scholarly journals Risk factors for campylobacter infection in infants and young children: a matched case-control study

2001 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. TENKATE ◽  
R. J. STAFFORD
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Campylobacter Infection ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Campylobacter infection has one of the highest rates of all the notifiable diseases in Australia, with a peak in children aged 0–35 months. A matched case-control study was conducted to investigate risk factors for campylobacter infection for children in this age group. Eighty-one cases and 144 controls were enrolled in the study that was conducted between 24 January 1996 and 21 January 1997. The following risk factors were found to be independently associated with illness: ownership of pet puppies (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 16·58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3·73–73·65) and pet chickens (OR 11·80, CI 1·37–101·75), and consumption of mayonnaise (OR 4·13, CI 1·61–10·59). We propose that children aged less than 3 years are at risk of campylobacter infection if residing in a household which has puppies or chickens as pets.

scholarly journals Cryptosporidiosis in Wisconsin: A case-control study of post-outbreak transmission

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Osewe ◽  
D. G. Addiss ◽  
K. A. Blair ◽  
A. Hightower ◽  
M. L. Kamb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Waterborne Outbreak ◽  
Water Plant ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

SummaryDuring March–April 1993, an estimated 403000 residents of the 5-county greater Milwaukee, Wisconsin area developed cryptosporidiosis after drinking contaminated municipal water. Although the number of cases dropped precipitously after the implicated water plant closed on 9 April, cases continued to occur. To investigate risk factors for post-outbreak cryptosporidiosis, 33 Milwaukee-area residents who had laboratory-confirmed Cryptosporidium infection with onset of diarrhoea between 1 May and 27 June 1993 were interviewed by telephone. Of these, 28(85%) had onset of diarrhoea during May, 12(36%) had watery diarrhoea during the outbreak, and 5 (15%) were HIV-infected. In a neighbourhood-matched case-control study, immunosuppression (matched odds ratio (MOR) not calculable, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 3·0, infinity) and having a child less than 5 years old in the household (MOR = 17·0, CI 2·0, 395·0) were independently associated with infection. When persons who had diarrhoea during the outbreak were excluded, immunosuppression remained significantly associated with illness (MOR not calculable, CI 1·6, infinity). Cryptosporidium transmission continued after this massive waterborne outbreak but decreased rapidly within 2 months.

Risk factors forClostridium difficileinfection in the community: a case-control study in patients in general practice, Denmark, 2009–2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
pp. 1437-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. SØES ◽  
H. M. HOLT ◽  
B. BÖTTIGER ◽  
H. V. NIELSEN ◽  
V. ANDREASEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYTo identify risk factors forClostridium difficileinfection (CDI) in Danish patients consulting general practice with gastrointestinal symptoms, a prospective matched case-control study was performed; cases (N = 259) had positive cultures for toxigenicC. difficileand controls (N = 455) negative cultures. Data were analysed by conditional logistic regression. In patients aged ⩾2 years (138 cases), hospitalization [odds ratio (OR) 8·4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3·1–23], consumption of beef (OR 5·5, 95% CI 2·0–15), phenoxymethylpenicillin (OR 15, 95% CI 2·7–82), dicloxacillin (OR 27, 95% CI 3·6–211), and extended spectrum penicillins (OR 9·2, 95% CI 1·9–45) were associated with CDI. In patients aged <2 years none of these were associated with CDI, but in a subgroup analysis contact with animals was associated with CDI (OR 8·1, 95% CI 1·0–64). This study emphasizes narrow-spectrum penicillins, and suggests beef consumption, as risk factors for CDI in adults, and indicates a different epidemiology of CDI in infants.

Risk factors for in-hospital mortality after spine surgery: a matched case-control study using a multicenter database

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-328
Author(s):  
Junichi Kushioka ◽  
Shota Takenaka ◽  
Takahiro Makino ◽  
Yusuke Sakai ◽  
Masafumi Kashii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

The Sociodemographic and Risk Factors for Keratoconus: Nationwide Matched Case-Control Study in Taiwan, 1998-2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
Ken-Kuo Lin ◽  
Jiahn-Shing Lee ◽  
Chiun-Ho Hou ◽  
Wei-Min Chen ◽  
Ching-Hsi Hsiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk of Selective and Nonselective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors (COX-Is) in Arthritic Patients: A Comparative Matched Case Control Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-338
Author(s):  
N. Quraishi ◽  
U. Bhosale ◽  
R. Yegnanarayan ◽  
D. Devasthale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

This study was conducted to assess and compare the cardiovascular risk and to explore the demography of CV risk of nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX-Is) and selective COX-2-Is in arthritic patients. In this comparative matched case control study adult arthritic patients of either sex taking COX-Is for >1 yr; were included. Arthritic age and sex matched individuals with no history of COX-Is treatment were the controls. Patients those with history of any other disease (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, stroke, IHD etc.) were excluded. Patients were grouped into Control, nonselective COX-I and selective COX-2-I groups. The CV risk factors like blood pressure, blood sugar level(BSL), lipid profile, BMI(body mass index) etc. were assessed and compared; demography of CV risk factors i.e. age, sex, smoking, alcohol, heredity was also studied. Qualitative data was analyzed using Chi-square and quantitative data was analyzed by student’s‘t’-test. Study clearly revealed that all NSAIDs exhibit significant CV risk when taken over a period of time as in arthritis. However selective COX 2-Is found to exhibit more CV risk in this regard. Odds ratio (OR) for CV risk=10.3(95% CI: 1.45, 3.31) and OR for CV risk=5.2(95%CI: 1.05, 2.57) for nonselective COX-Is. BMI, BSL and lipid profile; the potential CV risk factors, showed significant impairment in selective COX 2-Is group; P<0.05, P<0.05 and P<0.01 (HDL), P<0.001 (cholesterol), respectively compared to controls and P<0.05 compared to nonselective COX-Is. This study portrays the potential CV risk of selective COX 2-Is and confirms and re-evaluate the results of earlier studies in this regard.  Keywords: Anti-arthritic agents; BMI; COX-Is; CV risk; Lipid profile.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17039 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 328-338 (2014)  

scholarly journals Risk factors and outcomes of carbapenem-nonsusceptible Escherichia coli bacteremia: A matched case–control study

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Jyun Chang ◽  
Po-Chang Hsu ◽  
Chien-Chang Yang ◽  
An-Jing Kuo ◽  
Ju-Hsin Chia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study
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