There's No Place Like Home: Homestead Exemption and Judicial Constructions of Family in Nineteenth-Century America

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison D. Morantz
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Family Head ◽  
Contractual Relationship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Homestead Exemption ◽  
Do So

In 1871, former slave Lettie Marshall sued the estate of B. G. Marshall, her former master, arguing that she was entitled to farm two hundred acres of his land in Fort Bend County, Texas. Her claim was based on a “homestead exemption” provision of the Texas Constitution, which exempted the homestead of a “family” from “forced sale for debts” and vested continued occupancy rights in surviving “family” members after the death of the family head. After Emancipation, Marshall and her family had become sharecroppers on B. G. Marshall's estate and continued to farm the land until his death. At trial, Marshall portrayed herself as B. G. Marshall's “confidential servant” whom he treated “like she was one of the family.” As proof that their bond transcended a mere contractual relationship, she noted that he had entrusted her with overseeing a “squad of eight or ten hands,” and that upon occasion she “lent him money” and even “lived in the same house with Marshall, who was a cripple, and … waited on him, ” when her legal status no longer obliged her to do so. Not only did she fulfill “all of the duties and relations to him of mother, sister, and daughter,” but Lettie Marshall, her husband, and their descendents were the only named beneficiaries of his will.

scholarly journals SUBJECTS OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL SUPPORT IDENTIFICATION OF CHILDREN SEPARATED WITH FAMILY IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
А. М. Мамульчик
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Her Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Additional Protection ◽  
The Status

The relevance of the article is that the granting of special status «child divorced from the family» in the Ukrainian legislation includes three aspects: 1) identification of a person who is a child separated from the family; 2) granting the status of «child deprived of parental care»; 3) it is possible to grant the status of “refugee” or “person in need of additional protection”, as any person recognized as a child divorced from a family is recognized as a child deprived of parental care and can apply for asylum in Ukraine (and receive refugee status or a person in need of additional protection). Each of the identified aspects of the above status is the responsibility of certain public authorities, ie public administration entities, which are endowed with the appropriate powers. The purpose of the article is to identify the subjects of administrative and legal support for the identification of children separated from their families, ie the subjects of public administration, which are empowered to identify such children in Ukraine. It was found that in fact, the identification of a child separated from the family at the present stage in Ukraine does not belong to the responsibilities of public administration, but is the responsibility of the child who was forced to leave the country of origin or residence and arrived in the territory of Ukraine unaccompanied by a family member or persons determined by law/custom who are responsible for such a person, or who were left unaccompanied after arriving on the territory of Ukraine, or its legal representatives. In our opinion, the absence in the legal acts that determine the legal status of public administration entities, whose activities include the identification of children separated from their families, their obligation to identify such children is a shortcoming of administrative and legal support for child status. , separated from her family, in Ukraine. It is determined that the subjects of public administration, which have the authority to identify children separated from their families, include the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, executive authorities, local governments, the National Police of Ukraine, the Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine.

Other Collectivities

Born to Write ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 29-31
Author(s):  
Neil Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Family Head ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
The Family

Beyond the family, other collectivities also played a role in the production of written works that endured across generations. For literary and learned works, these other collectivities included: households (with their servants, secretaries, disciples, and collaborators in addition to family members); networks of clients, patrons, and friends; salons; courtly circles; institutions such as universities, humanist colleges, and printers’ workshops; religious communities ranging from monastic orders to Jesuits to Protestant churches. They had complex and varying relationships to families. Some overlapped with families or were supplementary extensions of them—especially households, governed by the family head. But some of these other collectivities were in competition with families for loyalty or offered an alternative to them. Moreover, literary and learned legacies could reach beyond the family to benefit broader communities.

scholarly journals HRG Tokushima: Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein (HRG) Deficiency

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Shigekiyo ◽  
Hidemasa Yoshida ◽  
Kazuya Matsumoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Azuma ◽  
Sadao Wakabayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Japanese Woman ◽  
Nucleotide Position ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Congenital Deficiency ◽  
The Family ◽  
Normal Japanese

AbstractPreviously, we found the first congenital deficiency of histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) in a Japanese woman with thrombosis. To elucidate the genetic basis of this deficiency, we first performed Southern blot analysis and found no gross deletion or insertion in the proband's HRG gene. We then examined the nucleotide sequences of all seven exons of the proband's HRG gene. A single nucleotide substitution, G to A at nucleotide position 429, which mutates Gly85 to Glu in the first cystatin-like domain, was found in exon 3 in 13 of 22 amplified clones. This mutation generates a unique Taq I site. Exon 3 was amplified from the proband, her family members, and 50 unrelated normal Japanese individuals, and Taq I fragmentation was examined. Fragmentation of exon 3 was observed in one allele of the genes from the proband and the family members who also have decreased plasma levels of HRG. Fifty unrelated normal Japanese individuals had a normal HRG gene, indicating that the G to A mutation is not a common polymorphism. To elucidate the identified mutation as a cause for the secretion defect of HRG in the proband's plasma, we constructed and transiently expressed the recombinant Tokushima-type HRG mutant (Gly85 to Glu) in baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells, and examined an intracellular event of the mutant protein. The results showed that only about 20% of the Tokushima-type HRG was secreted into the culture medium, and intracellular degradation of the mutant was observed. Thus, the present study strongly suggests that the HRG deficiency is caused by intracellular degradation of the Gly85 to Glu mutant of HRG in the proband.

Villein Households of the Palóc Population, 1836–1843

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-408
Author(s):  
Dezsö Dányi
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Household Structure ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
The Real ◽  
Family Head ◽  
The Family ◽  
Separate Region ◽  
Size And Structure

The structure of villein households and families of thirteen villages is analyzed with the help of relatively reliable data, which contain information for the period 1836–1843. The Palóc population forms a distinct ethno-cultural group, located approximately 50–120 kilometers northeast of Budapest in a separate region. In creating a typology of villein households, we took into consideration the real household structure. The Laslett categories were not used. In the thirteen villages, the proportion of nuclear families was very low (22 percent) until the mid-nineteenth century and joint families, involving direct and collateral relatives, were extremely important. The proportion of strangers, servants and unrelated individuals living in the family was insignificant. The size and structure of households and families was significantly determined by the age of household or family head. These structures were supposedly the result of the indivisibility of villein land, as well as other traditional factors.

Unblocking Enlightenment Loos, Bernardin's Boxer Shorts and Other Day-to-Day Practicalities in Eighteenth-Century Normandy: A Whistle-Stop Tour of Catherine de Saint-Pierre's Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-223
Author(s):  
Katherine Astbury ◽  
Catriona Seth
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Her Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

Catherine de Saint-Pierre was Bernardin de Saint-Pierre's sister. Although his letters to her have not survived, we do have her letters to him. While he and his brothers travelled the world from Mauritius to Haiti, Catherine remained in their native Normandy. News and merchandise from far-flung corners of the globe came to her, but she never moved. Nevertheless she played an important role in the family dynamics, as she was often the one who gave family members news about each other. The trials and tribulations of her life in Dieppe fill the pages of her letters, but, in addition to details of her latest ailments, we gain a sense of someone who was very adept at navigating social networks to get the best for her and her family at as little cost as possible. This article reveals the hidden practical realities of getting things done on a budget in Dieppe at the end of the eighteenth century. It highlights the range and versatility of the networks upon which Catherine called as a means of saving money and provides us with some insider details on everyday expenses and exchanges invaluable to all those looking to better understand the economics and legalities of period.

Where to die? That is the question: A study of cancer patients in Israel

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida Barak ◽  
Sofia Livshits ◽  
Haana Kaufer ◽  
Ruth Netanel ◽  
Nava Siegelmann-Danieli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Care Patient ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dying At Home ◽  
Do So ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjective:Most patients prefer to die at home, but barely 30% do so. This study examines the variables contributing to dying at home.Methods:The participants were 326 cancer patients, of both genders, with a mean age of 63.25 years, who died from 2000 to 2008 and were treated by the palliative care unit of the Barzilai Hospital. Some 65.7% died at home and 33.4% in a hospital. The data were extracted from patient files. The examined variables were demographic (e.g., age, gender, marital status, ethnic background, number of years in Israel until death), medical (e.g., age at diagnosis, diagnosis, nature of last treatment, patient received nursing care, patient given the care of a social worker, patient had care of a psychologist, family received care of a social worker, patient had a special caregiver), and sociological (e.g., having insurance, having worked in Israel, living alone or with family, living with one's children, living in self-owned or rented house, family members working).Results:The findings indicate that the chances of dying at home are higher if the patient is non-Ashkenazi, the family got social worker care, the patient lived in a self-owned house, the patient lived with his family, the family members worked, and the patient's stay in Israel since immigration was longer. Logistic regression showed that all the predictors together yielded a significant model accounting for 10.9–12.3% of the variance.Significance of results:The findings suggest that dying at home requires maintaining continued care for the patient and family in a community context.

scholarly journals De Van Rijckevorsel bibliotheek in het Rotterdamsch Leeskabinet

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-258
Author(s):  
Roman Koot
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Book Collections ◽  
Organically Grown

Abstract Since 1940, the Rotterdamsch Leeskabinet’s collection includes the library of the Rotterdam Van Rijckevorsel family. The library, with a size of 3,000 titles, was formed in the nineteenth century by three generations: the entrepreneurs Abram and Huibert and the scientist Elie van Rijckevorsel. The library is a unique example of a preserved library of a Rotterdam patrician family from the nineteenth century. This article examines the nature and composition of the library. It turns out not to be a collector’s library, but an organically grown, hybrid library, in which the professional practice, interests and social position of the family members are reflected. Functional books stood alongside rare antiquarian editions, and literature next to scientific works. Notable is the large number of books on geography, especially with regards to Dutch overseas trading areas. In order to determine whether this library is representative of book collections of Rotterdam’s elite families, more research is needed.

scholarly journals HRG Tokushima: Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein (HRG) Deficiency

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Toshio Shigekiyo ◽  
Hidemasa Yoshida ◽  
Kazuya Matsumoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Azuma ◽  
Sadao Wakabayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Japanese Woman ◽  
Nucleotide Position ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Congenital Deficiency ◽  
The Family ◽  
Normal Japanese

Previously, we found the first congenital deficiency of histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) in a Japanese woman with thrombosis. To elucidate the genetic basis of this deficiency, we first performed Southern blot analysis and found no gross deletion or insertion in the proband's HRG gene. We then examined the nucleotide sequences of all seven exons of the proband's HRG gene. A single nucleotide substitution, G to A at nucleotide position 429, which mutates Gly85 to Glu in the first cystatin-like domain, was found in exon 3 in 13 of 22 amplified clones. This mutation generates a unique Taq I site. Exon 3 was amplified from the proband, her family members, and 50 unrelated normal Japanese individuals, and Taq I fragmentation was examined. Fragmentation of exon 3 was observed in one allele of the genes from the proband and the family members who also have decreased plasma levels of HRG. Fifty unrelated normal Japanese individuals had a normal HRG gene, indicating that the G to A mutation is not a common polymorphism. To elucidate the identified mutation as a cause for the secretion defect of HRG in the proband's plasma, we constructed and transiently expressed the recombinant Tokushima-type HRG mutant (Gly85 to Glu) in baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells, and examined an intracellular event of the mutant protein. The results showed that only about 20% of the Tokushima-type HRG was secreted into the culture medium, and intracellular degradation of the mutant was observed. Thus, the present study strongly suggests that the HRG deficiency is caused by intracellular degradation of the Gly85 to Glu mutant of HRG in the proband.

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