scholarly journals Risk factors for methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusbacteraemia differ depending on the control group chosen

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (11) ◽  
pp. 2376-2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. POGORZELSKA-MAZIARZ ◽  
E. Y. FURUYA ◽  
E. L. LARSON
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Nested Case Control

SUMMARYMethicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) bacteraemia cause significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Using a nested case-control design, 204 MRSA bacteraemia cases were compared to 301 unmatched methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA) bacteraemia controls and were matched 1:2 with non-infected controls. The independent risk factors for MRSA bacteraemia compared to MSSA bacteraemia were older age (P = 0·048), major organ transplant during current hospital stay (P = 0·016) and quinolone use (P = 0·016). Cases were more likely than non-infected controls to have renal failure (P = 0·003), cirrhosis (P = 0·013), and a central venous catheter (P = 0·003) after controlling for other risk factors. This large case-control study made it possible to assess risk factors for MRSA bacteraemia using two sets of controls and showed that risk factors differed greatly depending on the control group chosen. These results confirm the need for careful selection of appropriate control groups and the need to carefully adjust for underlying severity of illness.

Risk Factors for Colonization or Infection Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in HIV-Positive Patients A Retrospective Case-Control Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Onorato ◽  
Michael J. Borucki ◽  
Gwen Baillargeon ◽  
David P. Paar ◽  
Daniel H. Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Days ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To determine the risk factors for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients.Design:Retrospective matched-pair case-control study.Setting:Continuity clinic and inpatient HIV service of a university medical center.Population:Patients with HIV infection from the general population of eastern and coastal Texas and from the Texas Department of Criminal Justice.Data Collection:Patient charts and the AIDS Care and Clinical Research Program Database were reviewed for the following: age, race, number of admissions, total hospital days, presence of a central venous catheter, serum albumin, total white blood cell count and absolute neutrophil count, invasive or surgical procedures, any cultures positive forS aureus, and a history of opportunistic illnesses, diabetes, or dermatologie diagnoses. Data also were collected on the administration of antibiotics, antiretroviral therapy, steroids, cancer chemotherapy, and subcutaneous medications.Results:In the univariate analysis, the presence of a central venous catheter, an underlying dermatologie disease, lower serum albumin, prior steroid therapy, and prior antibiotic therapy, particularly antistaphylococcal therapy or multiple courses of antibiotics, were associated with increased risk for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantS aureus. Multivariate analysis yielded a model that included presence of a central venous catheter, underlying dermatologie disease, broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure, and number of hospital days as independent risk factors for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantS aureus.Conclusions:In our HIV-infected patient population, prior hospitalization, exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics, presence of a central venous catheter, and dermatologie disease were risk factors for acquisition of methicillin-resistantS aureus

Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Risk Factors for Carriage in Dutch Hospitals

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1188-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Kaiser ◽  
A. J. P. Haenen ◽  
A. J. de Neeling ◽  
C. M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Professional Contact ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

To evaluate the actual burden of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and determine risk factors for carriage and infection, we performed a prevalence survey with a nested case-control study among inpatients in Dutch hospitals. The prevalence of carriage was 0.94 cases per 1,000 inpatients, and the prevalence of infection was 0.21 cases per 1,000 inPatients. Professional contact with livestock and a stay in a foreign hospital were associated with carriage.

scholarly journals Prognostic death factors in SHLH children with MODS receiving CRRT: a multicenter prospective nested case-control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Cui ◽  
Jingyi Shi ◽  
Yijun Shan ◽  
Chunxia Wang ◽  
Yuqian Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (SHLH) causes significant mortality, while continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is commonly conducted. The objective is to identify the predictor factors associated with poor outcomes in pediatric patients with SHLH -associated MODS who received CRRT. Methods: A multicenter prospective nested case-control study in four PICUs of tertiary university children’s hospital in Shanghai from September 2013 to August 2018.We prospectively studied 52 SHLH-associated MODS pediatric patients receiving CRRT. Results: Overall PICU mortality rate was 46.15%(24/52). Less respiratory (28.6% vs. 87.5%, P <0.001) or cardiovascular dysfunction (25% vs. 83.3%, P <0.001) caused in survivors at CRRT initiation, as well as reduced demands of mechanical ventilation and vasoactive agents (28.6% vs. 87.5%,17.9 % vs. 66.7 %, both P <0.001). Non-survivors had higher levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (1404.5 (713.25, 2793) vs. 982.7 (692, 1461) (U/L), P = 0.037), lactic acid (1.9 (1.3, 4.53) (mmol/L) vs. 1.65 (0.8, 2.45) , P=0.034), triglyceride (2.88 (1.94, 5.08) (mmol/L) vs. 2.41 (1.63, 3.32), P=0.032) and IL-6 (28.66 (17.77, 113.63) (pg/ml) vs.0.98 (0.1, 4.63) P=0.000). More than 3 organ dysfunction (Odd ratio [ OR ] : 3.464; 95% confidence interval [ CI ] [1.018-11.788], P = 0.047), and the serum IL-6 level higher than 13.12 pg/mL ( OR :1.388; 95% CI [1.058-1.821], P = 0.018 ) were two independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusions: The number of organ dysfunction and IL-6 levels at CRRT initiation are the independent risk factors for mortality in SHLH-associated MODS patients.

scholarly journals A hospital-based matched case–control study to identify risk factors for clinical infection with OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in rectal carriers

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (12) ◽  
pp. 2626-2630 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MADUEÑO ◽  
J. GONZALEZ GARCIA ◽  
A. AGUIRRE-JAIME ◽  
M. LECUONA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Clinical Infection ◽  
Hospital Units ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYAsymptomatic colonisation of the gastrointestinal tract by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is an important reservoir for transmission, which may precede infection. This retrospective observational case–control study was designed to identify risk factors for developing clinical infection with OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in rectal carriers during hospitalisation. Case patients (n = 76) had carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CPKP) infection and positive rectal culture for CPKP. Control patients (n = 174) were those with rectal colonisation with CPKP but without CPKP infection. Multivariate analysis identified the presence of a central venous catheter (OR 4·38; 95% CI 2·27–8·42; P = 0·008), the number of transfers between hospital units (OR 1·27; 95% CI (1·06–1·52); P < 0·001) and time at risk (OR 1·02 95% CI 1·01–1·03; P = 0·01) as independent risk factors for CPKP infection in rectal carriers. Awareness of these risk factors may help to identify patients at higher risk of developing CPKP infection.

scholarly journals Allo-HSCT recipients with invasive fungal disease and ongoing immunosuppression have a high risk for developing tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apeng Yang ◽  
Jimin Shi ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
Yishan Ye ◽  
Yamin Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Invasive Fungal Disease ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Nested Case Control

AbstractPatients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) are at high risk of acquiring tuberculosis (TB) due to a status of immunosuppression. We conducted a nested case control study to investigate the incidence and risk factors for TB after allo-HSCT. Between 2012 and 2017, 730 consecutive allo-HSCT recipients were enrolled, and 14 patients (1.92%) were diagnosed with TB. Relatively, 54 allo-HSCT recipients were selected as control. Patients who suffered TB had a significantly higher 3-year non-relapse mortality rate than the control group (30.36% vs 5.39%, P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, invasive fungal disease (HR 4.87, 95% CI 1.39–17.09), treatment with a relatively high dose of prednisone (HR 10.34, 95% CI 1.12–95.47) and treatment with tacrolimus (HR 4.79, 95% CI 1.18–19.44) were identified independent risk factors for TB occurrence post allo-HSCT (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, donor type, dose and type of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) administrated, as well as treatment intensity, did not alter the incidence of TB. Therefore, allo-HSCT recipients with unexplained fever, especially those who suffer from invasive fungal disease and ongoing immunosuppression with a relatively high dose of prednisone or tacrolimus, are at a high-risk of developing active TB. Closely Monitoring TB occurrence, making a timely diagnosis and administering the proper treatment may be beneficial to those high-risk patients.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Intraoperative Pressure Injury in Aortic Surgery: A Nested Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Dong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Aortic Surgery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pressure Injury ◽  
Nested Case Control

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with an increased risk of intraoperativepressure injury in patients undergoing aortic surgery.Background: Intraoperative pressure injuries are some of the most significant health problems in clinical practice.According to previous studies, patients undergoing aortic surgery are at high risk of developing an intraoperative pressure injury, with an incidence much higher than that associated with other types of cardiac surgery.Design: This was a nested case-control study.Methods: Following the STROBE checklist, a nested case-control approach was adopted in this study. A patient cohort was selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria from patients undergoing aortic surgery. Data were collected from these patients by means of a tailored questionnaire designed in-house. Patients with intraoperative pressure injury at the end of surgery were identified as the case group, while the control group consisted of patients without intraoperative pressure injury. Patients in the groups underwent 1:1 matching based on age and sex. Initially,a single-factor analysis was conducted between the two groups. Subsequently, risk factors for intraoperative pressureinjury were identified through conditional logistic regression analysis with use of the variables that exhibited statisticallysignificant differences in the single-factor analysis.Results: A total of 400 patients were selected. Among these, 167 patients experienced intraoperative pressure injury at an incidence rate of 41.8%. Strict preoperative bed confinement, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest during surgery,application of norepinephrine or dopamine during surgery, and intraoperative skin wetting were associated with theoccurrence of intraoperative pressure injury in patients undergoing aortic surgery.Conclusions: Nurses should thoroughly assess the risk of intraoperative pressure injury and implement appropriatepreventative interventions, particularly in high-risk patients undergoing aortic surgery.

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