scholarly journals Diet preference with regional variation of body mass index and hand grip strength of Indian females

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalhmunlien Robert Varte ◽  
Shweta Rawat ◽  
Inderjeet Singh ◽  
Madhu Sudan Pal ◽  
Dhurjati Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Composition Structure

Introduction: Nutritional content of diet of vegetarian and non-vegetarian differs in terms of food composition and vegetarian diets are often low in protein, probably causing a difference in body composition, structure and strength characteristics. Purpose of study: To study anthropometric, body composition and hand strength differences among 641 vegetarian and 424 non-vegetarian Indian women, aged 20–60 yrs. Methods: ANOVA, t-test, multivariable stepwise regression and logistic regressions were performed to analyse association between BMI, hand grip strength and potential confounders using SPSS Version 17 for Windows. p < 0.05 referred to as statistically significant. Results: Vegetarians had less body fat than non-vegetarians. Statistically significant difference was found in their grip strength (GS) (t = 2.459, p < 0.05) and BMI (t = 2.188, p < 0.05). Height and weight were positively associated with grip strength in the vegetarian group while height and fat free mass were seen to be positively associated with grip strength in the non-vegetarian group. Grip strength was greater in non-vegetarian group and the vegetarians had lower BMI (25.33 kg/mt2 ± 4.56) than nonvegetarians (25.95 kg/mt2 ± 4.45, t-test = 2.188, p<0.05). Conclusion: Those with greater grip strength (non-vegetarian group) had greater chance of being obese than those with lower grip strength (vegetarian group). (OR = 2.609, 95% CI 1.487 - 4.577). However, lower levels of body mass indices of the vegetarian women suggest that they are healthier than non-vegetarians in terms of BMI.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i3.8096   Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 4(2013) 43-51

scholarly journals Hand Grip Strength in Students: Differences in the Gender Dimorphism

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Ratko Pavlović ◽  
Mensur Vrcić
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Female Subjects

The hands are anatomically specialized for manipulative tasks with different physical objects, where they can cope with certain loads with different forces and intensity. During various physical and sports activities, the hands produce the appropriate muscular force for gripping, which manifests as the hand grip's force. For this reason, hand grip strength (HGS) is recognized as a limiting factor in all manipulative activities performed by the cranial part of the body. The current research included a sample of 22 subjects, 16 male Body Height (BH=180.28±4.65cm); Body Weight (BW=80.05±9.96kg), Body Mass Index (BMI=24.61±2.74kg/m²) and 6 female subjects Body Height (BH=167.42±11.11cm); Body Weight (BW=64.80±10.09kg); Body Mass Index (BMI=23.02±1.57kg/m²) on the third year of study at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports. This study aimed to determine the maximum isometric muscle force of the handgrip and differences between the same gender of students. A t-test for small samples was applied for data processing, and the relevant statistical parameters were calculated. The obtained t-test results confirmed statistically significant differences between the so-called dominant and non-dominant hands in male subjects (t=4.158; p<0.05) and female subjects (t=3.176; p<0.05). The obtained results of this research will be used for analytical and diagnostic purposes with a wide range of activities in the population of physical education and sports students (assessment of physical ability, trends, and tendencies to monitor and change abilities, influence on the implementation of certain curricula of some subjects studied at the faculty, etc.).

scholarly journals Hand Grip Strength in Smokers Predicts Future Acute Respiratory Events, and Is Associated With Body Composition, Independently of Body Mass Index and Measures of Airflow

CHEST Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 917A
Author(s):  
Carlos Martinez ◽  
Alejandro Diaz ◽  
Catherine Meldrum ◽  
Merry-Lynn McDonald ◽  
Gregory Kinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Respiratory Events

scholarly journals BODY MASS INDEX, PROTEIN INTAKE AND HAND GRIP STRENGTH AMONG YOUTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Anna Fitriani ◽  
Desiani Rizki Purwaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Female College Student ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Significant Difference

Hand Grip Strength (HGS) is an indicator of muscle strength tha has been a predictor of physical capacity and long-term health. There has been a a decrease in HGS among youth and is related with several factors such us body mass index (BMI) and protein intake, but the available researches are still inconsistent. This cross sectional study examined the level of HGS and it’s relationship with BMI and protein intake among female college student of UHAMKA Jakarta. HGS were measured by Smedley Dynamometer and were carried out according to the Southampton Protocol. Anthropometric measurements and self 3-day food records were performed to obtain BMI and total protein intake. Chi square test was performed to reveal the difference proportion of low HGS among various groups. The results showed that the average HGS score was 21.70 ± 7.09 kg, of which 48.7% of respondents were classified as low HGS. There was no significant difference of low HGS proportion between normal BMI and abnormal BMI (less and more) (P value = 0.481). However, the proportion of low HGS was significantly higher among those who had deficit protein intake compared to normal (P value = 0,000). Therefore, an adequate protein intake is needed to maintain muscle strength among youth.   Keywords: Muscle strength, hand grip strength, BMI, protein intake, youth

Bioimpedance phase angle as a marker of sarcopenia in elderly women with multiple comorbidities

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Kurmayev ◽  
S. V. Bulgakova ◽  
N. O. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Bioimpedance Analysis ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Hand Dynamometry

Rationale: The progressive decline in skeletal muscle strength and function during aging can lead to disability and premature death. It is of interest to evaluate the potential of bioimpedance phase angle (PhA) as an instrumental marker of sarcopenia in clinical practice.Aim: To identify an association between the phase angles determined by the bioimpedance analysis of body composition, with functional activity parameters in elderly women with multiple comorbidities.Materials and methods: The study included 146  elderly women (aged 75 to 84  years, mean age 79.44±2.56  years). Assessments consisted of the Charlson comorbidity index, “Vozrast ne pomekha” (Age is not a hindrance) questionnaire, the Barthel index, the sit-to-stand five-repeat test, the standardized 4-meter walking speed test, and bioimpedance analysis of body composition (ABC02, Medass, Russia). Muscle strength parameters were assessed by wrist dynamometry with a mechanical wrist dynamometer. The hand dynamometry index was calculated by dividing the hand grip strength by the patient's squared height. According to the EWGSOP2 guidelines for the critical cur-off for hand dynamometry, the patients were divided into two groups: those with the hand grip strength>16 kg (n=41) and those with<16 kg (n=105).Results: There were significant correlations of PhA with age (r=-0.369; p=0.017), the results of the screening questionnaire “Vozrast ne pomekha” (Age is not a hindrance) (r=-0.359; p=0.023), Barthel index (r=0.375; p=0.018), hand dynamometry (r=0.395; p=0.014), hand dynamometry index (r=0.340; p=0.021), lean body mass (r=0.414; p=0.009), musculoskeletal mass (r=0.819; p<0.001), proportion of musculoskeletal mass (r=0.796; p<0.001), walking speed (r=0.670; p<0.001), and the results of the sit-to-stand test (r=-0.541; p<0.001). Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 61 women (41.8%). There were also significant differences in age, hand dynamometry results, hand dynamometry index, walking speed and results of the sit-to-stand test between the two groups depending on their hand grip strength.Conclusion: The use of hand dynamometry, physical activity tests, and bioimpedance phase angle can be used in clinical practice to diagnose sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Randomized, Double-Blind, Four-Arm Pilot Study on the Effects of BRAND'­­­­­­S Chicken Essence and FlexC-II® on Joint, Bone, and Muscle Functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Chieh Chen ◽  
Shih-Sheng Chang ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Chih-Chien Hu ◽  
Yoshihiro Nakao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Womac Score ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Hand Grip

Abstract BackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability among elderly individuals. Medical and surgical treatments are expensive and have side effects. The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of FlexC-II®, a type II collagen hydrolysate, and BRAND'S Essence of Chicken with FlexC-II® (BEC-FlexC-II®) on joint, muscle, and bone functions among elderly adults with OA.MethodsPatients (n = 160) with grade 1–3 knee OA based on the Kellgren–Lawrence classification system, joint pain for ≥3 months, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score of >6 were considered eligible in this study. The participants were randomized into four groups (BEC-FlexC-II®, FlexC-II®, glucosamine hydrochloride [HCl], and placebo) and were instructed to perform resistance training for 24 weeks. The outcomes included WOMAC score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, hand grip strength, fat-free mass (FFM), bone mass, and 36-Item Short-form Survey score. ResultsThe WOMAC scores of all groups improved after 24 weeks. However, the results did not significantly differ. Meanwhile, there was a remarkable difference in the VAS score between groups (P = 0.039). The FlexC-II® group had a greater reduction in pain than the placebo group (mean ± standard error: −1.3 ± 0.45, P = 0.021). In the FlexC-II® group, the VAS score significantly reduced by 0.9 ± 1.89 (P = 0.034) after 14 days. In the adjusted analyses, the BEC-FlexC-II® group had a significantly higher FFM than the glucosamine HCl (P = 0.02) and placebo (P = 0.017) groups and hand grip strength than the glucosamine HCl group (P = 0.002). Further, on the basis of a subgroup analysis, participants with poor training compliance in the BEC-FlexC-II® group had a significantly higher left hip bone mass than those in the placebo (P = 0.01) and glucosamine HCl (P = 0.049) groups.ConclusionsFlexC-II® relieves OA-associated pain within 14 days, and BEC-FlexC-II® increases muscle mass and strength after 24 weeks. Thus, BEC-Flex-CII® is a promising novel, holistic supplement that can improve mobility by promoting joint, muscle, and bone functions among elderly individuals. However, full-scale studies should be conducted in the future to validate these findings.Trial registrationThis clinical trial was retrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the ID NCT04483024 on July 20, 2020. URL: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0008FK4&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0004BM2&ts=2&cx=-5y1oh4

scholarly journals Lower Percentage of Fat Mass among Tai Chi Chuan Practitioners

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1232
Author(s):  
Silvia Stagi ◽  
Azzurra Doneddu ◽  
Gabriele Mulliri ◽  
Giovanna Ghiani ◽  
Valeria Succa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Tai Chi Chuan ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Total Body

The aim of the study was to analyze total and regional body composition in Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) middle-aged and elderly practitioners. A cross-sectional study on 139 Italian subjects was realized: 34 TCC practitioners (14 men, 20 women; 62.8 ± 7.4 years) and 105 sedentary volunteers (49 men, 56 women; 62.8 ± 6.4 years). Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, arm, waist, and calf circumferences), hand-grip strength, and physical capacity values were collected. Total and regional (arm, leg, and trunk) body composition was analyzed by means of specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (specific BIVA). TCC practitioners of both sexes were characterized by a normal nutritional status, normal levels of physical capacity, and normal values of hand-grip strength. Compared to controls, they showed lower percentages of fat mass (lower specific resistance) in the total body, the arm, and the trunk, and higher muscle mass (higher phase angle) in the trunk, but lower muscle mass in the arm. Sexual dimorphism was characterized by higher muscle mass (total body, arm, and trunk) and lower %FM (arm) in men; sex differences were less accentuated among TCC practitioners than in the control. TCC middle-aged and elderly practitioners appear to be less affected by the process of physiological aging and the associated fat mass changes, compared to sedentary people.

A pilot study investigating the effect of pedalling exercise during dialysis on 6-min walking test and hand grip and pinch strength

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasi Desai ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed ◽  
Andrew Davenport
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Hand Grip

Introduction: Haemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of sarcopenia. Physical inactivity is now recognised as a major cause of muscle wasting in haemodialysis patients. It is unclear as to what and how much exercise is required to show benefit. We therefore performed a pilot study of cycling during haemodialysis. Methods: Patients underwent a progressive submaximal individualised cycling exercise, 3× a week during haemodialysis for 4 months using bed-cycle ergometers. Body composition was measured by multifrequency segmental bioimpedance and muscle function by 6-min walking test, and hand grip strength and pinch strength. Results: In total, 56% of patients in a dialysis centre fulfilled exercise study inclusion criteria and 13 (72.2%) of 18 patients completed the exercise programme, with the mean age of 64.0 ± 16.6 years and 76.9% being male. The 6-min walking test increased following exercise from 349 ± 105 to 398 ± 94.2 m, p < 0.05, as did both hand grip strength and pinch strength, with 20.4 ± 9.1 versus 23.4 ± 9.9 kg, p < 0.01, and 4.3 ± 1.8 versus 5.9 ± 2.4 kg, p < 0.05, respectively. There were no changes in appendicular muscle mass or other body composition detected with bioimpedance in either the exercise group, or 21 control patients, propensity matched for body composition, comorbidity and frailty. Muscle strength did not change in the control group. Haemodialysis sessional Kt/Vurea was greater at the end of the exercise programme compared to controls (1.63 ± 0.63 vs 1.21 ± 0.12, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The majority of dialysis centre patients met our exercise study entry criteria and could potentially benefit from cycling during haemodialysis. We found that muscle function and strength improved after a 4-month, thrice weekly cycling exercise programme.

The Effect of Ring Finger Distal Interphalangeal Joint Stiffness on Grip Strength: A Simulated Study in Normal Participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
Robert J. Lambert ◽  
Thomas FM. Yeoman ◽  
Chaoyang Wang ◽  
Jaime Grant ◽  
Philippa A. Rust
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Distal Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Distal Interphalangeal

Background: Pain of the hand distal interphalangeal joints may result from trauma, osteoarthritis or inflammatory arthritis. When symptoms are not controlled by non-operative means, surgical arthrodesis may be performed, resulting in complete stiffness of the joint and possible weakening of grip strength. This study aims to quantify the effect of a stiff ring finger distal interphalangeal joint on overall grip strength. Methods: One hundred participants were screened to exclude upper limb pathology. A Jamar dynamometer was used to assess overall hand grip strength. A splint was used to prevent distal interphalangeal joint flexion, thus replicating a fused distal interphalangeal joint. Participants were tested with and without the splint and the results compared. The mean of three grip strength tests was taken. Results: The participants included 55 females. Mean age was 31 (18–60 years). 76 participants had a reduction in grip strength with splinting, with a significant difference seen (p < 0.05) on Wilcoxon signed rank test. The median reduction in grip strength with splinting was 1.67 kg. However only 10 participants (10%) had a grip strength loss of greater than 6.5 kg, which is the minimal clinically important difference. Conclusions: This study found a significant loss in overall hand grip strength when the ring finger distal interphalangeal joint was stiffened. However, despite this significant change, only 10 (10%) participants experienced a reduction of greater than 6.5 kg. This is the level of weakness felt to be required to reduce function. Thus our results suggest that 90% of patients with a stiff ring finger distal interphalangeal joint are unlikely to have a clinically identifiable functional reduction in grip strength as a result.

scholarly journals Total Dietary Antioxidant Capacity and Longitudinal Trajectories of Body Composition

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Niels van der Schaft ◽  
Katerina Trajanoska ◽  
Fernando Rivadeneira ◽  
M. Arfan Ikram ◽  
Josje D. Schoufour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Multivariable Adjustment ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant Capacity

Although there is some evidence that total dietary antioxidant capacity (TDAC) is inversely associated with the presence of obesity, no longitudinal studies have been performed investigating the effect of TDAC on comprehensive measures of body composition over time. In this study, we included 4595 middle-aged and elderly participants from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort. We estimated TDAC among these individuals by calculating a ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) score based on data from food-frequency questionnaires. Body composition was assessed by means of dual X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and every subsequent 3–5 years. From these data, we calculated fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), android-to-gynoid fat ratio (AGR), body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI). We also assessed hand grip strength at two time points and prevalence of sarcopenia at one time point in a subset of participants. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models or multinomial logistic regression models with multivariable adjustment. We found that higher FRAP score was associated with higher FFMI (0.091 kg/m2 per standard deviation (SD) higher FRAP score, 95% CI 0.031; 0.150), lower AGR (−0.028, 95% CI −0.053; −0.003), higher BMI (0.115, 95% CI 0.020; 0.209) and lower BF% (−0.223, 95% CI −0.383; −0.064) across follow-up after multivariable adjustment. FRAP score was not associated with hand grip strength or sarcopenia. Additional adjustment for adherence to dietary guidelines and exclusion of individuals with comorbid disease at baseline did not change our results. In conclusion, dietary intake of antioxidants may positively affect the amount of lean mass and overall body composition among the middle-aged and elderly.

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