Risk factors for sporadic infection withSalmonellaInfantis: a matched case-control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BASSAL ◽  
A. REISFELD ◽  
I. NISSAN ◽  
V. AGMON ◽  
D. TARAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThis matched case-control study investigated the risk factors for sporadicSalmonellaInfantis infection in 263 affected children and 263 age-, gender- and neighbourhood-matched controls. Information about exposure to potential risk factors was obtained via telephone interview and evaluated by conditional logistic regression analysis. Age groups ⩽1 year (n = 77) and >1 year (n = 186) were analysed separately. Of those aged ⩽1 year, breastfeeding was a significant protective factor against infection [matched odds ratio (mOR) 0·24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·10–0·59,P < 0·01]. In the older group, consumption of eggs (mOR 1·87, 95% CI 1·00–3·49,P = 0·05) was a significant risk factor and thawing chicken in water (mOR 2·55, 95% CI 0·94–6·91,P = 0·07) was borderline risk factor, while consumption of carrots (mOR 0·46, 95% CI 0·26–0·83,P < 0·01), drinking tap water (mOR 0·44, 95% CI 0·22–0·85,P = 0·02), religious lifestyle (mOR 0·40, 95% CI 0·21–0·74,P < 0·01) and having a high number of children in the household (mOR 0·72, 95% CI 0·58–0·88,P < 0·01) were significant protective factors. Consumers should avoid eating undercooked eggs and food handlers should be educated regarding proper handling and cooking of eggs. Breastfeeding should be strongly encouraged by public health authorities. The public must be educated on stringent hygiene practices, especially proper cooking of eggs to reduce infection rates.

scholarly journals In-Hospital Transfer Is a Risk Factor for Invasive Filamentous Fungal Infection among Hospitalized Patients with Hematological Malignancies: A Matched Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angèle Gayet-Ageron ◽  
Anne Iten ◽  
Christian van Delden ◽  
Natacha Farquet ◽  
Stavroula Masouridi-Levrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVEImmunocompromised patients now benefit from a longer life expectancy due to advanced medical techniques, but they are also weakened by aggressive treatment approaches and are at high risk for invasive fungal disease. We determined risk factors associated with an outbreak of invasive filamentous fungal infection (IFFI) among hospitalized hemato-oncological patients.METHODSA retrospective, matched, case-control study was conducted between January 1, 2009, and April 31, 2011, including 29 cases (6 proven, 8 probable, and 15 possible) of IFFI and 102 matched control patients hospitalized during the same time period. Control patients were identified from the hospital electronic database. Conditional logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors for IFFI.RESULTSOverall mortality associated with IFFI was 20.7% (8.0%–39.7%). Myelodysplastic syndrome was associated with a higher risk for IFFI compared to chronic hematological malignancies. After adjustment for major risk factors and confounders, >5 patient transfers outside the protected environment of the hematology ward increased the IFFI risk by 6.1-fold. The risk increased by 6.7-fold when transfers were performed during neutropenia.CONCLUSIONThis IFFI outbreak was characterized by a strong association with exposure to the unprotected environment outside the hematology ward during patient transfer. The independent associations of a high number of transfers with the presence of neutropenia suggest that affected patients were probably not sufficiently protected during transport in the corridors. Our study highlights that a heightened awareness of the need for preventive measures during the entire care process of at-risk patients should be promoted among healthcare workers.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;00(0): 1–9

scholarly journals Sporadic community-acquired Legionnaires' disease in France: a 2-year national matched case-control study

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
pp. 1684-1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. CHE ◽  
C. CAMPESE ◽  
P. SANTA-OLALLA ◽  
G. JACQUIER ◽  
D. BITAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYLegionnaires' disease (LD) is an aetiology of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults, with a high case-fatality ratio (CFR). We conducted a matched case-control study to identify risk factors for sporadic, community-acquired LD. Cases of sporadic, community-acquired and biologically confirmed LD, in metropolitan France from 1 September 2002 to 31 September 2004, were matched with a control subject according to age, sex, underlying illness and location of residence within 5 km. We performed a conditional logistic regression on various host-related factors and exposures. Analysis was done on 546 matched pairs. The CFR was 3·5%. Age ranged from 18–93 years (mean 57 years), with a 3·6 male:female sex ratio. Cases were more likely to have smoked with the documentation of a dose-effect relation, to have travelled with a stay in a hotel (OR 6·1, 95% CI 2·6–14·2), or to have used a wash-hand basin for personal hygiene (OR 3·5, 95% CI 1·6–7·7) than controls. Tobacco and travel have been previously described as risk factors for LD, but this is the first time that such a dose-effect for tobacco has been documented among sporadic cases. These findings will provide helpful knowledge about LD and help practitioners in identifying patients at high risk.

Risk factors forClostridium difficileinfection in the community: a case-control study in patients in general practice, Denmark, 2009–2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
pp. 1437-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. SØES ◽  
H. M. HOLT ◽  
B. BÖTTIGER ◽  
H. V. NIELSEN ◽  
V. ANDREASEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYTo identify risk factors forClostridium difficileinfection (CDI) in Danish patients consulting general practice with gastrointestinal symptoms, a prospective matched case-control study was performed; cases (N = 259) had positive cultures for toxigenicC. difficileand controls (N = 455) negative cultures. Data were analysed by conditional logistic regression. In patients aged ⩾2 years (138 cases), hospitalization [odds ratio (OR) 8·4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3·1–23], consumption of beef (OR 5·5, 95% CI 2·0–15), phenoxymethylpenicillin (OR 15, 95% CI 2·7–82), dicloxacillin (OR 27, 95% CI 3·6–211), and extended spectrum penicillins (OR 9·2, 95% CI 1·9–45) were associated with CDI. In patients aged <2 years none of these were associated with CDI, but in a subgroup analysis contact with animals was associated with CDI (OR 8·1, 95% CI 1·0–64). This study emphasizes narrow-spectrum penicillins, and suggests beef consumption, as risk factors for CDI in adults, and indicates a different epidemiology of CDI in infants.

scholarly journals The Risk Factors for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Incidence in Ghana: A Small Matched Case-control Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Michael Boah ◽  
Daniel Adjei Amporfro ◽  
Timothy Adampah ◽  
Stephen Bordotsiah ◽  
Baiming Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Aims: Knowing the risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) opens up avenues for identifying target groups for intensified case finding. We aimed to identify the risk factors for pulmonary TB (PTB) incidence in a rural district in northern Ghana. Study Design: A matched case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: The Kassena Nankana West District of the Upper East Region of Ghana, between February 2019 and March 2019. Methodology: This study was conducted in 4 public health facilities. Cases were newly confirmed PTB patients aged 15 years or over, controls were age and sex matched outpatients. A pre-tested questionnaire collected information on a range of possible risk factors from participants. Conditional logistic regression identified independent risk factors for PTB incidence in a multivariable model at 95% confidence level. Results: The analysis included 174 cases and controls. Multivariable analysis showed that the risk of PTB was increased with low household monthly income (AOR=3.45; 95% CI: 1.08-10.97; P=.03), smoking (AOR=2.69; 95% CI: 1.13-6.43; P=.02) as well as household exposure to a known TB case (AOR=2.57; 95% CI: 1.08-6.10; P=.03). Conclusion: Low household monthly income, smoking, and household exposure to a known TB case were independent risk factors for PTB incidence. These factors can be used to actively screen for PTB in the population.

Risk factors for in-hospital mortality after spine surgery: a matched case-control study using a multicenter database

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-328
Author(s):  
Junichi Kushioka ◽  
Shota Takenaka ◽  
Takahiro Makino ◽  
Yusuke Sakai ◽  
Masafumi Kashii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

The Sociodemographic and Risk Factors for Keratoconus: Nationwide Matched Case-Control Study in Taiwan, 1998-2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
Ken-Kuo Lin ◽  
Jiahn-Shing Lee ◽  
Chiun-Ho Hou ◽  
Wei-Min Chen ◽  
Ching-Hsi Hsiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk of Selective and Nonselective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors (COX-Is) in Arthritic Patients: A Comparative Matched Case Control Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-338
Author(s):  
N. Quraishi ◽  
U. Bhosale ◽  
R. Yegnanarayan ◽  
D. Devasthale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

This study was conducted to assess and compare the cardiovascular risk and to explore the demography of CV risk of nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX-Is) and selective COX-2-Is in arthritic patients. In this comparative matched case control study adult arthritic patients of either sex taking COX-Is for >1 yr; were included. Arthritic age and sex matched individuals with no history of COX-Is treatment were the controls. Patients those with history of any other disease (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, stroke, IHD etc.) were excluded. Patients were grouped into Control, nonselective COX-I and selective COX-2-I groups. The CV risk factors like blood pressure, blood sugar level(BSL), lipid profile, BMI(body mass index) etc. were assessed and compared; demography of CV risk factors i.e. age, sex, smoking, alcohol, heredity was also studied. Qualitative data was analyzed using Chi-square and quantitative data was analyzed by student’s‘t’-test. Study clearly revealed that all NSAIDs exhibit significant CV risk when taken over a period of time as in arthritis. However selective COX 2-Is found to exhibit more CV risk in this regard. Odds ratio (OR) for CV risk=10.3(95% CI: 1.45, 3.31) and OR for CV risk=5.2(95%CI: 1.05, 2.57) for nonselective COX-Is. BMI, BSL and lipid profile; the potential CV risk factors, showed significant impairment in selective COX 2-Is group; P<0.05, P<0.05 and P<0.01 (HDL), P<0.001 (cholesterol), respectively compared to controls and P<0.05 compared to nonselective COX-Is. This study portrays the potential CV risk of selective COX 2-Is and confirms and re-evaluate the results of earlier studies in this regard.  Keywords: Anti-arthritic agents; BMI; COX-Is; CV risk; Lipid profile.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17039 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 328-338 (2014)  

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