‘Word-learning wizardry’ at 1;6

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARMEL HOUSTON-PRICE ◽  
KIM PLUNKETT ◽  
PAUL HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Preferential Looking ◽  
Learning Conditions

This article explores whether infants are able to learn words as rapidly as has been reported for preschoolers. Sixty-four infants aged 1;6 were taught labels for either two moving images or two still images. Each image–label pair was presented three times, after which comprehension was assessed using an adaptation of the intermodal preferential looking paradigm. Three repetitions of each label were found to be sufficient for learning to occur, fewer than has previously been reported for infants under two years. Moreover, contrary to a previous finding, learning was equally rapid for infants who were taught labels for moving versus still images. The findings indicate that infants in the early stages of acquiring a vocabulary learn new word-referent associations with ease, and that the learning conditions that allow such learning are less restricted that was previously believed.

Analisis Tata Ungkap Dalam Dan Luar Pada Film Animasi Pendek Death Of The Firstborn Egyptians

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Citra Kemala Putri
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Language Theory ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Language System ◽  
Visual Study ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Animated Films

Visual Language is a knowledge that can be used to interpret various images those presented without text. Primadi Tabrani divides this Visual Language into 2 systems, the visual language system called NPM (Naturalist-Perspective-Momenopname) and another visual language system is STP (Space-Time-Plane). At this time which the technological progress has been developing very rapidly, we met many types of images, not just still images, but also moving images such as animated films, one of them is Death Of The Firstborn Egyptians directed by Nina Paley. This research uses qualitative method and uses the Visual Language Theory in analyzing the various visual towards the visuals of this film. The results of a visual study of this film revealed that there was a slice between Modern ‘Tata Ungkap Dalam’ and Traditional ‘Tata Ungkap Dalam’. Meanwhile,  the researh found that Modern ‘Tata Ungkap Luar’ is dominantly use on the film. Thus it can be concluded that the RWD visual language system is not used to produce traditional images only, but also can be combined with NPM visual language system, those could enrich the result of finishing visual.

Vocal production and novel word learning in the first year

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-616
Author(s):  
Marinella MAJORANO ◽  
Tamara BASTIANELLO ◽  
Marika MORELLI ◽  
Manuela LAVELLI ◽  
Marilyn M. VIHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
First Year ◽  
Vocal Production ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Preferential Looking ◽  
Novel Word Learning ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated an effect of early vocal production on infants’ speech processing and later vocabulary. This study focuses on the relationship between vocal production and new word learning. Thirty monolingual Italian-learning infants were recorded at about 11 months, to establish the extent of their consonant production. In parallel, the infants were trained on novel word–object pairs, two consisting of early learned consonants (ELC), two consisting of late learned consonants (LLC). Word learning was assessed through Preferential Looking. The results suggest that vocal production supports word learning: Only children with higher, consistent consonant production attended more to the trained ELC images.

scholarly journals Infants' reliance on shape to generalize novel labels to animate and inanimate objects

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN A. GRAHAM ◽  
DIANE POULIN-DUBOIS
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Shape Similarity ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Object Shape ◽  
Preferential Looking ◽  
Versus Colour ◽  
Novel Words

Two experiments were conducted to examine infants' reliance on object shape versus colour for word generalization to animate and inanimate objects. A total of seventy-three infants aged 1;4 to 1;10 were taught labels for either novel vehicles or novel animals using a preferential looking procedure (Experiment 1) or an interactive procedure (Experiment 2). The results of both experiments indicated that infants limited their word generalization to those exemplars that shared shape similarity with the original referent for both animate and inanimate objects. These findings indicate that a strong reliance on shape is present earlier than previously shown. In Experiment 2, reliance on shape to generalize novel words did not vary as a function of vocabulary size. Thus reliance on shape versus colour for word generalization does not appear to increase in strength as a function of word learning during late infancy.

scholarly journals From Caméra-Stylo to Photobook: On Chris Marker’s Staring Back

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-132
Author(s):  
Jan Baetens
Keyword(s):  
Film Studies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Strong Emphasis ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, the author analyzes Chris Marker’s photography, in particular the project Staring Back (an exhibition and a book, published in 2007), which offers a synthesis in fixed images of the film career of this author who has always explored the blurred boundaries between the still and the moving image (for example in his 1962 cult movie La jetée, or in later photo-films such as Si j’avais quatre dromadaires, 1966, and Le souvenir d’un avenir, with Yannick Bellon, 2001). The author relies on Marker’s notion of the “superluminal” (which refers to a special way of selecting still images out of the flow of moving images) as well as on contemporary and historical discussions on intermediality (inside and outside the domain of film studies alone) and cinephilia (as a specific way of combining writing and filming), to propose a close reading of Staring Back. In this reading, the author places strong emphasis on the political issues around looking and the relationship between artist and model.

scholarly journals Health teaching and behavioural change

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Ted Lankester
Keyword(s):  
Behavioural Change ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Health It ◽  
Health Awareness ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Internet Radio ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Teaching

This chapter discusses health information and raising health awareness. It explains how these feed into behavioural change, both in individuals and in communities, as a key to improving health. It describes ways in which behavioural change can be brought about, starting with transformation in our own attitudes. It outlines materials, equipment, and preparations needed to teach and to improve heath at community level. It describes methods of raising health awareness, such as group discussions, personal teaching at the point of need, flashcards, flipcharts, flannel boards, stories and songs, roleplay, drama, puppets, live examples, still images (slides and digital photographs), moving images (video, DVD, and films), CD-ROMs and the Internet, radio, and TV. It finishes with a section on how to measure the impact of health teaching.

Mutual exclusivity and phonological novelty constrain word learning at 16 months

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 933-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILY MATHER ◽  
KIM PLUNKETT
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mutual Exclusivity ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Preferential Looking ◽  
Novel Objects

ABSTRACTStudies report that infants as young as 1 ; 3 to 1 ; 5 will seek out a novel object in response to hearing a novel label (e.g. Halberda, 2003; Markman, Wasow & Hansen, 2003). This behaviour is commonly known as the ‘mutual exclusivity’ response (Markman, 1989; 1990). However, evidence for mutual exclusivity does not imply that the infant has associated a novel label with a novel object. We used an intermodal preferential looking task to investigate whether infants aged 1 ; 4 could use mutual exclusivity to guide their association of novel labels with novel objects. The results show that infants can successfully map a novel label onto a novel object, provided that the novel label has no familiar phonological neighbours. Therefore, as early as 1 ; 4, infants can use mutual exclusivity to form novel word–object associations, although this process is constrained by the phonological novelty of a label.

Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Religious Tourism on Madura Island, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Rosyida Ekawati ◽  
Desi Puspitasari ◽  
Siti Hanifa
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Semiotic System ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
Multimodal Discourse Analysis ◽  
Multimodal Discourse ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Tourism Promotion ◽  
Religious Tourism

The objective of study is to explore the relationship between visual and verbal elements within the frame of multimodal discourse analysis in Madura tourism promotion. Promotion in the form of moving images with verbal language makes it easier for readers and potential tourists to see tourist attractions more closely and realistically. This study is descriptive qualitative using 3 videos of Madura tourism promotion, in particular tourism promotions of Bangkalan, Pamekasan, and Sampang regencies on Madura Island, Indonesia. Only scene representing religious tourism as the data of this study in which there are 8 data of religious tourism images. There are two parts of data analysis: visual and verbal analyses.  Visual semiotic mode of scenes and images were analyzed using visual grammar by Kress and van Leeuwen (2006).  In addition, verbal data are all of utterances generated during the scenes and the still images were analyzed based on appraisal framework by Martin and White (2005) especially on the attitude system.  Results show that tourism promotional videos use more than one mode of communication or semiotic system elements to create meaning through representational and interactive structures, compositional meanings, and verbal language.  All of the compositions can come together to create messages to the public, in this case information about tourist attractions and their locations that represent the religiosity of Madura.

Fractal Image Coding and Magnification Using Invariant Features

Fractals ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 05 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Götting ◽  
Achim Ibenthal ◽  
Rolf-Rainer Grigat
Keyword(s):  
Image Coding ◽  
Multidimensional Space ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Content Quality ◽  
Fractal Image ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Fractal Image Coding ◽  
Invariant Features ◽  
Affine Transforms

Fractal image coding has significant potential for the compression of still and moving images and also for scaling up images. The objective of our investigations was twofold. First, compression ratios of factor 60 and more for still images have been achieved, yielding a better quality of the decoded picture material than standard methods like JPEG. Second, image enlargement up to factors of 16 per dimension has been realized by means of fractal zoom, leading to natural and sharp representation of the scaled image content. Quality improvements were achieved due to the introduction of an extended luminance transform. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the encoding process, a new class of simple and suited invariant features is proposed, facilitating the search in the multidimensional space spanned by image domains and affine transforms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document