Getting to the root: young writers' sensitivity to the role of root morphemes in the spelling of inflected and derived words

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. HÉLÈNE DEACON ◽  
PETER BRYANT
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Spelling Development ◽  
English Orthography ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
And Control

The English orthography is morphophonemic: spellings encode both morphemes and phonemes. Questions of the starting point and extent of young children's understanding of the link between morphemes and spelling are important for theories of spelling development. We conducted two experiments to address these issues. In Experiment 1, 65 six- to eight-year-old English-speaking children spelled just the first sections of inflected, derived and control words. Their spelling of these first segments was better in inflected and derived words than in control words. The findings were replicated in Experiment 2 with 78 six- to eight-year-old children spelling a greater number of items. These two studies converge on the conclusion that, in specific testing situations, six- to eight-year-old children appreciate the role of root morphemes in the spelling of both inflected and derived words. These results are discussed in relation to current models of spelling development.

scholarly journals Aware Migrants: The role of information campaigns in the management of migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Musarò
Keyword(s):  
Specific Information ◽  
Information Campaign ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Role Of Information

Taking as a starting point studies on the biopolitics of bordering, as well as media studies, this article explores how information campaigns deter potential migrants and refugees from leaving their countries depict them in very specific ways, operating as ‘new bordering practices’ that are in conjunction with extraterritorial border policies. This article probes this question through the example of a specific information campaign – Aware Migrants (2016) – funded by the Italian Government and managed by International Organization for Migration (IOM) to dissuade potential newcomers from attempting the journey across the Mediterranean Sea. As the analysis of Aware Migrants makes clear, it contributes to normalizing a transnational imaginary into a militarized borderscape comprising places of violence and death, exploitation and detention, which is part of the complex dichotomies of care and control, proper of contemporary border regimes. Finally, the article sheds light on how these symbolic bordering practices contribute to nurturing a ‘compassionate repression’ that increasingly and silently legitimizes the difference between the ‘us’ (the figure of the citizen) and the ‘them’ (the figure of the foreigner).

The Irish Role in the Origins of the Old English Alphabet: A Re-assessment

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick P. O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
English Orthography ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
English Alphabet ◽  
The One

This chapter re-examines the role of the Irish in the origins of the Old English alphabet. There are many theories about the Old English alphabet's origins. These include those contained in Karl Luick's Historische Grammatik and E. Sievers and K. Brunner's Altenglische Grammatik, which both offered the view that the model for the Old English alphabet was the Latin alphabet. But the first work to cover Old English orthography was Alistair Campbell's Old English Grammar, which rejected the notion that the Latin alphabet which underlay the Old English alphabet was the one taught by the Irish.

scholarly journals Metonymies and metaphors of sadness in the Old English vocabulary

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-302
Author(s):  
Emilia Castaño Castaño ◽  
Isabel Verdaguer Clavera
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Emotional Information Processing ◽  
Ancient Times

Abstract The aim of this paper is to explore the predominant metonymic and metaphoric conceptualizations of sadness in the Old English period. To this end, the Old English expressions for emotional distress recorded in The Old English Thesaurus and old English dictionaries have been analyzed. Taking as a starting point the experiential grounding of emotion conceptualization, we first present experimental evidence in support of the role of somato-behavioral reactions in emotion recognition, affective state induction and emotional information processing and interpretation, and review the most common metonymic and metaphoric expressions for sadness in Modern English. Next, we analyze the Old English vocabulary for sadness and the interplay between embodiment and culture in the conceptualization and linguistic description of emotional distress. Such analysis makes it clear that in ancient times, as in present day English, sadness and psychological distress were also conceptualized in terms of unpleasant physical conditions such as illness, cold, darkness or heaviness. Consequently, a long-term diachronic trend in the conceptualization of sadness can be traced even though its linguistic realization and motivation have varied through time.

scholarly journals Role of the External Auditor in Reducing Tax Evasion (Field Study- Tax Chamber of Sudan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1519-1526
Author(s):  
Dr. Sherien Mamoun ◽  
Sayed Ahmed Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
External Auditor ◽  
Tax Payments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Shed Light

The study investigated role of external auditor in reducing tax evasion. The problem of the study represented in there is fraud and fraud in tax payments. We find that the tax administration in countries face difficulties that reduce tax revenues and this affects the achievement of the desired goals. Sudan is one of the countries experiencing tax evasion. The study aimed to shed light on the previous studies that dealt with the subject of external auditor and findings to be the starting point for this research, to highlight the importance of external auditor and the role of the external auditor in reducing tax evasion. The importance of the study lies in external auditor and the role played by and contributes to the verification of detection and control tax evasion. The study adopted inductive approach, descriptive analytical approach, and historical approach. The questionnaire used to collect data from taxation chamber of Sudan. To achieve the goals of the study, the following hypotheses were tested: First hypothesis: external auditor contributes to discovering tax evasion, Second hypothesis: external auditor helps in reducing the effects of profit's volume in income statements. The study found that; the external auditor contributes to the disclosure of misleading information intended to be provided by the taxpayer, External auditor helps to detect unjustified expenses and expenses used by the taxpayer. The study recommended several recommendations, among which is that; Dependence on the audited financial statements by a legal auditor in the tax report, Encouraging companies to provide services in return for payment of tax.

Dynamic Modeling and Control: Interdisciplinary Faculty Teamwork and Techniques

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rabb ◽  
David Chang ◽  
John R. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Academic Departments ◽  
Engineering Process ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Control ◽  
Education Process ◽  
Faculty Team

As the future of engineering education emphasizes more interdisciplinary work and more work performed in teams, one logical starting point for this evolution is for faculty from different academic departments to work together. Engineering educators cannot ignore the real world’s shifting focus to interdisciplinary engineering, and they should adapt as well. Similar to the total engineering process as a team effort, the engineering education process also benefits from excellent communications among a diversity of team members. This paper highlights a classical dynamical modeling and controls course with students from two different disciplines: electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. Faculty from both departments teach every semester. Sections are assigned to individual instructors but all activities are planned jointly. Course administration is the role of a course director and this role alternates between the two departments each semester. Responsibilities throughout the semester are shared between the instructors. This organizational structure is important, allowing the interdisciplinary faculty team to synchronize their efforts, each contributing their individual strengths and resources to promote student learning and faculty development. The instructors engage in meaningful dialogue concerning their assignments, lesson preparations, laboratory exercises, and their results. The information flow between instructors from different departments encourages faculty learning by pushing the instructors beyond their own discipline. This paper provides details that illustrate the structure and benefits of the course. Advantages to empowering an interdisciplinary faculty are also described. The approach described allows the students to benefit from the work of an interdisciplinary faculty team enriching the students’ understanding through real world projects and examples that have aspects of multiple disciplines.

Beyond Parroting: Using English Fun Dubbing to Improve English Oral Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
Huiqi Wu ◽  
Jane M. Ekstam
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Oral Performance ◽  
Web Based ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Students Attitudes

Abstract The present paper is a response to the current problematic situation of oral English teaching at the tertiary level in China and the increasing popularity of web-based mobile oral English learning in oral English classes. Our paper focuses on the use of mobile-phone-based educational software known as “English Fun Dubbing” (EFD) and its advantages in terms of teaching and learning phonetics and oral English in the college classroom. The starting point was a needs analysis which revealed the lack of practice regarding English speaking. In this study, an action research method was adopted, involving 40 second-year students, who employed “classroom teaching + English Fun Dubbing” model as the intervention. Extensive examples from this model were used to build up a picture of the blended learning processes at work. Several imitation tasks, a conversational activity and a speech-delivering task were designed and implemented. Direct observation and the results of the questionnaire survey provided the evidence of the improvement in the students’ oral performance. It is our aim to develop the present project to incorporate oral proficiency. The main results of this action research were reflected in the adjustments in the pedagogical treatment, the changes in the role of the teacher and the student, and the shifts in the students’ attitudes towards their learning process.

scholarly journals Political Office and the Rule of Law in Plato’s Statesman

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-417
Author(s):  
Anders Dahl Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Political Office ◽  
And Control ◽  
Constitutional Analysis ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract The article discusses the relation between political office (archē) and the rule of law in Plato’s dialogue Statesman. Taking its starting-point from an observation about the Statesman’s peculiar approach to constitutional analysis, the article argues that what Plato is concerned to show is how the reconceptualisation of the role of law in government proposed in that dialogue has important implications for what we take the role of the institution of office-holding to be. While Greek political tradition held the main aim of archē to be the formal circumscription and control of official power within a constitutional order, Plato insists that it should primarily be understood as ensuring that the exercise of political power approximates, by means of law, the ideal rule by a political expert. The article ends by pointing out how this reading complements another recent discussion of office-holding in the Statesman.

Between Pragmatics and Rehgious Experience. Hugo Tristram Engelhardt's Concept of Bioethics

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Hołub
Keyword(s):  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Medical Doctor ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
Rice University ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Status

Bioethics is a relatively young discipline. Within it, discussion is still taking place concerning the methodological status of the subject. Nevertheless, putting aside this inner aspect of bioethics, one thing appears striking. The short-lived existence of bioethics is surprisingly associated with a great number of bioethical projects, aimed at tackling complex problems, arising in the realm of health care. It seems that the rapid enhancement of biomedical sciences and biotechnologies - carrying with it many moral dilemmas - creates a pressure leading to a new sort of ethical reflection, as well as deepening further existing reflections. Looking more generally and somewhat superficially at existing approaches to bioethical matters, one can distinguish two tendencies. One of them puts forward creating a general ethical system drawing upon a specific notion of morality, and drawing up a set of moral rules and principles. The second one finds its starting point in separate cases, in their analyses, playing down the role of general moral theories. The best example of such an approach is a modern casuistry catching on especially in English speaking countries. The spreading tendency of casuistic analyses does not eliminate the fact that many bioethicists still make an effort to pursue the first of the mentioned trends by building up a general bioethical framework. Hugo Tristram Engelhardt is a good example of such a thinker. He is a medical doctor and philosopher working at Rice University in Houston. In the course of over 30 years of his medical and philosophical research, Engelhardt has outlined two bioethical projects: the project of secular bioethics and the project of Christian bioethics.

Morphogenesis of a New Human Herpes-Type Virus Isolate (Sasha Virus)

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
R. F. Zeigel ◽  
W. Munyon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Embryonic Lung ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Hel Cells ◽  
And Control

In continuing studies on the role of viruses in biochemical transformation, Dr. Munyon has succeeded in isolating a highly infectious human herpes virus. Fluids of buccal pustular lesions from Sasha Munyon (10 mo. old) uiere introduced into monolayer sheets of human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures propagated in Eagles’ medium containing 5% calf serum. After 18 hours the cells exhibited a dramatic C.P.E. (intranuclear vacuoles, peripheral patching of chromatin, intracytoplasmic inclusions). Control HEL cells failed to reflect similar changes. Infected and control HEL cells were scraped from plastic flasks at 18 hrs. of incubation and centrifuged at 1200 × g for 15 min. Resultant cell packs uiere fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium, and post-fixed in aqueous uranyl acetate. Figure 1 illustrates typical hexagonal herpes-type nucleocapsids within the intranuclear virogenic regions. The nucleocapsids are approximately 100 nm in diameter. Nuclear membrane “translocation” (budding) uias observed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document