Habitat-correlated seed germination and morphology in populations of Phillyrea angustifolia L. (Oleaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mira ◽  
Alberto Arnal ◽  
Félix Pérez-García
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Phillyrea Angustifolia

AbstractThe broad aim of this work was to study intraspecific variation of seed germination in Phillyrea angustifolia L. (Oleaceae), a species with a hard (water-permeable) endocarp. Germination of seeds from six different wild populations was correlated with traits related either to seed morphology or to environmental parameters. Germination of naked seeds (seeds without endocarp) at the optimum germination conditions was similar among populations and individuals, but great differences could be detected regarding the germination of seeds with endocarp both at inter- and intra-populational levels. Differences among populations could be related to climatic parameters and to morphometric variables of seeds with endocarp. A higher germination was associated with populations growing in habitats with more severe summer (higher temperature, lower precipitation and a longer drought period) and producing elongated seeds (lower Feret ratio and roundness). Moreover, seeds from eight different individuals within a population were tested independently, and great differences regarding the germination of seeds with endocarp could be detected among individuals. Our results suggest that the morphological variation found in P. angustifolia endocarp is both under strong maternal genetic control as well as influenced by environmental factors, as indicated by the high variability among individuals within one population and the significant correlation between climate variables and seed germination among populations. Finally, it is emphasized that standardization of plant propagation protocols should take into account the degree of intraspecific variation of Mediterranean species.

scholarly journals Seed germination and antioxidant enzyme activity in seedlings of diploid and tetraploid bahiagrass under water restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Streck Bortolin ◽  
Alfredo José Salinas-Arcienega ◽  
Yutcelia Carolina Galviz-Fajardo ◽  
Luciano do Amarante ◽  
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Pedroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Higher Temperature

ABSTRACT: The objective of the following research was to investigate the physiological responses of two bahiagrass genotypes (Paspalum notatum Flügge) submitted to water restriction, induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG6000), during seed germination. Seeds of cv. Pensacola (diploid) and Bagual ecotype (tetraploid) were placed on paper moistened with osmotic solutions at potentials of 0.0; -0.1; -0.2 and -0.3 MPa. Composed of two subsamples of 100 seeds and four experimental units per treatment, the germination test was conducted in a germination chamber under alternating temperatures of 30 °C (8 hours) and 20 °C (16 hours), with presence of light during the higher temperature. Final germination percentage and germination speed index of the seeds, as well as early growth, activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes of seedlings were evaluated. The water restriction induced by PEG6000 reduced the percentage of germination in Pensacola (from 74% to 59%) and Bagual (34% to 10%). For the latter, the evaluation of seedlings showed higher dry mass in relation to cv. Pensacola (1.7 times higher in root and 1.6 times in shoot). In response to moderate water restriction, the genotypes showed increases in root growth (1.7 times higher in -0.1 compared to 0.0 MPa), both in expression and enzymatic activity (superoxide dismutase and catalase).

Environmental Conditions Required for Germination of Prickly Sida (Sida spinosa)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 786-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry M. Baskin ◽  
Carol C. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Moist Chilling ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida

Various environmental factors were tested under laboratory conditions to determine their effects on germination of seeds of prickly sida (Sida spinosaL. ♯3SIDSP). Neither freezing and thawing nor moist chilling at 5 C promoted seed germination. However, increasing the incubation temperature and subjecting seeds to wet-dry cycles enhanced germination; high temperatures were more effective than alternate wetting and drying. Shifting seeds from a lower to a higher temperature regime increased germination. Seeds shifted from 15/6, 20/10, 25/15, or 30/15 C to higher regimes of 20/10, 25/15, 30/15, 35/20, or 40/25 C germinated to greater percentages than did seeds kept continuously at the lower thermoperiods. With an increase in length of time seeds were at a lower temperature, there was an increase in the percentage that germinated after they were moved to a higher regime.

scholarly journals Intraspecific variation of insertion/length of stamens in homostylous flowers of a new species and three other species of Borreria: an unusual case in Rubiaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Virginia Sobrado
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
New Record ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
The State ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Insertion Length ◽  
A New Species

Four species of Borreria subsection Latifoliae (Rubiaceae) present intrafloral variations in the insertion/length of stamens in homostylous flowers. Borreria heteranthera is described and illustrated as new species from the state of Pará, Brazil. The emended descriptions of Borreria hispida, B. semiamplexicaule and B. xanthophylla, with details on stamens morphology and insertion, are provided. The inclusion of B. xanthophylla in the subsection Latifoliae is proposed. Staminal arrangement, pollen grains and seed morphology of the four species are compared. A comparative table with ecological, palynological, and morphological features of each species is provided. In addition, Borreria semiamplexicaule is mentioned as a new record for the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, and the lectotype of B. hispida is here designated.

scholarly journals Intraspecific variation in seed size and light intensity affect seed germination and initial seedling growth of a tropical shrub

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniele C. R. Veloso ◽  
Priscila S. Silva ◽  
Wallison K. Siqueira ◽  
Karen L.R. Duarte ◽  
Ingrid L. V. Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seedling Growth

scholarly journals Seed Source Variation in Morphology, Germination and Seedling Growth of Jatropha curcas Linn. in Central India

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 76-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Ginwal ◽  
S. S. Phartyal ◽  
P. S. Rawat ◽  
R. L. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Central India ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Source Variation

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine source variation in Jatropha curcas seeds collected from ten locations in Central India. A significant seed source variation was observed in seed morphology (colour, size and weight), seed germination (viability, germination percent, germination energy, germination value) and seedling growth parameters (survival percentage, seedling height, collar diameter, leave/plant, and seedling biomass). The seed source of Chhindwara (M.P.) was found as the best source in comparison to others. The phenotypic and genotypic variance, their coefficient of variability and broad sense heritability also showed a sizeable variability. This offers a breeder ample scope to undertake screening and selection of seed sources for the desired traits. Further, high percentage of heritability coupled with moderate intensity of genetic gain, was observed for seed germination traits, which signifies that germination is under strong genetic control and good amount of heritable additive genetic component can be exploited for improvement of this species.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of the Endangered Azorean Cherry Prunus azorica

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1222-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlanda Cristina Barros Moreira ◽  
José Martins ◽  
Luís Silva ◽  
Mónica Moura
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Laurel Forest ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Priority Species ◽  
Alternating Temperature

Prunus azorica is an Azorean endemic tree considered as a priority species for conservation. It is important as a laurel forest component, particularly at medium altitude, and as a food source for the endangered bird Pyrrhula murina. The best conditions for seed germination were investigated after removal of the outer layers of the fruit by determining the effect of 1) using stones or seeds; 2) stratification regime (six treatments and a control); 3) incubation temperature (four alternating temperature regimes); and 4) gibberellic acid concentration (three levels). This resulted in a fully factorial design with 168 (2 × 7 × 4 × 3) treatments with three replicates per treatment and 25 seeds per replicate. Cumulative germination percentages were determined at the end of the trial. Globally, there was a significant effect of endocarp removal (49% germination with seeds and 15% with stones). Both for stones and seeds, there was a significant effect of incubation temperature, stratification regime, and growth regulator concentration. Stones attained a maximum germination of ≈80% under several stratification treatments including cold (4 °C) or warm (20 °C) followed by cold and at 10/5 °C without the addition of a growth regulator. Seeds attained a maximum germination of greater than 90% without stratification at 10/5 or 15/10 °C without the addition of a growth regulator. During the stratification process, germination occurred only for seeds, particularly for longer treatments, for example, those corresponding to 3 or more months of stratification, including warm followed by cold (75% to 80%) or cold alone (77%). According to seed morphology and germination results, the seed appears to have a non-deep physiological dormancy. Seeds of P. azorica can thus be efficiently germinated after endocarp removal at temperatures of 10/5 or 15/10 °C with a daily light period of 12 hours. This protocol allowed producing hundreds of viable seedlings that were used in the reforestation of a laurel forest stand in a LIFE project.

scholarly journals Commercial Seed Lots Exhibit Reduced Seed Dormancy in Comparison to Wild Seed Lots of Echinacea purpurea

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1843-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luping Qu ◽  
Xiping Wang ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Richard Scalzo ◽  
Mark P. Widrlechner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
Cultivated Populations

Seed germination patterns were studied in Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench grouped by seed source, one group of seven lots from commercially cultivated populations and a second group of nine lots regenerated from ex situ conserved wild populations. Germination tests were conducted in a growth chamber in light (40 μmol·m–2·s–1) or darkness at 25 °C for 20 days after soaking the seeds in water for 10 minutes. Except for two seed lots from wild populations, better germination was observed for commercially cultivated populations in light (90% mean among seed lots, ranging from 82% to 95%) and in darkness (88% mean among seed lots, ranging from 82% to 97%) than for wild populations in light (56% mean among seed lots, ranging from 9% to 92%) or in darkness (37% mean among seed lots, ranging from 4% to 78%). No germination difference was measured between treatments in light and darkness in the commercially cultivated populations, but significant differences were noted for treatments among wild populations. These results suggest that repeated cycles of sowing seeds during cultivation without treatments for dormancy release resulted in reduced seed dormancy in E. purpurea.

GENETIC VARIATIONS OF ACER PENTAPHYLLUM BASED ON AFLP ANALYSIS, SEED GERMINATION, AND SEED MORPHOLOGY

2010 ◽  
pp. 305-312
Author(s):  
M.S. Roh ◽  
W.A. McNamara ◽  
C. Barnes ◽  
Kaipu Yin ◽  
Qian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Aflp Analysis
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