Effect of Adjuvant Concentration and Carrier Volume on Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Control with Fluazifop

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid J. Smeda ◽  
Alan R. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Butyl Ester ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Carrier Volume ◽  
Petroleum Oil ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Foliar activity of the butyl ester of fluazifop on large crabgrass was determined by varying the concentration of a petroleum-based oil concentrate and the carrier volume. Increasing the concentration of petroleum oil or reducing the carrier volume improved large crabgrass control. Under greenhouse conditions, both visible injury and plant dry weight reflected greater control with adjuvant concentrations increasing from 0.62 to 5.0% v/v. Similarly, reducing carrier volumes from 374 to 47 L/ha increased grass control. No significant interaction between carrier volume and adjuvant concentration suggests the effects of these two variables are independent of one another. For both variables, effects were greater with sublethal rates of fluazifop.

Interaction of Fluometuron and MSMA with Sethoxydim and Fluazifop

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Byrd ◽  
Alan C. York
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Butyl Ester ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Monosodium Salt ◽  
Cotton Lint Yield ◽  
Methylarsonic Acid ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of tank-mixing fluometuron {N,N-dimethyl-N′-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] urea} or MSMA (monosodium salt of methylarsonic acid) with sethoxydim {2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} or the butyl ester of fluazifop {(±)-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy] phenoxy] propanic acid} on cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) tolerance and large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop. # DIGSA] control. Postemergence (over-the-top) application of 1.7 kg ai/ha of fluometuron reduced cotton lint yield 17 to 23% in three of four tests. No yield reduction resulted from postemergence application of 1.1 kg ae/ha of MSMA. Tank-mixing 0.1 or 0.2 kg ai/ha of sethoxydim or 0.1 or 0.2 kg ae/ha of fluazifop with fluometuron or MSMA did not alter the effect of fluometuron or MSMA on cotton yield. Tank mixtures of 1.1 to 2.2 kg/ha of fluometuron plus sethoxydim or fluazifop were antagonistic. No antagonism was observed when fluometuron was applied 3 days before or 6 h following sethoxydim or fluazifop application. Tank-mixing 1.1 or 2.2 kg/ha of MSMA with sethoxydim or fluazifop initially reduced control of large crabgrass. Antagonism was not observed at 4 weeks after tank-mix application of MSMA plus sethoxydim, and was observed in only one of three experiments 4 weeks following tank-mix application of MSMA plus fluazifop. When antagonism was observed with tank mixtures of fluazifop plus MSMA, sequential application of MSMA 1 to 7 days before application of fluazifop did not overcome the antagonism. No antagonism occurred when MSMA was applied 6 or more hours after fluazifop application.

Control of Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Fall Panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) in Corn (Zea mays) by Tridiphane and Atrazine Combinations

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik ◽  
Ujjanagouda B. Nandihalli
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
The One ◽  
Panicum Dichotomiflorum ◽  
Large Crabgrass

A single application of 0.56 or 0.84 kg ai/ha tridiphane [2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl) oxirane] plus 2.3 kg ai/ha of atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-niethylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] at the one-to three-leaf stage controlled large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop. # DIGSA] and fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorumMichx. #PANDI) 96% or more. A sequential application of 1.1 kg/ha of atrazine, in addition to the above single application, was required for control of the two grass species at the four-to six-leaf stage. Application of tridiphane plus atrazine to large crabgrass and fall panicum beyond the six-leaf stage was ineffective. Tridiphane at 0.75 kg/ha, applied alone, reduced the shoot dry weight of large crabgrass by 71%. The response of tridiphane and atrazine combinations at the four- to five-leaf stage of large crabgrass was additive.

Response of Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), Green Foxtail (Setaria virdis), Longspine Sandbur (Cenchrus longispinus), and Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) to Nicosulfuron and Rimsulfuron

Weed Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shane Hennigh ◽  
Kassim Al-Khatib
Keyword(s):  
Differential Response ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy, absorption, and translocation of nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, and nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron on barnyardgrass, green foxtail, longspine sandbur, and large crabgrass. In the greenhouse, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, and nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron were applied at 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 2 times their label rates of 35, 13, and 26 + 13 g ai ha−1, respectively, on 5- to 10-cm plants. Three weeks after treatment (WAT), barnyardgrass was the most susceptible species to all three herbicides, and large crabgrass was the least susceptible. The nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, or nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron rates causing 50% visible injury (GR50) for barnyardgrass were 10.9, 4.8, and 6 + 3 g ai ha−1, respectively. Similarly, the GR50for large crabgrass were 25.6, 9.9, and 14.3 + 7.2 g ai ha−1, respectively, 3 WAT. Absorption of nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, and nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron was greater in barnyardgrass than in large crabgrass. Absorption of nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron in barnyardgrass and large crabgrass was 74% and 57%, respectively, 7 d after treatment (DAT). In addition, translocation of nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, and nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron out of the treated leaf was 14, 12, and 14% higher, respectively, in barnyardgrass than in large crabgrass. The differential response of these weed species to nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, and nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron might be due to differences in herbicide absorption and translocation.

Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) and Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Response to Soil- and Foliar-Applied Mesotrione

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. McCurdy ◽  
J. Scott McElroy ◽  
Greg K. Breeden
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Root Absorption ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Mesotrione, a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, is being evaluated for use in turfgrass systems. It was hypothesized that root absorption of soil-applied mesotrione is necessary for effective weed control. Greenhouse studies were conducted to compare the effects of foliar-, soil-, and soil-plus-foliar–applied mesotrione at 0.14 and 0.28 kg ai/ha on yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass. In general, greatest control of yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass was by treatments that included soil application. In addition, mesotrione applied at 0.28 kg/ha generally controlled both yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass more effectively than mesotrione applied at 0.14 kg/ha. Soil- and soil-plus-foliar–applied mesotrione at 0.28 kg/ha controlled yellow nutsedge more than foliar-applied mesotrione 56 d after treatment. Soil-plus-foliar–applied mesotrione at 0.28 kg/ha controlled large crabgrass more than any other treatment 28 d after treatment. Soil- and soil-plus-foliar–applied mesotrione at both rates reduced large crabgrass foliar dry weight more effectively than did foliar-applied mesotrione. Results indicate that root absorption of mesotrione from soil is beneficial for the effective control of both yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass. For this reason, methods such as granular or high-volume applications, which enhance delivery of mesotrione to soil, would be potentially beneficial for turfgrass weed control.

Effects of Application Variables on Glyphosate Phytotoxicity

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler ◽  
Orvin C. Burnside
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Carrier Volume ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] toxicity to volunteer wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) and large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop. # DIGSA] was influenced more by carrier volume than application method. Glyphosate phytotoxicity increased when carrier volume was reduced with both application methods. When compared at equal carrier volumes, there was little difference in volunteer wheat or large crabgrass control when glyphosate was applied with a controlled droplet applicator or flat fan nozzles. Volunteer wheat and large crabgrass control with controlled droplet applicators was influenced by application factors. At a given carrier volume, application factors which yielded larger droplets generally resulted in superior vegetation control.

Response of Various Weed Species and Corn (Zea mays) to RPA 201772

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik ◽  
Sanjay Kushwaha ◽  
Sowmya Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to determine the response of corn (Zea mays), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), and yellow foxtail (Setaria lutescence) to RPA 201772. Barnyardgrass, large crabgrass, velvetleaf, and common lambsquarters were more susceptible than yellow foxtail to RPA 201772. Velvetleaf was the most susceptible species and rates above 18 g ai/ha of RPA 201772 controlled 100% of the population 4 wk after treatment (WAT). Percent control of all the weed species increased with increased RPA 201772 rates. In the field, the dry weights of yellow foxtail decreased as the rate of RPA 201772 increased from 0 to 210 g/ha. However, a 60% reduction of dry weight of yellow foxtail was recorded at 140 g/ha of RPA 201772 compared to the untreated check 6 WAT, whereas at 12 WAT the dry weight of yellow foxtail was reduced to only 15% because of intraspecific competition. Yellow foxtail was moderately susceptible to RPA 201772. Corn was tolerant to RPA 201772; the GR80 value was 435 g/ha in the greenhouse. The bleaching injury to corn in the field was less than 10%, and it was found only with the 210 g/ha rate of RPA 201772. This injury was temporary and the plants recovered within 2 to 3 wk. Based on the GR80 values, velvetleaf was the most susceptible, followed by common lambsquarters, large crabgrass, barnyardgrass, and yellow foxtail.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Experimental Extended-Delivery Granular Preemergent Herbicide Formulations for Direct Application to Nursery Containers

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Glenn B. Fain ◽  
Charles H. Gilliam ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje ◽  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Jason A. Osborne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Abstract Studies evaluated the efficacy of experimental extended-delivery herbicide formulations for direct application to containers. The purpose for direct application to containers is to reduce non-target loss from the current practice of broadcast applications. A separate laboratory study was also conducted to evaluate the rate response of oryzalin on germination of large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.). Results of the laboratory study indicate that crabgrass germination is reduced when seeds are exposed to the preemergence herbicide oryzalin at concentrations of ≥0.025 parts per million. Experimental herbicides were produced by formulating polymeric exchange resins and cellulose complex carriers with oryzalin. Experimental herbicides reduced weed shoot dry weight at 120 DAT and 150 DAT when compared to Rout®, Surflan® and the untreated control.

Interaction of Acifluorfen with Fluazifop for Annual Grass Control

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 936-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Godley ◽  
Lynn M. Kitchen
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Butyl Ester ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Large Crabgrass

In field and greenhouse studies, tank mixing 0.3 and 0.4 kg ai/ha of the butyl ester of fluazifop {(±)-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid} with 0.4 kg ai/ha of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} reduced control of large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop. # DIGSA] and itchgrass (Rottboellia exaltataL.f. # ROOEX) compared to fluazifop applied alone in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. Less antagonism between the two herbicides was observed in a year when conditions were optimum for large crabgrass control with fluazifop. Application of acifluorfen 1 to 3 days before application of fluazifop decreased large crabgrass control. Antagonism between fluazifop and acifluorfen was avoided when fluazifop was applied 3 to 5 days before acifluorfen. No antagonism was observed when fluazifop at 0.3 or 0.4 kg/ha was tank mixed with acifluorfen at 0.4 kg/ha for control of itchgrass. Itchgrass was more susceptible to fluazifop than large crabgrass.

Response of Three Annual Grasses to Fluazifop

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey F. Derr ◽  
Thomas J. Monaco ◽  
Thomas J. Sheets
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Ester ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Setaria Faberi ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Large Crabgrass

In greenhouse studies, the butyl ester of fluazifop {(±)-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid} applied preemergence at 0.035 kg ai/ha gave 91% control of goosegrass (Eleusine indicaGaertn. ♯ ELEIN), 79% control of large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop. ♯ DIGSA], and 73% control of giant foxtail (Setaria faberiHerrm. ♯ SETFA). In field studies, the butyl ester of fluazifop at 0.56 kg ai/ha applied preemergence gave 79% control of goosegrass, 76% control of large crabgrass, and 53% control of giant foxtail. The butyl ester of fluazifop at 0.07 kg/ha gave 79 to 85% control of each grass at the pretillering stage in field studies. The same rate applied at the early tillering stage gave 84% control of goosegrass but only 53 and 58% control of large crabgrass and giant foxtail, respectively. Relative species response was similar from spray and leaf-spot applications of the herbicide. The butyl ester of fluazifop at 4 μg/plant when spot-applied to leaves of the three grasses at the tillering stage resulted in 65% control of goosegrass but only 20 and 25% control of large crabgrass and giant foxtail, respectively.

scholarly journals Weed Interference in Container-grown `San Jose' Juniper

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
Kandy L. Walker ◽  
David J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Setaria Faberi ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Juniperus Chinensis ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Experiments in two consecutive years indicated that barnyardgrass (Echirzochloa crusgalli L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.) reduced growth of container-grown `San Jose' juniper (Juniperus chinensis L. `San Jose') 83 days after transplanting grass seedlings into the containers. Grass densities of one to six weeds per container reduced `San Jose' juniper growth. By 83 days of grass interference, juniper shoot dry weight was reduced as much as 43% by six weeds per container.

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