Scotland's energy demands

1987 ◽  
Vol 92 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
D. J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Present Position ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Future ◽  
Recent Trends

SynopsisThe main features of energy demand in Scotland are described and compared, in respect of total energy use and the shares supplied by the different fuels, with the figures for the United Kingdom and other countries. Recent trends in demand are examined to illustrate how the present position has been reached and factors likely to influence each fuel's share in the future are outlined. The role of the energy industries themselves is discussed and the scope for new initiatives by these industries indicated.

THE POLITICAL FUTURE OF SCOTLAND AND NORTHERN IRELAND. TWO WAYS – ONE CHOICE?

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
M. A. Mosora
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
The Political ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Current State ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
The Future

The article analyzes the features of the politicization of the Scotland and Northern Ireland at the present stage. The basic identifiers for the com­munities in these regions are revealed. The important role of devolution pol­icy in the political relations of the Center with regions in the United Kingdom is justified. Emphasis is placed on the exceptional importance of Brexit in the context of strengthening the separation of the Scotland and Northern Ireland. It is marked common and distinctive features of both regions in the vision of the political future. The current state of the factors contributing to separatism in both regions is compared. Estimates of the likelihood of increased separa­tion movements in the Scotland and Northern Ireland in the future are given.

The role of Jean Monnet

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Mayne
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Future ◽  
Lytton Strachey ◽  
United Kingdom Government

The future historian of European integration is likely to suffer from a surplus of documentation and a shortage of facts. If a certain kind of ignorance, as Lytton Strachey once remarked, is essential to the writing of intelligible history, it has little hope of survival amid the vast accumulation of newspaper cuttings, official statistics, policy speeches, annual reports and statesmen's memoirs with which the present-day scholar must contend. One expert has calculated that ‘the volume of official documents produced by the United Kingdom Government and its agencies during the six war years 1939–45 equalled, in cubic content, the volume of all previous archives of the United Kingdom and of its constituent kingdoms England and Scotland that had survived down to the date of the outbreak of war.’

The Education of the General Practitioner in the United Kingdom

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191
Author(s):  
J. P. Horder
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Training Schemes ◽  
Important Branch

Despite recent trends toward specialization, general practice will continue as an important branch of medical care in the United Kingdom. The role of the general practitioner is briefly discussed in this article and it is emphasized that physicians must be specifically and urgently instructed for this role as young postgraduates. This requires that some teaching of undergraduates take place in the setting of general practice; the limited aims of this teaching are listed. The main purpose of the article is to describe the aims and the outline syllabus for the training of general practitioners in the early postgraduate period. These aims have begun to be achieved in the last few years in this country. The present state of three–year postgraduate training schemes is reviewed and problems yet unsolved are discussed.

A House for the Future: Debating Second Chamber Reform in the United Kingdom

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-344
Author(s):  
David E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Parliamentary Democracies ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
Responsible Government ◽  
The Future ◽  
Anglo American

The publication of the report of the royal commission on the Reform of the House of Lords, A House for the Future, provides an occasion to look at second chambers and bicameralism in Anglo- American democracies. This limited focus is not for want of subject matter: the Inter-Parliamentary Union reports that of 178 parliamentary democracies in 1996, 58 were bicameral. Nor is the subject of second chambers, while never popular, a neglected area of inquiry at present. In fact, more has been published on the topic in the past four years than at any time in recent memory. The reason for focusing on Anglo-American countries is that they are the democracies where upper chambers are being transformed today. In response to events unique to themselves, Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom have of late looked beyond responsible government as traditionally defined and begun to examine the role of their second chambers. The United States warrants inclusion because it is the founder of the theory of modern bicameralism.

The availability of gas

1987 ◽  
Vol 92 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
W. R. Probert
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Production Ratio ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Market Fundamentals ◽  
Fierce Competition

SynopsisThis paper considers market fundamentals rather than privatisation, which is largely about organisation. During the last ten years there has been significant growth in the size of the world's remaining proven gas reserves. The proven reserve production ratio has been growing and is now sixty years. Beyond proven reserves there are reserves in the “probable” and “possible” categories. Within Western Europe, gas reserves are principally located in Norway, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Additional reserves are accessible to Western Europe. For the United Kingdom, gas supplies are probably ample in the short to medium term. In the longer term there is likely to be a need for imports but there are various potential suppliers. At the Church House debate in 1976 many were obsessed with “energy gaps”; today's conventional wisdom is “market forces”. Energy forecasts have proved inaccurate, but gas demand has been fairly close to projections. Over the last ten years the role of gas in energy markets has been growing, such that gas is now the major fuel in non-transport energy demand. Gas now dominates the domestic market for energy in Britain. Growth in customers continues in Scotland and the rest of Britain. Nevertheless, there is fierce competition in the domestic market with millions of decisions taken on acquiring and replacing appliances each year. The growing role of gas in Scottish and British industrial and commercial markets is discussed, with faster growth overall in demand in Scotland than Britain as a whole. The recession has had its effect but gas suffered less than some other fuels. Growth in gas demand from industry has resumed. Great emphasis is placed upon improving the efficiency of gas use. Used wisely, an availability of gas is foreseen on a long term basis.

scholarly journals Impacts of family household dynamics on residential energy demands in Hebei Province of China

Genus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zeng ◽  
Hanmo Yang ◽  
Zhenglian Wang ◽  
Lan Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
The Future

AbstractThis article presents analyses and projections of the residential energy demands in Hebei Province of China, using the ProFamy extended cohort-component method and user-friendly free software and conventional demographic data as input. The results indicate that the future increase in residential energy demands will be dominated by large increase in small households with 1–2 persons. We found that increase of residential energy demands will be mainly driven by the rapid increase of older adults’ households. Comparisons between residential energy demand projections by household changes and by population changes demonstrate that projections by population changes seriously under-estimate the future residential energy demands. We recommend that China needs to adopt policies to encourage and facilitate older parents and adult children to live together or near-by, and support rural-to-urban family migration. Promoting inter-generation co-residence or living near-by between older parents and young adults would result in a mutually beneficial outcome for both older and younger generations as well as to effectively reduce energy demands. We suggest governments to carefully formulate strategies on efficient residential energy use to cope with the rapid households and population aging, and strengthen data collections/analyses on household residential energy demands for sound policy-making and sustainable development.

The Future of Administrative Justice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Adler
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Future ◽  
Administrative Review ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Administrative Justice

This chapter considers the future of administrative justice. Using the United Kingdom as a case study, it argues that the rise and fall of administrative justice can be likened to the swing of a pendulum. It considers first-instance decision-making, the role of outsourcing, the expanding role of administrative review and its implications for administrative justice, the decline of tribunals and the rise of ombudsmen, the effectiveness of oversight arrangements, and the impact of digitalisation. It concludes that the future of administrative justice in the United Kingdom is unlikely to involve a replay of anything that has been encountered in the past.

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