A Cross-longitudinal Study of Physical Fitness in Ontario Dairy Farmers, Aged Fifty Years and Over

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
C.D. Moore ◽  
S. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Marked Decline

ABSTRACTTo study the effects of occupational activity on age-related changes in fitness, 36 full time dairy farmers, aged 50–68years, were studied. Stature, weight, four skinfold thicknesses and hand grip strength were measured. Maximal oxygen consumption was estimated from the CAFT, a submaximal bench stepping test. Twenty-one of the subjects had been tested two years earlier as well. Approached cross-sectionally, the farmers show greater fat-free mass, higher grip strength values, and higher O2 max values than age-matched reference groups (STF and Nutrition Canada). Changes over two years in the sample subset include a marked decline in grip strength, anda decline in O2 which is consistent with that seen in other longitudinal studies. Hence, while initial fitness may be higher in this occupationally active group, the decline in function with age is comparable in magnitude to that seen in less active men.

scholarly journals Randomized, Double-Blind, Four-Arm Pilot Study on the Effects of BRAND'­­­­­­S Chicken Essence and FlexC-II® on Joint, Bone, and Muscle Functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Chieh Chen ◽  
Shih-Sheng Chang ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Chih-Chien Hu ◽  
Yoshihiro Nakao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Womac Score ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Hand Grip

Abstract BackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability among elderly individuals. Medical and surgical treatments are expensive and have side effects. The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of FlexC-II®, a type II collagen hydrolysate, and BRAND'S Essence of Chicken with FlexC-II® (BEC-FlexC-II®) on joint, muscle, and bone functions among elderly adults with OA.MethodsPatients (n = 160) with grade 1–3 knee OA based on the Kellgren–Lawrence classification system, joint pain for ≥3 months, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score of >6 were considered eligible in this study. The participants were randomized into four groups (BEC-FlexC-II®, FlexC-II®, glucosamine hydrochloride [HCl], and placebo) and were instructed to perform resistance training for 24 weeks. The outcomes included WOMAC score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, hand grip strength, fat-free mass (FFM), bone mass, and 36-Item Short-form Survey score. ResultsThe WOMAC scores of all groups improved after 24 weeks. However, the results did not significantly differ. Meanwhile, there was a remarkable difference in the VAS score between groups (P = 0.039). The FlexC-II® group had a greater reduction in pain than the placebo group (mean ± standard error: −1.3 ± 0.45, P = 0.021). In the FlexC-II® group, the VAS score significantly reduced by 0.9 ± 1.89 (P = 0.034) after 14 days. In the adjusted analyses, the BEC-FlexC-II® group had a significantly higher FFM than the glucosamine HCl (P = 0.02) and placebo (P = 0.017) groups and hand grip strength than the glucosamine HCl group (P = 0.002). Further, on the basis of a subgroup analysis, participants with poor training compliance in the BEC-FlexC-II® group had a significantly higher left hip bone mass than those in the placebo (P = 0.01) and glucosamine HCl (P = 0.049) groups.ConclusionsFlexC-II® relieves OA-associated pain within 14 days, and BEC-FlexC-II® increases muscle mass and strength after 24 weeks. Thus, BEC-Flex-CII® is a promising novel, holistic supplement that can improve mobility by promoting joint, muscle, and bone functions among elderly individuals. However, full-scale studies should be conducted in the future to validate these findings.Trial registrationThis clinical trial was retrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the ID NCT04483024 on July 20, 2020. URL: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0008FK4&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0004BM2&ts=2&cx=-5y1oh4

scholarly journals Anxiety disorders and age-related changes in physiology

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Julian Mutz ◽  
Thole H. Hoppen ◽  
Chiara Fabbri ◽  
Cathryn M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Age Related

Background Anxiety disorders are leading contributors to the global disease burden, highly prevalent across the lifespan and associated with substantially increased morbidity and early mortality. Aims The aim of this study was to examine age-related changes across a wide range of physiological measures in middle-aged and older adults with a lifetime history of anxiety disorders compared with healthy controls. Method The UK Biobank study recruited >500 000 adults, aged 37–73, between 2006 and 2010. We used generalised additive models to estimate non-linear associations between age and hand-grip strength, cardiovascular function, body composition, lung function and heel bone mineral density in a case group and in a control group. Results The main data-set included 332 078 adults (mean age 56.37 years; 52.65% women). In both genders, individuals with anxiety disorders had a lower hand-grip strength and lower blood pressure, whereas their pulse rate and body composition measures were higher than in the healthy control group. Case–control group differences were larger when considering individuals with chronic and/or severe anxiety disorders, and differences in body composition were modulated by depression comorbidity status. Differences in age-related physiological changes between females in the anxiety disorder case group and healthy controls were most evident for blood pressure, pulse rate and body composition, whereas this was the case in males for hand-grip strength, blood pressure and body composition. Most differences in physiological measures between the case and control groups decreased with increasing age. Conclusions Findings in individuals with a lifetime history of anxiety disorders differed from a healthy control group across multiple physiological measures, with some evidence of case–control group differences by age. The differences observed varied by chronicity/severity and depression comorbidity.

scholarly journals Association of Plasma Carotenoid and Malondialdehyde Levels with Physical Performance in Korean Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heeyeon Joo ◽  
Jiyoung Hwang ◽  
Jiyeon Kim ◽  
Hyesook Kim ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Hand Grip

Abstract Background Increased oxidative stress has been shown to lead to muscle damage and reduced physical performance. The antioxidant mechanism is most likely to reduce these relationships, but in the context of the action of carotenoids, more research is needed. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate whether carotenoids modify the association between plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and physical performance in Korean adolescents. Methods The study sample consisted of 381 participants (164 boys, 217 girls) aged 13−18, who participated in the 2018 National Fitness Award Project. We quantified α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, and MDA levels in plasma using HPLC with photodiode array detection. Physical performance was measured by determining the absolute and relative hand grip strength, 20-m progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run, estimated maximal oxygen consumption, curl-up, and sit-and-reach. Results In boys, the multiple linear regression model adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, drinking, and physical activity showed that the MDA level was negatively associated with absolute hand grip strength; this association was observed only in groups with α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, and total carotenoid values below the median. Conclusion These results suggest that carotenoids may act as an effect modifier of the association between MDA and physical performance in Korean male adolescents.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Smell Impairment and Alteration in Older Americans: NHANES 2013–2014 (P01-024-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Camire ◽  
Emily Durán-Frontera ◽  
Mona Therrien
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Simple Logistic

Abstract Objectives This study examined relationships among smell impairment and health in adults over the age of 60 years. We hypothesized that persons with impaired or altered olfaction would be weaker (as shown by hand grip strength tests) and have a lower body mass index (BMI) ratios because they ate less. Methods The 2013–2014 NHANES database was use examined for smell identification scores, general demographic data, handgrip strength, and other types of data. Only persons aged 60 or older who had completed the Mobile Exam Center interview, and the complete smell and grip tests were included (n = 1287). Data were weighted to represent the U.S. population. Smell impairment was defined as five or fewer correct answers in the Odor Identification Test. Data-dependent statistical analyses (t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum, χ2) were performed to find differences based on specific criteria. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were generated by simple logistic regression, and then a multivariable predictive model was developed. Results The NHANES participants included for these analyses were mainly non-Hispanic white (52.7%), college-educated (54.5%), and lived with someone (60%). The prevalence of smell impairment was 21.7% among persons aged 60 or older, but the prevalence rose to 44.8% among persons aged 75–80. The prevalence of self-reported smell alteration was 16.2%. Smell impairment was significantly associated with age 75–80 years (OR: 3.51, CI: 2.51–3.11), and an educational level of high school or less (OR: 1.70, CI: 1.40–2.30). After adjustment for gender, age, education, and race, smell impairment was associated with poor health self-ratings (OR: 2.63, CI: 1.30–5.40), more sedentary hours each day (OR: 1.07, CI: 1.03–1.11), and presence of smell alteration (OR: 3.00, CI: 2.10–4.60). Persons with normal muscle and hand grip strength were less likely to have a smell impairment or alteration. Conclusions Men aged 75–80 years were more at risk for smell impairment. Further research is needed to determine whether preservation of olfaction can forestall age-related reductions in appetite, and subsequent loss in body mass, particularly muscle. The inclusion of persons older than 80 years in the NHANES sampling would provide useful data for researchers. Funding Sources USDA Hatch funds.

scholarly journals Strength and Power Improvements in Athlete and Non-Athletes During Intensive Eating Disorder Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Fewell ◽  
Riley Nickols ◽  
Amanda Schlitzer Tierney ◽  
Cheri A. Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Eating Disorder Treatment ◽  
Disorder Treatment

Understanding the unique needs of athletes who undergo eating disorder (ED) treatment is sorely needed. This study explores changes of strength and power in athlete (n = 21) and non-athlete (n = 36) patients from intake to discharge. Maximal oxygen consumption, vertical jump, push-ups, hand grip strength, and body mass index (in anorexia nervosa; AN) were measured among treatment center patients. The number of push-ups and hand grip strength were significantly improved upon discharge in the full sample (ps < .005) and in AN only (ps < .001). Body mass index was also significantly higher in AN (p < .001). Maximal oxygen consumption and vertical jump did not significantly improve between admission and discharge in either group (ps > .40). This study is the first to investigate measures of strength in athletes engaged in intensive eating disorder treatment and indicates the need to address the psychological mindset around physical activity using exercise education as part of a comprehensive program. Recommendations for incorporating exercise into an intensive ED treatment center are also provided.

scholarly journals Diet preference with regional variation of body mass index and hand grip strength of Indian females

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalhmunlien Robert Varte ◽  
Shweta Rawat ◽  
Inderjeet Singh ◽  
Madhu Sudan Pal ◽  
Dhurjati Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Composition Structure

Introduction: Nutritional content of diet of vegetarian and non-vegetarian differs in terms of food composition and vegetarian diets are often low in protein, probably causing a difference in body composition, structure and strength characteristics. Purpose of study: To study anthropometric, body composition and hand strength differences among 641 vegetarian and 424 non-vegetarian Indian women, aged 20–60 yrs. Methods: ANOVA, t-test, multivariable stepwise regression and logistic regressions were performed to analyse association between BMI, hand grip strength and potential confounders using SPSS Version 17 for Windows. p < 0.05 referred to as statistically significant. Results: Vegetarians had less body fat than non-vegetarians. Statistically significant difference was found in their grip strength (GS) (t = 2.459, p < 0.05) and BMI (t = 2.188, p < 0.05). Height and weight were positively associated with grip strength in the vegetarian group while height and fat free mass were seen to be positively associated with grip strength in the non-vegetarian group. Grip strength was greater in non-vegetarian group and the vegetarians had lower BMI (25.33 kg/mt2 ± 4.56) than nonvegetarians (25.95 kg/mt2 ± 4.45, t-test = 2.188, p<0.05). Conclusion: Those with greater grip strength (non-vegetarian group) had greater chance of being obese than those with lower grip strength (vegetarian group). (OR = 2.609, 95% CI 1.487 - 4.577). However, lower levels of body mass indices of the vegetarian women suggest that they are healthier than non-vegetarians in terms of BMI.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i3.8096   Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 4(2013) 43-51

scholarly journals Muscular Strength and Quality of Life in Older Adults: The Role of ACTN3 R577X Polymorphism

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Ana Fernández-Araque ◽  
Andrea Giaquinta-Aranda ◽  
Jose Andrés Rodríguez-Díez ◽  
Silvia Carretero-Molinero ◽  
Jorge López-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Age Related

As longevity is increasing, the 65-year-old and older population is projected to increase in the next decades, as are the consequences of age-related muscle deterioration on the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of the ACTN3R577X polymorphism with quality of life and muscular strength in an older Spanish population. In total, 281 older adults participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements, chronic diseases, prescribed medications, quality of life, hand grip strength, and physical activity and nutritional status data were collected. ACTN3 R577X genotyping was determined using Taqman probes. Multivariate regression analysis revealed in adjusted model that, in men, the ACTN3 R577X genotype was significantly associated with hand grip strength (HGS), regression coefficient (β) = 1.23, p = 0.008, dimension 1 of the five-dimension questionnaire EuroQoL (EQ-5D, mobility), (β) = −1.44, p = 0.006, and clinical group risk (CGR) category (β) = −1.38, p = 0.006. In women, a marginal association between the ACTN3 R577X genotype and the CGR category was observed, with a regression coefficient of (β) = −0.97, (p = 0.024). Our findings suggest that the ACTN3 R577X genotype may influence the decline in muscle strength and quality of life in older Spanish adult males.

scholarly journals Anxiety disorders and age-related changes in physiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Mutz ◽  
Thole H Hoppen ◽  
Chiara Fabbri ◽  
Cathryn M Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Age Related ◽  
History Of

Objective: Anxiety disorders are leading contributors to the global disease burden, highly prevalent across the lifespan, and associated with substantially increased morbidity and early mortality. The aim of this study was to examine age-related changes across a wide range of physiological measures in middle-aged and older adults with a lifetime history of anxiety disorders compared to healthy controls. Methods: The UK Biobank study recruited >500,000 adults, aged 37-73, between 2006-2010. We used generalised additive models to estimate non-linear associations between age and hand-grip strength, cardiovascular function, body composition, lung function and heel bone mineral density in cases vs. controls. Results: The main dataset included 332,078 adults (mean age = 56.37 years; 52.65% females). In both sexes, individuals with anxiety disorders had lower hand-grip strength and blood pressure, while their pulse rate and body composition measures were higher than in healthy controls. Case-control differences were larger when considering individuals with chronic and/or severe anxiety disorders, and differences in body composition were modulated by depression comorbidity status. Differences in age-related physiological changes between female anxiety disorder cases and healthy controls were most evident for blood pressure, pulse rate and body composition, while in males for hand-grip strength, blood pressure and body composition. Most differences in physiological measures between cases and controls tended to decrease with age increase. Conclusion: Individuals with a lifetime history of anxiety disorders differed from healthy controls across multiple physiological measures, with some evidence of case-control differences by age. The differences observed varied by chronicity/severity and depression comorbidity.

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