Partisan Politics and Congressional Election Prospects: Evidence from the Iowa Electronic Markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (04) ◽  
pp. 573-578
Author(s):  
Joyce E. Berg ◽  
Christopher E. Penney ◽  
Thomas A. Rietz
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Electronic Markets ◽  
Partisan Politics ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
The Us ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Us Government ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACTUsing the Iowa Electronic Markets (IEM), this article assesses the political impact of several important events during the fall of 2013: the US government shutdown, the Senate elimination of filibusters for presidential nominations (i.e., the “nuclear option”), and the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (i.e., ObamaCare). Did these events have meaningful effects on congressional control prospects in the 2014 election? According to IEM price changes, Republican chances fell dramatically when the government shut down, and they did not recover on resolution. Eliminating filibusters had a negative impact on Democratic chances. Various aspects of the ObamaCare rollout and reporting, as well as new announcements that incumbents would not run for reelection, had little effect. In contrast, the budget resolution reinforced the status quo. Overall, political rhetoric does not appear to affect congressional control prospects. Instead, actions matter: deliberate partisan actions of Congress adversely affect the initiating party’s prospects, whereas bipartisan initiatives help the party that initiates the bipartisan effort.

Understanding stakeholder positionalities and relationships to reimagine asylum at the US–Mexico border: Observations from McAllen, TX

2020 ◽  
pp. 194277862097931
Author(s):  
Halley L. Glier ◽  
Temperance Staples ◽  
Megan Martínez ◽  
Anita Fábos ◽  
S.E.D. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Federal Authority ◽  
Major Stakeholder ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
The Government

This paper draws on observational research conducted in McAllen, Texas, during the summer of 2019, of three major stakeholder groups involved in asylum management: Catholic Charities Humanitarian Respite Center (HRC); federal government agencies; and the McAllen community. Each group holds a unique, pluralistic perspective on migration, informing intra-group relations and exposing uneven power dynamics between them. Our analysis is contextualized by a local voice, a former long-term volunteer at the HRC, who speaks of the evolution of the McAllen border in her lifetime, as well as federal authority over McAllen and the HRC to process asylees. We dissect how this power dynamic produces a highly violent, detention-dominant immigration landscape in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV), antithetical to the practiced intersectional culture of voces locales. We reimagine how the US responds to asylum seekers by offering a community action-based framework, where these pluralistic perspectives are equitably valued. Based on interactions and conversations had with each group, we advocate a paradigm shift reflective of La Frontera’s (The Border’s) intersectional identity. This can be achieved by prioritizing voces locales and building capacity for the humanitarian sector, which is already doing critical work at the southern border. We look to contemporary movements like “Defund the Police” as examples, where divesting from the status-quo system of oppression can nurture reparative justice and empowerment to the RGV. In reimagining a more adaptive, asylum justice-oriented paradigm shift, we also recognize the need to abandon the government-controlled deterrence paradigm, which repeatedly causes tremendous harm.

Public Heritage Communication on American Indian Wars Sites: Policy Improvement and Remaining Challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-168
Author(s):  
Hyojung Cho ◽  
Ernest Gendron
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Military History ◽  
Policy Improvement ◽  
Indian Wars ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

Federal historic preservation is an important way to provide public recognition and to promote heritage that was selected by the government for the nation. The history of (American) Indian policies shows an arduous relationship between the US government and American Indians. In spite of the evolution of federal preservation efforts and the federal government’s public heritage communication, Indian heritage sites still reflect the authoritarian and utilitarian understanding towards the Indian heritage. This research studies the US federal government’s understanding of Indian Wars sites through the analysis of interpretation at the Washita Battlefield National Historic Site, which reveals the historically dual approaches towards Indian heritage conservation and the persistent tendency of limited under-standing for American history in the larger social and political arenas despite policy improvement. American Indian battlefields have been neglected in orthodox preservation considering their insufficient value to qualify for patriotic military history preservation or Indian relics preservation. The analysis of preservation efforts and interpretation of Indian Wars sites indicates the evolution of controlling (American) Indian heritage through policy changes and the assessment of policy implementation.

Terminally Ill Patients and the “Right to Try” Experimental Drugs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Dresser
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Terminally Ill Patients ◽  
Experimental Drugs ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Rules ◽  
The Right ◽  
Access Policies ◽  
Gain Access

This chapter addresses access to unapproved drugs. Some terminally ill patients enroll in research as a way to gain access to experimental drugs. Other patients want to try the drugs without enrolling in research. The US Food and Drug Administration permits patients to do so under certain circumstances, but critics say the government rules are too restrictive. “Right to try” advocates campaign for laws permitting more liberal access, telling heart-wrenching stories about patients desperate to obtain experimental drugs. But the picture they present is one-sided. It disregards the negative impact that more liberal access policies may have on the drug trials that benefit society at large, and it ignores stories conveying the harm that can come from access to experimental drugs. These factors belong in the debate too.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders When School Closures Were Lifted

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kota Suzuki ◽  
Michio Hiratani
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Aberrant Behavior Checklist ◽  
School Activities ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
At Home

Human activities have been changing in conjunction with the status of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with school closures and activity cancellations becoming commonplace. As such, the COVID-19 pandemic likely also has had a detrimental impact on the behavioral problems of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). In Japan, the government issued a stay-at-home order causing children to stop participating in school activities following the first declaration of a state of emergency (April 7 to May 25, 2020). During winter 2020, the stay-at-home order and school closures were lifted. Using longitudinal data of children with NDD, we compared the behavioral problems of children with NDD between October 1 and December 31, 2020 (i.e., winter 2020) with their behavioral problems before the COVID-19 pandemic (pre-COVID-19). In this study, 143 caregivers of children with NDD evaluated their behavioral problems using the Japanese version of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC-J) in the pre-COVID-19 period and winter 2020. We found no scores that were higher in winter 2020 compared to pre-COVID-19. Moreover, irritability and hyperactivity scores were significantly lower in winter 2020 compared to pre-COVID-19. These findings suggest weak negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the behavioral problems of children with NDD. In schools and clinical practice, children learned knowledge about COVID-19 and related preventive behaviors. Therefore, these practices may have alleviated the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with NDD.

scholarly journals TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE OF RECREATIONAL FACILITIES IN BANGLADESH

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
V. Shuvalov
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Hot And Humid Climates ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The article discusses new directions in the development of the architecture of recreational facilities in South-east Asia, which need to be implemented to form a modern recreational and tourist cluster in Bangladesh. The author reveals compositional, spatial-planning, decorative-stylistic, functional and design features in the architecture of recreational objects made of bamboo. It is proposed to build the main accommodation facilities (hotels, hotels, motels, arrival houses and houses with the status of "second homes") and food facilities (cafes, bars, canteens, restaurants) using traditional ecological materials. Modern methods of energy saving, their implementation in the practice of design and construction in countries with hot and humid climates are listed. When designing recreational and tourist complexes, innovative technologies, materials and structures are introduced that increase the comfort of recreational facilities. The government relies on the development of the recreational tourism industry in the country, creating economic advantages in the development of this business in the Republic of Bangladesh, increasing the investment attractiveness for domestic and foreign investors, offering preferential tax and customs regimes for the construction and operation of recreational and tourist facilities. Many facilities of the recreational and tourist industry, built in the period 1980-2010 do not meet modern requirements for energy efficiency, environmental friendliness and aesthetic appeal, which definitely has a negative impact on the recreational attractiveness of some regions of the country, this is especially important for remote and difficult to access areas where created objects.

scholarly journals Transcaucasia: Towards a New Explosion?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
V. M. Mukhanov
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
South Ossetia ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Conflict Zone ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Complex Landscape ◽  
The Government

The article attempts to analyze the current situation in Transcaucasia and identify the main actors, factors of influence and forces that shape the processes of domestic development in a number of republics of the region. The author comes to the conclusion that the region is in a state of “cooldown”, after 25 years of almost continual instability which, in turn, was a source of numerous internal conflicts. However, broad analysis of internal situation in the states of Transcaucasia with the inclusion of foreign influences shows a more complex landscape. Major players, such as the US and Russia, avoid increasing their presence in the region, which opens a wideWINDOW of opportunities for regional powers, such as Turkey and Iran. Against the background of decreasing interest in Transcaucasia by the world leaders, the region is returning to its historical status as a periphery. This process is characterized by a reduction in the influence of foreign actors and a rise in the role of the factors that cause general instability. These include, first and foremost, unresolved conflicts, unstable political, social and economic situation at home and specific political behaviors displayed by local elites. The April war of 2016 in Nagorno-Karabakh indicates a violation of the status quo and may lead to a high probability of new clashes in the conflict zone. The war highlighted a complex set of problems faced by Armenia and Azerbaijan in recent years. In both countries, against a backdrop of degrading economies, there is a growing split between the government and the society, as well as tensions within the elites. Similar processes are on the rise in Georgia. The situation in Abkhazia and South Ossetia is somewhat different, as the two countries could be classified as periphery to a periphery, and thus are developing in isolation from the common Caucasian agenda. Nevertheless, these countries also show a complex set of internal contradictions which tend to break out from time to time. This is symptomatic of a serious challenge facing the region. The countries that emerged on the other side of the Caucasus Mountains since 1991 are still searching for optimal models of national development.

Implementing card technology in government: different approaches, different outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Palmer ◽  
Mahendra Gupta ◽  
James Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine plastic and virtual purchasing card use by US Government agencies, with particular focus on how successful implementation might inform governmental entities of potential improvements in the cost, quality and time associated with the digitization of their procure-to-pay processes. Specifically, the paper will: analyze the evolution of card-based payments by US Government agencies, compare the value stream of plastic and virtual cards to governmental entities, analyze the value of card use as a significant and sustainable contributor to greater governmental efficiency and examine the opportunity in the portability of successful card technology implementation strategy. Design/methodology/approach The authors examined data published by the US federal government relating to agency budgets and commercial card use and combining it with industry performance metrics, projected potential savings and efficiencies for the government and its agencies. Findings The US Government acknowledges significant administrative cost savings and cash rebates based on its spending on commercial cards. An analysis of US Government spending indicates that changing patterns of card spending are primarily driven by activities of one agency – the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Through the incorporation of advances in card technology, escalation of transaction amounts and leveraging card spending data transparency, the VA has continued to increase its use of and benefit from card technology, while other agencies have languished. By replication of VA strategy, the US Government at large has the potential for billions in card-related savings. Research limitations/implications The study implies that a large swathe of governmental agencies, after having adopted new technology (e.g. purchasing cards), are hesitant to use the new technology, a problem that afflicts most implementation efforts. Countermeasures to offset agency resistance to change should be considered and deployed. Practical implications Taxpayers demand much of government. The burden of governmental failure to exploit the benefits of innovation (such as card technology) falls on the shoulders of taxpayers. When the government cannot exploit technologies that are commonly used in the private sector, the failure lowers citizen respect for the capability of government employees and the ability of government writ large to solve problems. Social implications Governmental failure to exploit the benefits of technology dispirits the citizenry, yielding a desire for change that may be disproportionate to the problem at hand. Originality/value The study combines General Services Administration, US Treasury and market data points to make a unique assessment of the benefits derived through 20 years of governmental commercial card use.

Neurosurgical practice and health care reform: moving toward quality-based health care delivery

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. E1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel F. Groman ◽  
Koryn Y. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Physician Patient Relationship ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
The Cost

In an effort to rein in spending and improve patient outcomes, the US government and the private sector have adopted a number of policies over the last decade that hold health care professionals increasingly accountable for the cost and quality of the care they provide. A major driver of these efforts is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA or Pub.L. 111–148), which aims to change the US health care system from one that rewards quantity to one that rewards better value through the use of performance measurement. However, for this strategy to succeed in raising the bar on quality and efficiency, it will require the development of more standardized and accurate methods of data collection and further streamlined federal regulations that encourage enhanced patient-centered care instead of creating additional burdens that interfere with the physician-patient relationship.

The Regulation of Alcohol and other Drugs in a Colonial Context: United States Policy towards the Philippines, C. 1898–1910

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Departure Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
East Asia Region ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs ◽  
The Military

The article compares attitudes towards and laws regulating the use of alcohol and opium in the United States (US) colonial possession of the Philippines. Forces within the United States and missionary groups in the field in the Philippines fought to have the supply of alcohol to American troops restricted by abolition of the military canteen system, and to eliminate use of alcohol among the indigenous population. To achieve these aims, they developed highly skilled networks of political lobbying led by Wilbur Craft's International Reform Bureau. Temperance, church and missionary groups differed among themselves over the relative seriousness of the two drugs’ impact in the Philippines, but skillfully adapted their tactics in the light of experience in the colony to focus on opium. They developed a tacit coalition with the US government, using the Philippines opium policy to distinguish the United States as a morally superior colonial ruler. By lobbying the government to oppose opium use in the East Asia region, they served to promote an American regional hegemony, and provided an important departure point for modern US drug poalicies.

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