Abroad ◽  
Aircraft Accident ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

SynopsisThis paper considers the hazards of getting to and from one's destination; the subject of accidents occurring as part of a holiday is too broad for present consideration.The symposium is mainh concerned with travel abroad but, since one has to reach the definitive means of travel, the epidemiology of road traffic accidents is first considered. An unusually optimistic view is taken of the current position as regards fatalities. Emphasis is placed on the importance of recent legislation in the prevention of injury. Overall, the chances of being killed on the roads are now not much greater than those of suffering an accidental death in the home. The effect of alcohol and common drugs on the holiday motorist are discussed and mention is made of the hazards of carbon monoxide poisoning.Death and injury due to travel by boat or train is so unusual as to eliminate them from useful discussion and most interest probably centres on the accidental hazards of air travel.The major anomaly here is that, on a passenger-mile basis, the worldwide chances of being killed in an accident involving a scheduled air carrier are about the same as for travelling on British Rail. The relationship of aircraft accidents to fatalities is discussed and reasons advanced for the remarkable improvement in both. Potentially survivable accidents are commonest at take off and landing. It is in such accidents that the hazard of fire is of maximal importance though adequate restraint is also highly significant. Suggestions are made for increased safety.The wholly fatal accident is commonly associated with a catastrope in flight and some of the dangers of exposure to high altitude are considered. There is considerable public interest in sabotage as a cause of aircraft accident and its incidence is briefly considered. The overall message is that air travel is quite remarkably safe and that the unduly widespread fear of flying is related, in the main, to the publicity which inevitably surrounds the occasional disaster.

Trends in the Epidemiology of Injuries Due to Road Traffic Accidents in Papua New Guinea

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Jayasuriya
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The trends of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) in PNG illustrate a rapidly growing problem for developing countries. In this paper data of a time series for twenty years are analyzed to ascertain the trends in main indicators and injury rates. The relationship of injuries to road users and type of vehicle highlights the problems of passengers of utility vehicles and buses. An emerging problem of RTA due to use of light coaches for passenger transport is highlighted. The need for behavioral interventions and tighter regulations is argued.

INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONS UNDER THE AGE OF EIGHTEEN ON DRIVING A VEHICLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Н.М. Кузнецова
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Traffic Violations ◽  
The Relationship

В статье отражены статистические сведения, характеризующие состояние дорожно-транспортной аварийности, в том числе из-за нарушения правил дорожного движения водителями в возрасте 16-19 лет, рассмотрены взаимосвязь и влияние психофизиологических особенностей на управление транспортным средством у лиц, не достигших 18-летнеговозраста. The article reflects statistical information characterizing the state of road traffic accidents including those due to traffic violations by drivers aged 16-19 years, traced the relationship and influence of psychophysiological characteristics on driving a vehicle in persons under 18 years of age.

scholarly journals Noise and Air Pollution Related to Health in Urban Environments

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Montes-González ◽  
Rosendo Vílchez-Gómez ◽  
Juan Miguel Barrigón-Morillas ◽  
Pedro Atanasio-Moraga ◽  
Guillermo Rey-Gozalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
European Environmental Agency ◽  
Environmental Health Risk ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Environmental noise is a pollutant considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a threat to public health due to its harmful effects on human health. In this regard, the European Environmental Agency (EEA) indicates that road traffic is the sound source that generates the greatest number of people exposed in Europe to sound levels above what is recommended by the European Noise Directive. In a similar way, the EEA also reports that air pollution is the most important environmental health risk in Europe, where road traffic is one of the main sources of emission of polluting gases. The relationship between both pollutants, leads to think about the development of common strategies. This paper presents a review on recent researches about the relationship of these two types of pollution in urban environments with different types of diseases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of maxillofacial injury in the central part of Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Biswari ◽  
A Khanal ◽  
P Gupta ◽  
P Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Type Site ◽  
Dental Injuries ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Animal Attack ◽  
Gender Type

An evaluation of dental and maxillofacial trauma in College of Medical Sciences, Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal was carried out to assess the causes of trauma and the relationship between the injuries to the Patient's Age, Gender, Type, Site of injury and the Influence of Alcohol from June 1, 2008 to May 31, 2011. Files of 1986 trauma patients were reviewed. Maxillofacial or dental injuries were observed in 269 (13.54%) of the trauma patients, caused by road traffic accidents 173 (64.3%), fall injury 43 (16.0%), physical assault 25 (9.3%), animal attack 9 (3.3%) and sport injury 19 (7.1%) Men were hospitalized almost three times more than women, most common site of injury was dentoalveolar fracture 79(29.37%) young people were at greater risk. The most frequent age of trauma was 15-29 years (51.7%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i3.6702 Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2011, Vol-7, No-3, 11-16  

Heartfelt Driving: Discourses on Manners, Safety, and Emotion in Japan's Era of Mass Motorization

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Hotaka Roth
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Social Management ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
School Curricula

This paper explores the contradictory discourses on manners, safety and emotion that arose with mass motorization in Japan in the 1960s and which continue through the present. It documents the way in which multiple government entities end up working at cross-purposes in their attempts to cultivate safer drivers and slow the epidemic of traffic accidents. On the one hand, the discourse on driving manners suggests a widespread embrace of the Traffic Bureau's and other government agencies' concern with safety. On the other hand, the emphasis on manners may lead to angrier driving, which promotes accidents according to psychological studies of driving. The picture that emerges is one in which attempts at social control are complicated by the often unpredictable emotional reactions of subjects caught in a web of institutional and ideological processes. By exploring the relationship of emotion to driving school curricula and the discourse on manners, this article extends previous studies of self, social control, and social management in Japan.

scholarly journals Driving Culture in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Shirin Saeidi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
The Relationship

Driving Culture in Iran creatively explores the relationship between legalculture and citizenry formation in post-revolutionary Iran. Banakar focusseson driving customs and explanations for citizens’ disregard of trafficlaws, demonstrating that the exceptionally high rates of road accidents andlack of law abidance is due to the complex cultural and political climate. Themonograph argues that the state’s propaganda machine promotes revolutionaryzeal but in a context where people are penalized if they dissent (3). Consequently, dissension becomes a tool for control, setting into motionmultiple forms of internal conflict which are reflected in the way Iraniansrelate to one another as well as in increasing rates of road traffic accidents(4). The originality of the study rests in its exploration of political life atthe juncture of law and culture. Through his analysis of the unintendedcultural outcomes of the legal structure in Iran, Banakar contributes to ourunderstanding of citizenship formation in hybrid and religiously chargedregimes. In particular, the book illustrates how citizens’ distrust of the statecan have deadly consequences on Iran’s roads. The monograph will be ofinterest to academics and other professionals working on the Middle East,Islam, and from a multitude of disciplinary perspectives ...

scholarly journals Analisis Perilaku Pengemudi Truk Serta Kontribusinya Pada Kecelakaan

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Budi Dwi Hartanto
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRAKIn Indonesia, the death rate due to road traffic accidents is still quite high, with some of these accidents involving trucks. Several studies stated that the main cause of traffic accidents is human error. Therefore, research related to the behavior of truck drivers and their contribution to accidents is necessary.There are four variables used in this study, namely green driver (X1), multitasking driving (X2), aggressive driving (Y), and accidents (Z). Path analysis is used to describe the relationship and influence between variables.The results of the analysis show that the green driver variable and the multitasking driving variable simultaneously have a direct effect on aggressive driving behavior, but the two variables have no direct effect on the level of accident risk. Green drivers and multitasking driving have an indirect effect on the level of accident risk through the level of aggressive driving behavior which functions as an intervening variable.ABSTRAKDi Indonesia tingkat kematian yang diakibatkan  kecelakaan lalu lintas jalan masih cukup tinggi, dimana sebagian dari kecelakaan tersebut melibatkan kendaraan angkutan barang (truk). Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa penyebab utama terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas adalah human error. Oleh sebab maka penelitian terkait dengan perilaku pengemudi truk serta kontribusinya pada kecelakaaan perlu untuk dilakukan.Terdapat empat variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu variabel usia muda serta minim pengalaman (X1), mengemudi dalam kondisi multitasking (X2), mengemudi secara agresif (Y), dan potensi terjadinya kecelakaan (Z). Untuk menggambarkan hubungan dan pengaruh antar variabel digunakan analisis jalur (path analysis).Dari hasil analisis diketahui bahwa variabel usia muda serta minim pengalaman dan variabel mengemudi dalam kondisi multitasking secara simultan berpengaruh langsung terhadap perilaku mengemudi agresif, namun kedua variabel tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap tingkat resiko kecelakaan. Usia muda serta minim pengalaman dan mengemudi dalam kondisi multitasking berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap tingkat resiko kecelakaan melalui tingkat perilaku mengemudi agresif yang berfungsi sebagai variabel intervening

scholarly journals Persepsi antara Risiko Keselamatan Berkendaraan dengan Perilaku Pemakaian Safety Belt pada Driver Truk

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Muhamad Bob Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Perception Of Safety ◽  
Safety Belt ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Safety Belts ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Deaths and injuries from traffic accidents have become health problems for people throughout the world including Indonesia. The saddest data from the victims who died due to traffic accidents found that 10,428 people were killed in 2017 because the drivers did not use seat belts. This research aims to see the relationship between the perception of safety risk i.e. the ability, knowledge and environmental factors with the behavior of the use of safety belts in truck drivers in mining companies. This research is a comparative causal research i.e. research that states the relationship of one variable causes other variables. What is affected is the dependent variable, namely the use of safety belt behavior and the influencing variable is the independent variable, namely the perception of the risk of driving safety. Participants are 25 mining company truck drivers. The data obtained is then processed and analyzed using the SPSS version 16. Based on the results of data processing and analysis, it is found that the ability, knowledge and work environment factors have an influence on the safety belt usage behavior.

REDUCTION OF RETAIL TRADE IN ALCOHOLIC PRODUCTS AS A FACTOR OF REDUCING THE NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS ON THE ROADS OF RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Т.М. Мазурчук ◽  
К.К. Беляева ◽  
А. Чосович
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
The Relationship

В научной публикации изучаются показатели реализации алкоголя в розничной торговле и статистики по дорожно-транспортным происшествиям в России. Употребление алкоголя как пешеходами, так и водителями транспортного средства является одним из основных факторов возникновения дорожно-транспортных происшествий на автомобильных дорогах во всем мире. Поэтому цель работы заключается в определении зависимости между объемами реализации алкогольной продукции в розничной торговле и динамикой дорожно-транспортных происшествий на дорогах России. Для выявления зависимости между исследуемыми показателями в статье используются методы сравнительного и корреляционного анализа, экспертных оценок, а также метод выделения главной. Научной базой исследования послужили публикации российских экспертов, сведения международных организаций, нормативно-правовые документы,данные Министерства здравоохранения и Министерства внутренних дел РФ. The scientific publication examines the indicators of alcohol sales in the retail trade and statistics on road traffic accidents in Russia. Alcohol consumption is a major contributor to road traffic accidents around the world, both by pedestrians and drivers. Therefore, the aim of the work, the authors set themselves to determine the relationship between the volume of sales of alcoholic beverages in retail trade and the dynamics of road accidents on the roads of Russia. To identify the relationship between the studied indicators, the article uses the methods of comparative and correlation analyzes the method of expert assessments, as well as the method of highlighting the main one. The scientific basis of the study was the publications of Russian experts, data from international organizations, regulatory documents, data from the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Death from a driverless vehicle

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Das ◽  
Ritesh G Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Traffic Fatalities ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Road traffic accidents are a major cause of fatalities around the world, and a number of deaths are caused by moving traffic on public roads. Deaths from vehicles that are off the highway may be called non-traffic fatalities which can be due to a vehicle reversing, carbon monoxide poisoning, weather-induced over-heating inside the vehicle and electric windows. Children (and animals) are the usual victims. We report a case from India where a man was found lying dead by the roadside with a lorry nearby. The autopsy findings indicated that he had been run over, but as there was no history of a vehicular collision and with no eyewitnesses, the investigators were unsure of the probable sequence of events that led to his death. The autopsy findings, history, circumstantial evidence and chemical analysis enabled us to work out what had happened.

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