PHAX-SCAN: Functional integration of a Scanning Electron Microscope and an energy-dispersive x-ray analyser

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
Marc H. Peeters ◽  
Max T. Otten
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Speed Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Over the past decades, the combination of energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays and scanning electron microscopy has proved to be a powerful tool for fast and reliable elemental characterization of a large variety of specimens. The technique has evolved rapidly from a purely qualitative characterization method to a reliable quantitative way of analysis. In the last 5 years, an increasing need for automation is observed, whereby energy-dispersive analysers control the beam and stage movement of the scanning electron microscope in order to collect digital X-ray images and perform unattended point analysis over multiple locations.The Philips High-speed Analysis of X-rays system (PHAX-Scan) makes use of the high performance dual-processor structure of the EDAX PV9900 analyser and the databus structure of the Philips series 500 scanning electron microscope to provide a highly automated, user-friendly and extremely fast microanalysis system. The software that runs on the hardware described above was specifically designed to provide the ultimate attainable speed on the system.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SUBMICROSCOPIC STRUCTURES BY THEIR EMITTED X-RAYS

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. DEMPSEY ◽  
F. J. AGATE ◽  
M. LEE ◽  
M. L. PURKERSON
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Semiconductor Detector ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Scanning Electron

X-ray emission spectra have been recorded from several biologic tissues using a multichannel energy-dispersive analyzer with a retractible semiconductor detector coupled to a Cambridge Mark II scanning electron microscope. Particular attention has been given to the detection of silver in experimental argyria, of calcium in dermoid scales and in experimental necrosis of the kidney and of sulfur in the inner and outer portions of reptilian skin. Sulfur and chlorine have been found associated with silver in argyria. Phosphorus was associated with calcium both in the dermal scales and in necrotic areas. In addition to these elements, trace amounts of copper, zinc, lead, sodium, potassium, iron, arsenic, osmium and uranium have been detected in various normal and experimental situations. The applicability of the combined instrument to cytochemical problems is briefly discussed.

X-ray micro tomography in the scanning electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brünger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Scanning Electron

Reconstructive tomography is a new technique in diagnostic radiology for imaging cross-sectional planes of the human body /1/. A collimated beam of X-rays is scanned through a thin slice of the body and the transmitted intensity is recorded by a detector giving a linear shadow graph or projection (see fig. 1). Many of these projections at different angles are used to reconstruct the body-layer, usually with the aid of a computer. The picture element size of present tomographic scanners is approximately 1.1 mm2.Micro tomography can be realized using the very fine X-ray source generated by the focused electron beam of a scanning electron microscope (see fig. 2). The translation of the X-ray source is done by a line scan of the electron beam on a polished target surface /2/. Projections at different angles are produced by rotating the object.During the registration of a single scan the electron beam is deflected in one direction only, while both deflections are operating in the display tube.

scholarly journals Characterizing Severely Plastically Deformed Materials Using Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy in the Scanning Electron Microscope

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (S2) ◽  
pp. 692-693
Author(s):  
P. Trimby
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.

Karakteristik Hasil Proses Nitridisasi Besi Tuang Nodular Temperatur 5500C pada Waktu Penahanan 2 Jam, 4 Jam, 6 Jam

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Wayan Sujana
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nitridisasi merupakan suatu proses perlakuan panas termokimia yang dimana nitrogen dan amonia didifusikan kepermukaan material (ferro and non-ferro) pada temperatur 500-6000C sehingga membentuk pengerasan kulit akibat terbentuknya lapisan nitrida paduan pada permukaan. Namun pengerasan permukaan ditentukan oleh paduan dari material yang dilakukan proses nitridisasi.Tujuan Nitridisasi adalah untuk memperbaiki ketahanan aus, meningkatkan ketahanan lelah, dan memperbaiki ketahanan tehadap korosi. Proses nitidisasi ini juga dapat mengganti jenis perlakuan panas lain yang menekankan performance yang baik. Pada penelitian ini akan memanfaatkan besi cor nodular yanga akan diproses nitridisasi menggunakan fluidised bed furnace. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan pengujian distribusi kekerasan (metode vickers) untuk mengamati sejauh mana nitrogen berdifusi pada permukaan spesimen, dan pengamatan struktur mikro dengan scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS).Penelitian ini akan memberikan informasi fenonema proses nitridisasi pada besi cor nodular sehingga mendapatkan suatu analisis yang sesuai dengan metode sehingga menghasilkan kualitas kekerasan permukaan yang baik.

scholarly journals Biosorption of lead ions by exopolysaccharide producing Azotobacter sp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
P. Dhevagi ◽  
◽  
S. Priyatharshini ◽  
A. Ramya ◽  
M. Sudhakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Aim: Removal of lead from wastewater using Azotobacter species and optimisation of various parameters to maximise the adsorption of lead by response surface methodology as a tool. Methodology: The bacterial isolate UBI-7 recovered from sewage water irrigated soil was examined for its biosorption potential towards lead. The lead removal efficiency of Azotobacter salinestris was studied with respect to metal concentration (50-250 mg l-1), contact time (24-120 hrs), and pH (4-8).Using response surface methodology, these factors were optimized and R2 value obtained was 0.9710 for lead ions, which indicates the validity of the model. Observation with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope imaging (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopic analysis (EDX) were carried out to confirm lead biosorption by Azotobacter salinestris. Results: The lead tolerant bacterium isolated from sewage water irrigated soil (UBI-7) was recognized as Azotobacter salinestris by 16S rRNA based gene sequence analysis. The highest removal percentage of Pb (61.54) was 50 mg l-1 in 72 hrs equilibration period. Interaction effect between different levels of Pb and different contact time of the solution were found to be significant. Lead biosorption by the organism was confirmed by the changes in stretching intensities of functional groups as well as appearance of strong OH stretching at 3291.69 cm-1. Images obtained from Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopic studies of the bacteria (UBI-7) before and after biosorption clearly indicated lead adsorption. Interpretation: Current study proves that the functional groups of Azotobacter salinestris are involved in lead biosorption from aqueous solution which was confirmed through FTIR.EDX analysis also elucidated the lead absorption by the bacterial cells. Hence, this could be effectively utilized for decontamination of lead from the polluted environment. Key words: Azotobacter salinestris, Biosorption, Lead, Response surface methodology

Otospongiosis: Morphologic and Microchemical Investigation after Naf-Treatment

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bretlau ◽  
Hans Jørgen Hansen ◽  
Jean Causse ◽  
Jean-Bernard Causse
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Element analysis of microareas of otospongiotic specimens is described. A total of 36 otospongiotic stapes are ultrasectioned without decalcification and examined using a transmission and a scanning electron microscope (STEM-mode). The latter was equipped with an energy dispersive x-ray analyzer. Twenty of the stapes came from patients who have had sodium fluoride (NaF) treatment (15 to 45 mg/day) for a minimum of 12 months. The otospongiotic stapes are classified as spongiotic and sclerotic according to their pathologic characteristics and state of mineralization. Using the Ca/P ratio as criterion—measured by the characteristic x-ray fluorescence—it was shown in a blind study that the NaF-treated otospongiotic stapes had a statistically higher Ca/P ratio, indicating that the fluoride may stabilize otospongiotic lesions, particularly the spongiotic type with unstable mineralization.

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