The electronic nobel museum

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-439
Author(s):  
Nils Ringertz ◽  
Hans Mehlin ◽  
Agneta Wallin Levinovitz
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Nobel Prizes ◽  
Special Version ◽  
Nobel Laureates ◽  
Science And Culture

The Nobel Foundation and the Nobel Prize-Awarding Institutions plan to celebrate the centenary of the first Nobel Prizes in 2001 by expanding the Nobel Website (http://www.nobel.se) on Internet into an Electronic Nobel Museum (ENM) of science and culture. A special version will be designed for local networks (intranets) within museums. The ENM focuses on the achievements of the Nobel Laureates in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace, but will also include the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. The Laureates are presented by portraits and their autobiographies. Other sections will be devoted to Alfred Nobel and the Nobel Institutions, Nobel Essays, a Library, and Virtual Exhibitions. A Young Scholars section will use animated and interactive documents to interest students in the Prize areas.

Places of ‘invention and discovery’ and the Nobel Prize in Physics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Orrman-Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Royal Swedish Academy ◽  
Nobel Prizes ◽  
Nobel Laureates ◽  
Nobel Prize In Physics ◽  
Research Excellence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The Nobel Prize has acted as a surrogate record of invention and discovery throughout the twentieth century. Based on this surrogacy, many claims are made regarding both trends in research and claims for places of research excellence. In this paper I propose that any analysis should be weighted by the ‘prize share’ made by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to each recipient. In addition, I argue for a focus on the organization and period when the prize-winning research was carried out, rather than when the award was made and the often quoted ‘affiliated organization at the time of award’. I use this to briefly examine types of invention and discovery for all Nobel Prizes in Physics awarded to date (1901–2019). I then use this ‘place’ lens to briefly explore trends in invention and discovery in the awarding of the Nobel Prize in Physics. I conclude by drawing attention to the difference between institutions claiming Nobel Laureates and institutions where Nobel Prize-winning discoveries and inventions have been made.

scholarly journals United States, Europe, and Asia: Diversity in Nobel Prize-Winning Affiliations

2017 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Maria Schlagberger ◽  
Lutz Bornmann ◽  
Johann Bauer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Nobel Laureates

In 2014, the authors examined all 155 Nobel laureates of the preceding 21 years in physics, chemistry, and physiology/medicine and published the results in the journal Scientometrics. Recently, they extended the analysis to Nobel laureates from 1994 to 2016 (n=170). They focused particularly on the institutions (and countries) the Nobel laureates were affiliated with when they made their decisive research for the prize. They also examined when the Nobel laureates obtained their PhD/M.D. and when the Nobel Prize was awarded. 

India's Physics and Chemistry Nobel Prize nominators and nominees in colonial and international context

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Third World ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
International Context ◽  
Nobel Prizes

In India the development of modern science is closely related to its colonial background, a subject well documented by historians. So far as the prestigious Nobel Prizes are concerned, little has been mentioned in the colonial context. This article shows that in the first half of the twentieth century only a few Indian physicists and chemists were either nominees or nominators. Some of them were Fellows of the Royal Society. A comparison of Indian Nobel Prize nominators and nominees with other so-called Third World countries and colonies suggests some interesting results, for example the similarities of development of physics and chemistry in the colonized and ruling countries. The present article also suggests that the election of the Fellows of the Royal Society from India, in the fields of physics and chemistry, reveals a pattern comparable with that of Nobel Prize nominations and nominees.

Methods for recommending and predicting Nobel Prize candidates

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Gen-Ming ◽  
Chen Hui-Shan
Keyword(s):  
Impact Factor ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nobel Prizes ◽  
Theses And Dissertations

Purpose – In the twenty-first century, technology and information are continuously being changed and rapidly updated. Many new innovations and discoveries emerge daily. This study aims to identify significant pioneers and milestones in academic research through utilizing bibliometric methods and heterogeneous data, including textbook citations, citations of theses and dissertations, and journal citations. Design/methodology/approach – This study proposes several methods and formulas for recommending Nobel prizes candidates. Through utilizing bibliometric methods and heterogeneous data, including textbook citations, citations of theses and dissertations, and journal article citations, this research facilitates the collection of numerous significant research results. The authors propose several new, useful formulae, including a pioneer paper impact factor, a popular classical paper impact factor, a ranking factor of specific fields, a groundbreaking author impact factor, and a frequently cited author impact factor. Findings – This study utilizes historical information on the Nobel Prize to examine, revise, and verify existing methods for recommending and predicting candidates, in order to enhance the accuracy and availability of the approach presented by this study. The experimental results show that the approach designed in this study had a rate of successful prediction exceeding 50 percent. The major reason for producing reasonable results is that the milestone paper and pioneer paper are filtered first, and then the important candidate authors from the most pioneer paper are filtered. Therefore, the results indicated the feasibility of the methods developed by this study. Originality/value – The purpose of the Nobel Prize is to reward original research findings or inventions that significantly and positively influence human life. However, due to budget limitations, only five fields are included in the academic domains for which Nobel prizes are awarded. The authors develop one useful new way to identify milestone papers and authors. Young students can choose, read and learn from these milestone papers. The pioneer authors identified by this research could be the recommended candidate list for some academic awards.

scholarly journals ECO-ETHICAL VIEWS OF TAGORE AND AMARTYA SEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Ratan Lal Basu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Western World ◽  
Amartya Sen ◽  
Rabindranath Tagore ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
The World ◽  
Nobel Laureates

Desde que se otorgó el Premio Nobel de Economía a Amartya Sen, se han hecho muchos esfuerzos por destacar el pasado de Sen Shantiniketan y la afinidad de su visión mundial con la de Rabindranath Tagore. Desafortunadamente, es probable que un análisis más profundo revele que los puntos de vista de Amartya Sen -basados en el mundo occidental- sean diametralmente opuestos a los de Tagore -basado en la antigua perspectiva india mundial-, particularmente en lo que respecta al desarrollo sostenible y la vida ética humana. Este artículo se esfuerza por resaltar los aspectos contrastantes de las visiones del mundo de dos galardonados con el Premio Nobel de Bengala.AbstractEver since the Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Amartya Sen, there has been much endeavour to highlight Sen’s Shantiniketan background and affinity of his world outlook with that of Rabindranath Tagore. Unfortunately, a deeper analysis is likely to reveal that Amartya Sen’s views (based on western world-outlook) are diametrically opposed to that of Tagore (based on ancient Indian world-outlook), particularly as regards sustainable development and eco-ethical human living. This article endeavours to highlight these contrasting aspects of the world-outlooks of two Bengali Nobel Laureates.

scholarly journals Someone who should have won a Nobel Prize

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Fenner
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Nobel Prizes

The 2008 Nobel Prizes will be announced next week, starting with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Monday. There will be a live webcast on Monday at 9:30 AM GMT for those interested1. As every year just before the announcement, ...

Performing Excellence: Nobel Prize nomination networks in North America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Hansson ◽  
Thomas Schlich
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Scientific Excellence ◽  
Nobel Prizes ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Excellent Work ◽  
Insight Into

This paper examines how scientific excellence is performed in Nobel nominations for medical scientists. Performing excellence encompasses both conducting excellent scientific work and being recognized for it. Both dimensions are closely intertwined: doing and recognizing excellent work depend on each other. Tracing nominations from the Nobel Archives in Solna, Sweden, the paper shows that Nobel Prizes are only the tip of the iceberg of networks of scientific recognition, which belong to cultures of excellence. Approaching cultures of excellence through nominations helps to understand how scientific prizes were awarded. The nominations show that science is not just a cognitive activity but also a social endeavour, and that the decision about who is awarded the Nobel Prize is also an outcome of social processes. Analysing the nomination networks thus explains to a certain extent the predominance of researchers from the USA versus Canada (and other countries). It shows, among other things, that a proactive policy of Nobel Prize nominations is part of the culture of excellence in which American scientists often participate. The mechanisms of scientific recognition as reflected in Nobel Prize nomination networks and rhetoric give insight into the patterns and the background of awarding the prize.

The 2020 Nobel Prizes of Physiology or Medicine, and Chemistry. A short note on these discoveries, from two distinguished Venezuelan researchers.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flor Pujol ◽  
José Luis Ramírez Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Full Professor ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Nobel Prizes ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Simon Bolivar ◽  
Genomic Studies

The first week of October is the season to announce the winners of the Nobel Prizes of sciences such as Physics, Physiology or Medicine and Chemistry. CientMed celebrates this occasion by inviting two well known Venezuelan scientists to comment on the significance of the last two prizes, and share their corresponding deep knowledge and experience on the techniques, yes, techniques, based on the discoveries recognized this year. We are very fortunate to have among us, here in Caracas, Dr. Flor Pujol, a graduate in biology from Universidad Simón Bolívar, with an MSc and Phil. Sc., from the Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research, IVIC. As a full Professor at IVIC, Flor is widely recognized as a leader on the molecular epidemiology and evolution of hepatitis viruses, with singular works on viruses infecting Amerindians from Venezuela. With such a background, Dr. Pujol is in a unique position to comment on the significance of the Nobel Prize of Medicine or Physiology awarded this year to, Harvey J Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M Rice, “For the discovery of hepatitis C virus”. On the same level of expertise but on the novel technique of CRISPR and the Nobel Prize of Chemistry this year, we also invited, Dr. José Luis Ramírez, a well known molecular biologist and a graduate from Universidad Central de Venezuela, with a Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University, who for many years is recognized as the undisputed leader of genomic studies, on the telomeres of the parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas Disease. The readers of ScienMed may remember the very first article of this journal, on August 5th, 2020, authored by Dr. Ramirez, which anticipated the Nobel Prize of Chemistry 2020, the CRISPR technologies, awarded jointly to, Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna, “For the development of a method for genome editing”. We hope that our readers may enjoy both Commentaries by Drs. Pujol and Dr. Ramírez, respectively.

scholarly journals Superconductivity to cosmology: K. Alexander Müller explores mysteries in energy

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
Anke Weidenkaff
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
High Temperature Superconductivity ◽  
Nobel Laureates ◽  
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes

In 1913, physicist Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes received the Nobel Prize for liquifying He and his discovery of superconductivity two years prior. It would be over 76 years later until K. Alexander Müller, together with Johannes Georg Bednorz, would be honored as Nobel laureates for their discovery of high-temperature superconductivity (HTS), grounded in their research with metal oxides. When we asked Müller, recently, what he would advise young materials scientists in regards to research for energy, he said, “I’ve always been a fan of oxides, therefore to work in oxide would not be bad.”

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