Assessment of the sensitivity of the gamma-interferon test and the single intradermal comparative cervical test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis under field conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. PRAUD ◽  
M. L. BOSCHIROLI ◽  
L. MEYER ◽  
B. GARIN-BASTUJI ◽  
B. DUFOUR
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Testing Scheme ◽  
Serial Testing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual

SUMMARYIn some French départements, the eradication of bovine tuberculosis is incomplete and usual skin tests [single intradermal tuberculin test (SIT) and single intradermal comparative cervical test (SICCT)] have poor specificity due to cross-reactions with non-pathogenic mycobacteria, causing economic losses. In Côte d'Or (Burgundy, France), an experimental serial testing scheme based on the combination of SICCT and gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) tests has been initiated in order to shorten the interval between suspicion and its invalidation in herds with false-positive results to skin tests. Our aim was to assess the scheme's sensitivity and to compare it to the sensitivity of the screening scheme recommended by the European Commission. Our study included 1768 animals from Côte d'Or. The sensitivities of both schemes were estimated using a Bayesian approach. The individual sensitivity of the IFN-γtest [88·1%, 95% credibility interval (CrI) 72·8–97·5] was not significantly different from individual SICCT sensitivity (80·3%, 95% CrI 61·6–98·0) and individual SIT sensitivity (84·2%, 95% CrI 59·0–98·2). The individual specificity of the IFN-γtest was 62·3% (95% CrI 60·2–64·5). No significant difference could be demonstrated between the sensitivities of the serial testing scheme used in Côte d'Or (73·1%, 95% CrI 41·1–100) and the European Union serial testing scheme (70·1%, 95% CrI 31·5–100·0).

scholarly journals Assessment of the specificity of a gamma-interferon test performed with specific antigens to detect bovine tuberculosis, after non-negative results to intradermal tuberculin testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Praud ◽  
Clémence Bourély ◽  
Maria-Laura Boschiroli ◽  
Barbara Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
In Series ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Tuberculin Testing ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

In cattle herds in France, cervical skin tests (STs) using simple intradermal tuberculin (SIT) are performed to detect bovine tuberculosis (bTB). When positive results are found on ST screening, the herd is considered to be ‘under suspicion’ and confined, raising economic issues. The suspicion can be lifted by carrying out a single intradermal cervical comparative test (SICCT) at least six weeks later.The authors conducted an experimental study in France between 2013 and 2015 to assess the accuracy of the gamma-interferon test (IFN-γ), used in series after a non-negative result to ST screening, and to study the possibility of replacing the SICCT performed six weeks later by an IFN performed within a few days. Data were collected concerning 40 infected and 1825 bTB-free animals from herds with non-negative results to ST screening. This study showed that the IFN-γ test based on specific antigens and performed within a few days of a non-negative result to the ST has higher sensitivity than the SICCT performed six weeks later and equal specificity. The IFN test is more convenient to perform; however, it is more expensive. The IFN-γ test based on MIX antigens may be a useful alternative to the SICCT, to shorten the confinement period of suspect herds without underdetecting bTB.

Diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in livestock using gamma interferon assay and single intradermal comparative tuberculin test in Assam and Meghalaya

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acheenta G. Barua ◽  
Himangshu Raj ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Chandana C. Barua ◽  
Arundhati Purkayastha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Pcr Targeting

The present study was carried out to investigate the diagnostic potential of gamma interferon (IFN-ã) assay and single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT), including species specification of bovine tuberculosis infection in different livestock farms of Assam and Meghalaya. A total of 199 animals (cattle and buffalo) were examined for bovine tuberculosis symptoms and swab samples were cultured. Biochemical tests and PCR were used for species specification of bovine tuberculosis. Out of 199 cases examined, 33 (16.58%) showed positive for SICTT, 39 (19.59%) for IFN-ã and 35(17.59%) for PCR. Based on PCR targeting pncA region, the confirmation was done for M. Bovis. IFN-ã thus ensures a sensitive and specific detection of early bovine tuberculosis infection together with SICTT and hence may be considered as a screening method of choice.

scholarly journals Nasal swab real-time PCR is not suitable for in vivo diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-554
Author(s):  
Fabiana Q. Mayer ◽  
Emily M. dos Reis ◽  
André Vinícius A. Bezerra ◽  
Rogério O. Rodrigues ◽  
Thais Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
In Vivo Diagnosis

ABSTRACT: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonosis causing economic losses and public health risks in many countries. The disease diagnosis in live animals is performed by intradermal tuberculin test, which is based on delayed hypersensitivity reactions. As tuberculosis has complex immune response, this test has limitations in sensitivity and specificity. This study sought to test an alternative approach for in vivo diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis, based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA samples, extracted from nasal swabs of live cows, were used for SYBR® Green real-time PCR, which is able to differentiate between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complexes. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the results of tuberculin test, the in vivo gold standard bTB diagnosis method, with real-time PCR, thereby determining the specificity and sensitivity of molecular method. Cervical comparative test (CCT) was performed in 238 animals, of which 193 had suitable DNA from nasal swabs for molecular analysis, as indicated by amplification of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene, and were included in the study. In total, 25 (10.5%) of the animals were CCT reactive, of which none was positive in the molecular test. Of the 168 CCT negative animals, four were positive for M. tuberculosis complex at real time PCR from nasal swabs. The comparison of these results generated values of sensitivity and specificity of 0% and 97.6%, respectively; moreover, low coefficients of agreement and correlation (-0.029 and -0.049, respectively) between the results obtained with both tests were also observed. This study showed that real-time PCR from nasal swabs is not suitable for in vivo diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis; thus tuberculin skin test is still the best option for this purpose.

scholarly journals Parameter estimation and use of gamma interferon assay for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano B. Lopes ◽  
Telma M. Alves ◽  
Ana Paula R. Stynen ◽  
Pedro M.P.C. Mota ◽  
Rômulo C. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Latent Class Model ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Class Model ◽  
Parallel Testing ◽  
Serial Testing

This study aimed to evaluate the interference of tuberculin test on the gamma-interferon (INFg) assay, to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the INFg assay in Brazilian conditions, and to simulate multiple testing using the comparative tuberculin test and the INFg assay. Three hundred-fifty cattle from two TB-free and two TB-infected herds were submitted to the comparative tuberculin test and the INFg assay. The comparative tuberculin test was performed using avian and bovine PPD. The INFg assay was performed by the BovigamTM kit (CSL Veterinary, Australia), according to the manufacturer's specifications. Sensitivity and specificity of the INFg assay were assessed by a Bayesian latent class model. These diagnostic parameters were also estimate for multiple testing. The results of INFg assay on D0 and D3 after the comparative tuberculin test were compared by the McNemar's test and kappa statistics. Results of mean optical density from INFg assay on both days were similar. Sensitivity and specificity of the INFg assay showed results varying (95% confidence intervals) from 72 to 100% and 74 to 100% respectively. Sensitivity of parallel testing was over 97.5%, while specificity of serial testing was over 99.7%. The INFg assay proved to be a very useful diagnostic method.

scholarly journals Using of Gamma Interferon γ-IFN and Multiplex PCR (m-PCR) for Detection of Bovine Tuberculosis in Dairy Herds in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-233
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Assay Sensitivity

Many diagnostic tools are essential for Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) eradication program. This study aimed to apply γ-IFN assay to detect bovine tuberculosis and multiplex PCR (m-PCR) for rapid identification of Mycobacterial isolates. A total no. of 150 cattle in 10 small farms at different Governorates in Egypt, were previously gave suspected results with comparative cervical tuberculin test (SICCT), they retested after 60 days later again with SICCT and bovine gamma-interferon (γ-IFN) immunoassay. Eighty-seven (58%) out of total 150 animals were +ve reactors by SICCT test while 80 (53.3%) animals gave +ve γ-IFN assay. The isolated M. bovis by conventional culturing and identification tests were +ve 55 (63.2%) out 87. The γ-IFN assay sensitivity and specificity gave 82.9% and 93.8% respectively. For rapid identification of different mycobacterial isolates using m-PCR two set of primers were used. The first set gave 123bp DNA PCR product expressing IS6110 insertion element for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC). The other one gave 500bp from RvD1Rv2031c genomic sequence definite to M. bovis. M-PCR findings were in a concordance with results of conventional culturing and identification tests with high sensitivity and specificity (100%). From this study, it is concluded that diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) used tuberculin test and γ-IFN assay with m-PCR for rapid identification M. bovis isolates in living herds.

Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Lactating Cattle and Buffaloes by Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test and Bovine Gamma-Interferon Immunoassay

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069
Author(s):  
Paramjeet Ahir ◽  
Gursimran Filia ◽  
Vishal Mahajan ◽  
Geeta D Leishangthem ◽  
Tejinder S Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Gamma Interferon

scholarly journals Evaluation of adenosine deaminase activity in serum of cattle and buffaloes in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Navdeep Kaur Dhaliwal ◽  
Deepti Narang ◽  
Mudit Chandra ◽  
Gursimran Filia ◽  
Sikh Tejinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase Activity ◽  
Ifn Γ

Background and Aim: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic bacterial disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium bovis. bTB causes severe economic losses resulting from livestock deaths, chronic disease, and trade restrictions. Determination of serum levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme produced by monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes, has been used in the diagnosis of human TB. This study aimed to evaluate the role of ADA enzyme activity in the diagnosis of bTB. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 100 animals (cattle and buffaloes) were screened for bTB by comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) test and in serum samples obtained from 100 screened animals, ADA seric activity was evaluated using ADA-MTB kit procured from Tulip Diagnostics. Results: A total of 18 animals were positive TB reactors by CITT, 8 were positive by IFN-γ, and 4 animals were positive by both CITT and IFN-γ. The average ADA value of bTB-positive animals either by CITT, IFN-γ, or both CITT and IFN-γ was 12.55 U/L, 14.8 U/L, and 18.36 U/L, respectively, in CID negative, it was 10.57 U/L and in IFN-γ negative, it was 10.59 U/L. Conclusion: The average ADA value of bTB-positive animals positive either by CITT, IFN-γ, or both CITT and IFN-γ was more than the average ADA value in animals negative for bTB by either of the tests.

scholarly journals High Prevalence and Increased Severity of Pathology of Bovine Tuberculosis in Holsteins Compared to Zebu Breeds under Field Cattle Husbandry in Central Ethiopia

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1356-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gobena Ameni ◽  
Abraham Aseffa ◽  
Howard Engers ◽  
Douglas Young ◽  
Stephen Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cattle Husbandry

ABSTRACT A comparative study on the prevalence and pathology of bovine tuberculosis (TB) was conducted on 5,424 cattle (2,578 zebus, 1,921 crosses, and 925 Holsteins), which were kept on pasture in the central highlands of Ethiopia, using a comparative intradermal tuberculin test, postmortem examination, and bacteriology. The overall prevalence of bovine TB was 13.5%; prevalence was higher in Holsteins than either zebus (22.2% versus 11.6%, χ2 = 61.8; P < 0.001) or crosses (22.2% versus 11.9%, χ2 = 50.7; P < 0.001). Moreover, the severity of pathology in Holsteins (mean ± standard error of the mean [SEM], 6.84 ± 0.79) was significantly higher (P = 0.018) than the severity of pathology in zebus (5.21 ± 0.30). In addition, the risk of TB in Holsteins was more than twice (odds ratio [OR] = 2.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.89, 2.85) that in zebus. Animals between 5 and 9 years of age were at higher (OR = 2.37; 95% CI = 1.80, 3.12) risk of bovine TB than those 2 years of age or below. A significant difference (χ2 = 351; P < 0.001) in the occurrence of TB lesions in lymph nodes was recorded; the mesenteric lymph node (mean pathology score ± SEM, 1.95 ± 0.08) was most severely affected, followed by the retropharyngeal (0.80 ± 0.05) and caudal mediastinal (0.8 ± 0.06) lymph nodes. Fifty-six percent (n = 145) of the animals with gross TB lesions were culture positive; the lowest culture positivity was recorded in the skin lesions (27.3%) and the lesions of the mesenteric lymph node (31.5%). Both the skin test response and the postmortem findings suggested a higher susceptibility to bovine TB in Holsteins than zebus under identical field husbandry conditions (on pasture). In the light of increased numbers of Holstein cattle introduced into this area to raise milk production to satisfy the needs of Addis Ababa's growing population, these findings highlight the need for a control program in these herds.

scholarly journals Flow Cytometric Detection of Gamma Interferon Can Effectively Discriminate Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Vaccinated Cattle from M. bovis-Infected Cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sopp ◽  
C. J. Howard ◽  
J. C. Hope
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a disease that is increasing in incidence in United Kingdom cattle herds. In addition to increasing economic losses, the rise in bovine tuberculosis poses a human health risk. There is an urgent requirement for effective strategies for disease eradication; this will likely involve vaccination in conjunction with current test and slaughter policies. A policy involving vaccination would require an accurate diagnosis of M. bovis-infected animals and the potential to distinguish these animals from vaccinates. Currently used diagnostic tests, the skin test and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) blood test, have a sensitivity of up to 95%. A further complication is that M. bovis BCG-vaccinated animals are also scored positive by these tests. We tested the hypothesis that the quantification of IFN-γ-producing lymphocytes by flow cytometric analysis of intracellular IFN-γ expression would provide a more accurate discrimination of M. bovis-infected animals from BCG vaccinates. Significant numbers of IFN-γ-expressing CD4+ T cells were detected following culture of heparinized blood from M. bovis-infected animals, but not from BCG vaccinates, with purified protein derived from M. bovis (PPD-B) or live mycobacteria. Only 1 of 17 BCG-vaccinated animals had a significant number of CD4+ T lymphocytes expressing IFN-γ, compared with 21/22 M. bovis-infected animals. This assay could allow an accurate diagnosis of M. bovis and allow the discrimination of BCG-vaccinated cattle from infected cattle.

scholarly journals Detection of specific antibodies in cows after injection of PPD

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla D. Marassi ◽  
Carlos Zarden ◽  
Walter Oelemann ◽  
Walter Lilenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Infected Herd ◽  
F Test ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Mycobacterial Antigens ◽  
Booster Effect

The diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis aims to identify the immune response against mycobacterial antigens. Although Single Intradermal Comparative Cervical Tuberculin test (SICCT) is broadly used for first identification of the disease, the performance of ELISAs has been investigated for diagnosis improvement. The present study expected to find out the influence of intradermal skin tests on the results of ELISAs using the recombinant proteins MPB70 and MPB83 as antigens on cows from a naturally infected herd. Results were analyzed by the F-test, Mann-Whitney and Friedman tests Although comparable to both proteins, results showed that positive animals presented a tendency of augment reactivity to MPB70, representing a tendency for a booster effect, but not to MPB83.

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