Seroprevalence and associated risk factors ofToxoplasma gondiiinfection in psychiatric patients: a case-control study in eastern China

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (14) ◽  
pp. 3103-3109 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. CONG ◽  
W. DONG ◽  
L. BAI ◽  
X.-Y. WANG ◽  
X.-T. NI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYIn recent years, the effect ofToxoplasma gondiiinfection on the cerebrum and neuropsychiatric patients has been increasingly highlighted. However, there is limited information about the epidemiology ofT. gondiiinfection in psychiatric patients in Shandong province, eastern China. Therefore, through a case-control study, 445 patients hospitalized for diacrisis or treatment in Weihai, eastern China, and 445 control subjects from the general population of the same region matched by gender, age, and residence were examined with enzyme-linked immunoassays for the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies toT. gondiiand associated sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics in a population of psychiatric patients. Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies toT. gondiiin psychiatric patients (77/445, 17·30%) was significantly higher than in control subjects (55/445, 12·36%) (P= 0·038). Fourteen (3·15%) psychiatric patients and 10 (2·25%) control subjects had IgM antibodies toT. gondii(P= 0·408). Multivariate analysis using logic regression showed thatT. gondiiinfection was associated with cats at home and consumption of raw/undercooked meat in psychiatric patients. Considering that most psychiatric patients usually have lower cognitive functioning and additional transmission routes related to their inappropriate behaviours that could enhance the risk of infection, psychiatric patients should be considered as a specific group ofT. gondiiinfection.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondiiInfection in Pregnant Women: A Seroprevalence and Case-Control Study in Eastern China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Cong ◽  
Xiao-Yan Dong ◽  
Qing-Feng Meng ◽  
Na Zhou ◽  
Xiang-Yang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Very limited information is available concerning the epidemiology ofT. gondiiinfection in pregnant women in eastern China. Therefore, a case-control study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in this population group and to identify risk factors and possible routes of contamination. Serum samples were collected from 965 pregnant women and 965 age-matched nonpregnant control subjects in Qingdao and Weihai between October 2011 and July 2013. These were screened with enzyme linked immunoassays for the presence of anti-ToxoplasmaIgG and anti-ToxoplasmaIgM antibodies. 147 (15.2%) pregnant women and 167 (17.3%) control subjects were positive for anti-T. gondiiIgG antibodies, while 28 (2.9%) pregnant women and 37 (3.8%) controls were positive for anti-T. gondiiIgM antibodies (P=0.256). There was no significant difference between pregnant women and nonpregnant controls with regard to the seroprevalence of either anti-T. gondiiIgG or IgM antibodies. Multivariate analysis showed thatT. gondiiinfection was associated with location, cats in home, contact with cats and dogs, and exposure to soil. The results indicated that the seroprevalence ofT. gondiiinfection in pregnant women is high compared to most other regions of China and other East Asian countries with similar climatic conditions.

Carotid ultrasound findings in rheumatoid arthritis and control subjects: A case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin I. Wah-Suarez ◽  
Dionicio A. Galarza-Delgado ◽  
Jose R. Azpiri-Lopez ◽  
Iris J. Colunga-Pedraza ◽  
Estefania E. Abundis-Marquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Carotid Ultrasound ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Malnutrition Concerning Geriatric Depression and Associated Risk Factors: A Community-based Case-control Study in Rural Elderly of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ziaul Islam ◽  
Tasnim Disu ◽  
Shatmin Farjana ◽  
Mohammad Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Malnutrition and depression are highly prevalent in the elderly and can lead to disparaging outcomes. Analytical studies on malnutrition concerning geriatric depression (GD) are very scarce in Bangladesh, although the size of the elderly population is increasing fast in the country. The current study aimed to assess the association between malnutrition and depression and associated risk factors in the rural elderly.Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 600 elderly residents (aged ≥60 years) of three rural communities of Bangladesh from January to October 2019. Three hundred depressed elderly people were enrolled as cases and 300 non-depressed elderly individuals were included as community controls by matching the age and living area of the cases. We used a semi-structured questionnaire based on the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 and the Bangla version of Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form to collect data through face-to-face interviews. Measures included baseline and personal characteristics, malnutrition, GD, and associated risk factors. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify variables associated with the risk of GD.Results: The study found no significant difference in gender (male Vs. female) between cases (44.0% Vs. 56.0%) and controls (46.0% Vs. 54.0%). The study revealed that malnutrition was significantly (p<0.01) higher in cases (56.0%) than in controls (18.0%). The malnourished elderly had around three times AOR=3.155; 95% CI: 1.53-6.49, p=0.002) more (risk of having depression than the controls. The unemployed elderly (AOR=4.964; 95% CI: 2.361-10.440; p=0.0001) and the elderly of the lower and middle class (AOR=3.654; 95% CI: 2.266-7.767; p=0.001) were more likely to experience depression. The elderly having a poor diet were more likely to experience depression (AOR=3.384; 95% CI: 1.764-6.703; p=0.0001). The single elderly (AOR=2.368; 95% CI: 1.762-6.524; p=0.001) and the elderly tobacco users (AOR=2.332; 95% CI: 1.663-5.623; p=0.003) were more likely to experience depression.Conclusions: A significant association between malnutrition and depression is evident in the rural elderly individuals of Bangladesh. It will be a prolific initiative if policymakers merge malnutrition and the risk factors associated with geriatric depression in the provision of universal health care for better health and well-being of the rural elderly populations.

scholarly journals Determinants of Implanon Discontinuation among Women Who Use Implanon at Bahir Dar Town Health Institutions, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tsegaw Yehuala ◽  
Ergoye Melese ◽  
Kassawmar Angaw Bogale ◽  
Baye Dagnew
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Control Study

Background. Implanon is a long-acting reversible contraceptive method that is 99% effective in preventing unintended pregnancy. Despite its effectiveness, the rate of Implanon discontinuation is high. In Ethiopia, there is limited information about determinants of Implanon discontinuation. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of Implanon discontinuation among women who used Implanon at Bahir Dar town health institutions. Methods. We employed an unmatched case-control study to find out the determinants of Implanon discontinuation at Bahir Dar town health institutions from March to June 2019 using the multistage stratified sampling technique to select study participants. Cases were women who had discontinued Implanon before completion of 3 years, and controls were women who had removed Implanon at the date of appointment (3 years). A pretested, structured questionnaire with face-to-face interviews was used. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify determinants of Implanon discontinuation. In the final model, variables with a p value of <0.05 were considered significant at 95% confidence interval and the strength of association was measured using odds ratio. Results. Primary education (AOR = 0.104, 95% CI (0.02–0.48)), secondary education (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI (0.24–0.952)), women who have no child (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI (1.2–3.4)), women who had no discussion with their partner (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI (1.39–3.57)), mass counseling (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI (1.75–7.01)), women who had no counseling about side effects (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI (1.07–2.07)), women who experienced side effects (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI (1.4–3.4)), and purpose of family planning use (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI (1.14–4.8)) were determinants of Implanon discontinuation. Conclusion. Implanon discontinuation is attributed by multifactorial involvement. Women’s educational status, nulliparity, no counseling, not informed of side effects, and no partner discussion are significant factors. Health sector stakeholders need to tailor counseling services at individual level to bolster family planning utilization until the desired time.

scholarly journals Case Control Study of Cerebrovascular Damage Defined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with OSA and Normal Matched Control Subjects

SLEEP ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W.H. Davies ◽  
Joy H. Crosby ◽  
Rebecca L. Mullins ◽  
Zoë C. Traill ◽  
Philip Anslow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Control Study
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