The effect of metabolisable protein supply at constant energy intake on the liveweight gain of bovines

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
P N Johnson ◽  
E R Deaville
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Constant Energy ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Protein Supply ◽  
Degradable Protein

The metabolisable protein (MP) system (AFRC, 1992), adopted as the official method of describing the protein requirements of ruminants in the UK, introduces the concepts of effective rumen degradable protein (ERDP), digestible undegradable protein (DUP) and fermentable metabolisable energy (FME). For effective protein rationing, the aim is to match the supply of FME and ERDP, and to supply further protein requirements as DUP. This should lead to a better balance of energy and protein to meet the requirements of the animal. Diets are likely to have lower total protein contents than those presently available, leading to reductions in diet costs and nitrogen (N) excretion. The MP system was constructed primarily on a theoretical basis and this experiment was an initial step in validating it for beef cattle.

The effect of metabolisable protein supply at constant energy intake on the liveweight gain of bovines

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
P N Johnson ◽  
E R Deaville
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Constant Energy ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Protein Supply ◽  
Degradable Protein

The metabolisable protein (MP) system (AFRC, 1992), adopted as the official method of describing the protein requirements of ruminants in the UK, introduces the concepts of effective rumen degradable protein (ERDP), digestible undegradable protein (DUP) and fermentable metabolisable energy (FME). For effective protein rationing, the aim is to match the supply of FME and ERDP, and to supply further protein requirements as DUP. This should lead to a better balance of energy and protein to meet the requirements of the animal. Diets are likely to have lower total protein contents than those presently available, leading to reductions in diet costs and nitrogen (N) excretion. The MP system was constructed primarily on a theoretical basis and this experiment was an initial step in validating it for beef cattle.

The response of net milk protein output to metabolisable protein supply in dairy cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
R.J. Mansbridge ◽  
J.A. Metcalf ◽  
J.D. Oldham ◽  
J.S Blake ◽  
J.R. Newbold
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Protein Supply ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Protein Output ◽  
Net Protein ◽  
Matter Basis

The UK Metabolisable Protein (MP) system (AFRC, 1993) assumes that MP intake is converted to milk net protein with an efficiency of 0.68 and that MP for maintenance is 2.30*liveweight0.75. Previous work has indicated that the efficiency of MP use for milk production may be too high or that the amount of MP required for maintenance may be too low (Newbold et al, 1994). This experiment was designed to investigate the relationship between MP supply and net protein output in diets of differing MP to Metabolisable Energy (ME) ratios.Four‘cornerstone’ diets based on grass and maize silage (0.33:0.67 dry matter basis), were formulated to meet ME requirements and either 0.25 above or below MP requirements for either 46 or 24 kg milk/d. A total of 72 multiparous Holstein cows, on average 46 days post calving at the start of the study, were grouped into blocks of 4 cows on the basis of milk energy output in the covariance period. ME and MP requirements for each block of cows were calculated from milk energy and milk protein yield in the covariance period.

scholarly journals 138 Determining Rumen Degradable Protein Requirements in Growing Beef Cattle.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 73-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Klatt ◽  
B N Harsh ◽  
J C McCann
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Degradable Protein

The theoretical background for the effective development of beef raising

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1738-1749
Author(s):  
N.L. Titov ◽  
M.M. Nizamutdinov ◽  
G.S. Klychova
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Cattle Industry ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Cattle Husbandry

Subject. This article explores the theoretical basis of the economic efficiency of production and classifies the performance figures of beef cattle husbandry. Objectives. The article aims to define a system of indicators of beef cattle husbandry economic efficiency. Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis. Conclusions and Relevance. To assess the economic efficiency of agriculture production, it is necessary to use a set of indicators by beef cattle breeding sub-sector. The system of economic performance indicators of production needs to be transformed into a summarizing indicator. The results of the study can be applied in the theory and practice of determining the economic efficiency of the beef cattle industry.

scholarly journals Multi-Component Physical Activity Interventions in the UK Must Consider Determinants of Activity to Increase Effectiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Mark A. Faghy ◽  
Kirsty E. Armstrong-Booth ◽  
Vicki Staples ◽  
Micheal J. Duncan ◽  
Clare M. P. Roscoe
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
School Setting ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Light Activity ◽  
The Uk

Interventions to increase physical activity in children have adopted broad approaches and achieved varying success. There is a need to adopt approaches underpinned with a theoretical basis. Accordingly, the aim here was to implement and evaluate a 12-week intervention designed using the concepts of the COM-B model to determine the effect this has on physical activity levels. One hundred and forty-seven school-age children (mean age 8.9 ± 1.3 years) took part in a 12-week program delivered in a school setting. Topics included physical activity, healthy eating, sleep quality and reducing screen time/sedentary activities when not in school. A sample of participants wore a wrist-worn accelerometer for seven days pre-and post-intervention (N = 11). The physical activity frequency was unchanged (2.9 ± 1.0 AU) when compared with post-intervention values (3.1 ± 0.8 AU, mean increase 6.8 ± 3.7%, p > 0.05). Changes were observed in the daily consumption of fruit and vegetables (pre-intervention 44.6% vs. post-intervention 60.2%, p < 0.05). Sedentary time, light activity, moderate activity and vigorous activity were unchanged post-intervention (p > 0.05). There is a need to adopt a broader approach that incorporates a theoretical basis and considers the complex ways by which physical activity behaviours are influenced.

scholarly journals 127 Predicting Dry Matter Intake of Gestating and Lactating Beef Cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 58-58
Author(s):  
Megan A Gross ◽  
Claire Andresen ◽  
Amanda Holder ◽  
Alexi Moehlenpah ◽  
Carla Goad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Downward Bias ◽  
Protein Supply

Abstract In 1996, the NASEM beef cattle committee developed and published an equation to estimate cow feed intake using results from studies conducted or published between 1979 and 1993 (Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle). The same equation was recommended for use in the most recent version of this publication (2016). The equation is sensitive to cow weight, diet digestibility and milk yield. Our objective was to validate the accuracy of this equation using more recent published and unpublished data. Criteria for inclusion in the validation data set included projects conducted or published within the last ten years, direct measurement of forage intake, adequate protein supply, and pen feeding (no tie stall or metabolism crate data). The validation data set included 29 treatment means for gestating cows and 26 treatment means for lactating cows. Means for the gestating cow data set was 11.4 ± 1.9 kg DMI, 599 ± 77 kg BW, 1.24 ± 0.14 Mcal/kg NEm per kg of feed and lactating cow data set was 14.5 ± 2.0 kg DMI, 532 ± 116.3 kg BW, and 1.26 ± 0.24 Mcal NEm per kg feed, respectively. Non intercept models were used to determine equation accuracy in predicting validation data set DMI. The slope for linear bias in the NASEM gestation equation did not differ from 1 (P = 0.07) with a 3.5% positive bias. However, when the NASEM equation was used to predict DMI in lactating cows, the slope for linear bias significantly differed from 1 (P &lt; 0.001) with a downward bias of 13.7%. Therefore, a new multiple regression equation was developed from the validation data set: DMI= (-4.336 + (0.086427 (BW^.75) + 0.3 (Milk yield)+6.005785(NEm)), (R-squared=0.84). The NASEM equation for gestating beef cows was reasonably accurate while the lactation equation underestimated feed intake.

Inter-laboratory variation in feedstuff evaluation of two contrasting maize silage samples

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 232-232
Author(s):  
D.E. Beever ◽  
S.B. Cammell ◽  
S. Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Advisory Services ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Apparent Variation ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Uk

The importance of feedstuff evaluation as part of ration formulation is recognised by UK farmers, with the number of silage samples analysed increasing annually. These can be undertaken by the UK advisory services or feed companies, with several commercial laboratories offering similar services. However, as discussed by Beever [1993], there is concern over the authenticity of some estimates of feeding value, in relation to the analytical techniques used, the lack of agreed standardised procedures, and the apparent variation in results which exists between laboratories. This study examined the extent of this variation when 2 maize silage samples were independently analysed by 9 different laboratories, and compared laboratory based estimates of metabolisable energy [ME] contents with those derived by feeding the same diets to lactating cows.

Development of equation to predict the net protein requirements for growth of Zebu beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.A.S. Silva ◽  
P. Del Bianco Benedeti ◽  
B.C. Silva ◽  
M.V.C. Pacheco ◽  
L.A. Godoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Net Protein

Effect of Different Cereal:Forage Ratio and Protein Degradability on The Performance and Blood Metabolites of Iranian Sangsarri Lambs

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 85-85
Author(s):  
M. Danesh Mesgaran ◽  
G.H. Ieeragian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Ruminal Protein Degradability ◽  
Degradable Protein ◽  
Protein Degradability

The effects of carbohydrate-rich supplements on animal production are dependent on the type and proportion of supplement to basal diet (Obara et al., 1991). This supplementation should optimise the effective rumen degradable protein and fermentable metabolisable energy supply to the rumen and provide sufficient metabolisable protein to balance animal requirement (AFRC, 1992). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the feeding increased amount of ruminal available carbohydrate (RAC) in different ruminal protein degradability (PD) on Iranian Sangsarri lamb performance and blood metabolites.

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