scholarly journals Persistence of Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 in dairy cattle and the dairy farm environment

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. RAHN ◽  
S. A. RENWICK ◽  
R. P. JOHNSON ◽  
J. B. WILSON ◽  
R. C. CLARKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
One Year ◽  
Culture Negative ◽  
Composite Samples

The persistence of Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 in cattle and the farm environment was investigated on eight Ontario dairy farms positive for E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 in a longitudinal study commenced one year previously. Faecal samples from cows, calves, humans, cats, rodents, wild birds, a composite fly sample and numerous composite and individual environmental samples were cultured and tested for verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC). VTEC isolates were serotyped and E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 isolates were phage typed. E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 phage type 34 was isolated from one calf on each of two farms. The same phage type had been isolated on one of these farms 12 months earlier. Most E. coli O157[ratio ]H7-positive animals and farms became culture-negative within 2 and 3 months, respectively. E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 was not isolated from any environmental samples, although evidence of VTEC was found in composite samples from calf feeders (19·1%), calf barn surfaces (18%), cow feeders (14·9%), flies (12·5%), cow barn surfaces (11·3%), and individual milk filters (12·5%). VTEC belonging to 21 non-O157 serotypes were isolated from 24 cows (8·2%), 21 calves (18·3%), 2 cow feeder samples (3·0%), and 1 calf feeder sample (4·8%). Shedding of E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 by infected dairy cattle appears to be transient and persistence of E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 was not demonstrated from the farm environment sites tested.

scholarly journals  Faecal shedding of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli in cattle in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Alexa ◽  
L. Konstantinova ◽  
Z. Sramkova-Zajacova
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Somatic Antigen ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
E Coli ◽  
One Year

A survey to estimate the prevalence of verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) or enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) in rectal swabs from healthy dairy cattle aged three weeks, three months and one year was conducted in three herds from the Czech Republic. Screening for the presence of the stx1, stx2 and eaeA genes in faecal swab cultures was performed by PCR, and in positive samples, isolated colonies were examined. Immunomagnetic separation was used for the isolation of the VTEC serogroup O157 from samples. VTEC were detected in animals from all three herds under study. In the group of 3-week-old calves, VTEC were only detected in samples collected in the summer months. However, in the other age-groups, VTEC were detected in both the summer and winter months. EHEC shedding was observed in 30 to 100% of the total samples collected from cattle aged three months and one year in the summer months, and in 30 to 60% of samples taken in the winter months. EHEC strains of serogroup O157 were detected in two herds. The range of verotoxins shed by VTEC isolates of serogroup O157 differed between herds. Besides serogroup O157, additional EHEC belonging to the antigen groups O26, O103, O128 and O153 have been identified, and in some of them, no somatic antigen was detected.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 diarrhoea associated with well water and infected cattle on an Ontario farm

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. JACKSON ◽  
R. B. GOODBRAND ◽  
R. P. JOHNSON ◽  
V. G. ODORICO ◽  
D. ALVES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Unpasteurized Milk ◽  
Hydrogeological Investigation

A 16-month old female child living on an Ontario dairy farm was taken to hospital suffering from bloody diarrhoea. Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 was isolated from her stool. Initial tests of well water samples were negative for E. coli by standard methods but culture of selected coliform colonies on sorbitol-MacConkey agar led to isolation of E. coli O157[ratio ]H7. E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 was also isolated from 63% of cattle on the farm. The E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 isolates from the child, the water and the cattle were phage type 14, produced verotoxins 1 and 2, and were highly related on analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. The child did not have known direct contact with the cattle and did not consume unpasteurized milk. Hydrogeological investigation revealed the design and location of the well would allow manure-contaminated surface water to flow into the well. This investigation demonstrates that cattle farm well water is a potential source of E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 which may not be identified by standard screening for E. coli in water.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Diversity of CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli From the Seine River

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Girlich ◽  
Rémy A. Bonnin ◽  
Thierry Naas
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Seine River ◽  
E Coli ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Esbl Producers ◽  
M 14

CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli are spreading since 1999 both in clinical and in community settings. Environmental samples such as rivers have also been pointed out as being vectors for ESBL producers. In this report, we have investigated the presence and the diversity of CTX-M-producing E. coli isolates in two samplings of the Seine River (next to Notre Dame), Paris France, performed in June 2016 and 2017. The total number of bacteria growing on the selective ChromID ESBL agar was 3.1 × 105 cfu/L (23.8% of all growing bacteria) in 2016, whereas it was 100-fold lower in 2017 (3 × 103 cfu/L; 8.3% of all growing bacteria). However, among them, the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli increased from <0.1 to 1.1% in one-year. ESBLs were exclusively of the CTX-M-type: CTX-M-1 (n = 5), CTX-M-15 (n = 7), CTX-M-14 (n = 1), and CTX-M-27 (n = 2). The isolates belonged to several multi locus sequence types, and a wide diversity of incompatibility groups of plasmids were identified in those E. coli isolates. The occurrence and diversity of E. coli isolates belonging to many clones and producing many CTX-M-variants have been identified in our study. The presence of these bacteria in rivers that are open again for recreational usage (swimming) is worrying as it may contribute to further dissemination of ESBL producers in the community.

scholarly journals Infection with verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 during a visit to an inner city open farm

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. CHAPMAN ◽  
J. CORNELL ◽  
C. GREEN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Magnetic Beads ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Faecal Samples

Two cases of Escherichia coli O157 infection occurred in children after visiting an inner city open farm. Subsequently faecal samples collected from animal pens and samples of composted mixed animal manure and vegetable waste were examined for E. coli O157 by enrichment culture, immunomagnetic separation and culture of magnetic beads to cefixime tellurite sorbitol MacConkey agar. Strains of E. coli O157 were characterized by hybridization with DNA probes for VT1, VT2 and eaeA, plasmid profile analysis, phage typing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Verocytotoxin-producing E. coli O157 strains were isolated from faecal samples from a cow, a horse, 3 breeds of pigs, 2 breeds of sheep and 2 breeds of goats and from 2 samples of compost which had been processed for 3 months. All strains were phage type 21, hybridized with probes for VT2 and eaeA but not with one for VT1, harboured 92 and 2 kb plasmids and gave indistinguishable banding patterns with PFGE. Although only two culture-confirmed cases of infection had been identified, the farm had over 100 000 visitors per year and so it was closed as a precaution both to allow a thorough investigation and to prevent further cases. The investigation identified many factors which may have contributed to transmission of E. coli O157 infection. Most of these were readily resolved by appropriate corrective measures and as there were no further cases associated with the farm during the ensuing 4 weeks it then re-opened. These cases highlight the risk, especially to young children, of acquiring zoonotic infections during visits to open farms and emphasize the need for adequate guidance and supervision before and during such visits.

Prevalence and risk-factor analysis of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli in faecal samples of organically and conventionally farmed dairy cattle

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kuhnert ◽  
Christoph R. Dubosson ◽  
Markus Roesch ◽  
Esther Homfeld ◽  
Marcus G. Doherr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Risk Factor Analysis ◽  
Faecal Samples

scholarly journals Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. associated with dairy cattle and farm environment having public health significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 984-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdus Sobur ◽  
Abdullah Al Momen Sabuj ◽  
Ripon Sarker ◽  
A. M. M. Taufiqur Rahman ◽  
S. M. Lutful Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
One Health ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli

Aim: The present study was carried out to determine load of total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in dairy farm and its environmental components. In addition, the antibiogram profile of the isolated bacteria having public health impact was also determined along with identification of virulence and resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under a one-health approach. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 samples of six types (cow dung - 15, milk - 10, milkers' hand wash - 10, soil - 10 water - 5, and vegetables - 10) were collected from four dairy farms. For enumeration, the samples were cultured onto plate count agar, eosin methylene blue, and xylose-lysine deoxycholate agar and the isolation and identification of the E. coli and Salmonella spp. were performed based on morphology, cultural, staining, and biochemical properties followed by PCR. The pathogenic strains of E. coli stx1, stx2, and rfbO157 were also identified through PCR. The isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test against 12 commonly used antibiotics by disk diffusion method. Detection of antibiotic resistance genes ereA, tetA, tetB, and SHV were performed by PCR. Results: The mean total bacterial count, E. coli and Salmonella spp. count in the samples ranged from 4.54±0.05 to 8.65±0.06, 3.62±0.07 to 7.04±0.48, and 2.52±0.08 to 5.87±0.05 log colony-forming unit/g or ml, respectively. Out of 240 samples, 180 (75%) isolates of E. coli and 136 (56.67%) isolates of Salmonella spp. were recovered through cultural and molecular tests. Among the 180 E. coli isolates, 47 (26.11%) were found positive for the presence of all the three virulent genes, of which stx1 was the most prevalent (13.33%). Only three isolates were identified as enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that both E. coli and Salmonella spp. were found highly resistant to azithromycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, and ertapenem and susceptible to gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem. Among the four antibiotic resistance genes, the most observable was tetA (80.51-84.74%) in E. coli and Salmonella spp. and SHV genes were the lowest one (22.06-25%). Conclusion: Dairy farm and their environmental components carry antibiotic-resistant pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella spp. that are potential threat for human health which requires a one-health approach to combat the threat.

scholarly journals A novel report of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 gene from animal and human feacal samples in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbenga A. Olowe ◽  
Rita A. Olowe ◽  
Adeolu S. Oluremi ◽  
Olusolabomi J. Adefioye
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Faecal Samples

Background: The mobilized colistin resistance (m cr)-1 gene confers transferable colistin resistance. Reports of mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli (MCRPE) have attracted substantial attention. However, in Nigeria, there is no report of mcr-1 gene resistance. Since colistin is a last resort for multiple drug-resistant isolates, this study therefore report the prevalence of mcr-1 gene among E. coli isolated from human and animal sources. Methods: Out of a total of 280 samples collected from animal and hum an faecal samples from selected farms in Oyo and Osun States, Southwestern Nigeria between July 2015 and June 2016, 60 E. coli were identified using standard microbiological methods. The mcr-1 gene was detected in the isolates by conventional PCR assay. Results: The m cr-1 gene was low and not statistically significant (p≥0.05). It was detected in 5 (8.3%) of 60 E. coli isolates (4= animals; 1= human) Conclusion: This study is the first report of mcr -1 gene from E. coli from human and animal sources in Nigeria. This calls for urgent caution in the use of colistin in animal husbandry.

Potential pitfalls in the quantitative molecular detection ofEscherichia coliO157:H7 in environmental matrices

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka R.E Artz ◽  
Lisa M Avery ◽  
Davey L Jones ◽  
Ken Killham
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Soil System ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Animal Wastes ◽  
Pcr Assays

The detection sensitivity and potential interference factors of a commonly used assay based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Escherichia coli O157:H7 using eae gene-specific primers were assessed. Animal wastes and soil samples were spiked with known replicate quantities of a nontoxigenic strain of E. coli O157:H7 in a viable or dead state and as unprotected DNA. The detection sensitivity and accuracy of real-time PCR for E. coli O157:H7 in animal wastes and soil is low compared to enrichment culturing. Nonviable cells and unprotected DNA were shown to produce positive results in several of the environmental samples tested, leading to potential overestimates of cell numbers due to prolonged detection of nonviable cells. This demonstrates the necessity for the specific calibration of real-time PCR assays in environmental samples. The accuracy of the eae gene–based detection method was further evaluated over time in a soil system against an activity measurement, using the bioluminescent properties of an E. coli O157:H7 Tn5luxCDABE construct. The detection of significant numbers of viable but nonculturable (VBNC) as well as nonviable and possibly physically protected cells as shown over a period of 90 days further complicates the use of real-time PCR assays for quick diagnostics in environmental samples and infers that enrichment culturing is still required for the final verification of samples found positive by real-time PCR methods.Key words: Escherichia coli O157:H7, real-time PCR, animal waste, soil, VBNC.

Isolation of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and other Shiga-like-toxin-producing E. coli from dairy cattle.

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 985-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
J G Wells ◽  
L D Shipman ◽  
K D Greene ◽  
E G Sowers ◽  
J H Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
E Coli
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