scholarly journals Is there any Relationship between Sexual Attraction and Gender Typology?

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Fernández ◽  
María Ángeles Quiroga ◽  
Isabel Del Olmo
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Relative Independence ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One

People can be classified as attracted to both sexes, to men, to women, or to neither sex, and also as instrumental-expressive, instrumental, expressive, or non-instrumental-expressive. The two hypotheses tested herein are, on the one hand, the relative independence between these two typologies and, on the other, the close relation between sexual dimorphism and sexual attraction, in contrast to the relative independence between sexual dimorphism and the instrumental and expressive domains. A total of 503 university students (284 women and 219 men) completed two assessment instruments: The Sexual Attraction Questionnaire (SAQ) and the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI, 12 items). Analysis of contingency tables was performed. The results provide empirical support for the hypothesis of independence of the two typologies, solid support for the relation between sexual dimorphism and sexual attraction, and clear support for the independence between the gender domains and sexual dimorphism. The implications of these data for the different outlooks concerning the relations between sex and gender are established.

scholarly journals Is Sexual Attraction Independent of the Instrumental and Expressive Traits?

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Fernández ◽  
María Ángeles Quiroga ◽  
Isabel Del Olmo
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
And Gender

Sexual attraction is an essential part of sex, just as the instrumental and expressive traits are the mainstay of gender. Various hypotheses concerning the dimensionality and independence versus dependence/overlapping of these core entities were tested. A group of 423 university students completed the Sexual Attraction Questionnaire (SAQ; Fernández, Quiroga, & Rodríguez, 2006) and the 12-item Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974). Internal consistency and factor analyses (PAF) were conducted. The results support the dimensionality established for the SAQ and reveal some psychometric and conceptual weaknesses of the 12-item BSRI. The results also support the independence of the two cores: sexual attraction and the instrumental and expressive traits. The logical implications for the different viewpoints of the relations between sex and gender are discussed.

Benessere tra differenze e disuguaglianze di genere in salute

2012 ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Rita Biancheri
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Personal History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Life Context ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Sick Individual

Up to now, in the traditional biomedical paradigm the terms "sex" and "gender" have either been used synonymously and the insertion of gender among the determining elements of conditions of wellbeing/disease has been difficult, and obstructed by disciplinary rigidities that retarded the acceptance of an approach which had already been largely found to be valid in other areas of research. The effected simplification demonstrated its limitations in describing the theme of health; but if, on the one hand, there has been a growing awareness of a subject which can in no way be considered "neutral", on the other hand there continues to be insufficient attention, both in theoretical analysis and in empirical research, given to female differences. The article is intended to support that the sick individual is a person, with his/her genetic heritage, his/her own cultural acquisitions and personal history, and own surrounding life context; but these and similar factors have not traditionally been taken into consideration by official medicine and welfare systems, despite a hoped-for socio-health integration.

Sex differentiation and body fat: Local biologies and gender transgressions

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-391
Author(s):  
Petra Jonvallen
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Local Biologies ◽  
Monitoring Devices

This article examines how sex differentiation is invoked from body fat with a focus on how various monitoring devices participate in the construction of bodies. By using the concept of ‘local biologies’, denoting the linkage of the body to place with its local physical and social conditions, it argues against the ‘one-size-fits-all’ paradigm of modern medicine and critiques the mechanistic search for regularity in medical research. By looking at medical literature on obesity and how contemporary obesity researchers and clinicians link body fat to sex, local biologies of bodies in a Swedish obesity clinic are contrasted to the universal biologies represented in medical research. The article also provides empirical examples of how fat has the potential to undermine traditional sex and gender binaries.

scholarly journals Kønsmarkører som strategier i studerendes positioneringskampe

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Group Leader ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Project Groups ◽  
Poor Group ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group Workers ◽  
The One

Gender markings as strategies in the students struggle for positioning. References to sex and gender can be employed in order to distribute legitimacy among participants in various situations. Through analyses of four stories, this article shows how this can be practiced among university students at project-oriented educations. On the one hand, the female students are referred to as talkative and often bursting into tears. Both conducts are considered as problematic in the project groups because they take time and focus from the work on the project. Thus, the consequence of the stories is a devaluation of the female students. The male students are on the other hand told as either poor group workers because of their preferences for playing or are having to navigate between the attractiveness of being the group leader and the illegitimate position of dominating their fellow students in the group. The conclusion of the analyses states that the stories are not only told in order to distribute legitimacy among the students, but are negotiations and reformulations of the norms of the contexts.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Aaron S. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Food Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Making Meaning ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Religious Dimensions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One

On the one hand, this book about Jewish traditions and food functions as the focal point for examining different forms of Judaism. On the other hand, this book is also a study of what we might call the religious dimensions of food and the case of Judaism serves as an exemplum. The introduction considers the advantages of understanding a religion through the detour of food and asks what counts as “Jewish food.” It argues that food in general provides a wieldy symbolic field that is called upon to construct sex and gender, social status, and race and to distinguish humans from other animals. Religion and food are always intermixed, and examining this intermixture in Judaism can provide some insights into a more-or-less universal human process of making meaning. Insights from Jewish scholars of food or food studies, including Warren Belasco, Noah Yuval Harari, Sidney Mintz, and Marion Nestle, are engaged.

scholarly journals The influence of gender characteristics on the professional activity of management and subordinate staff

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
Leyla M. Uzhakhova ◽  
Valeriya V. Saakova ◽  
Victoria B. Utegenova ◽  
Anna A. Danilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

The article presents the results of an empirical study on how managers and subordinate staff conform to prescribed gender characteristics. Materials on gender psychology and sociology written by both Russian and foreign authors were used. The meaning of the terms “gender” and “gender characteristics” were more clearly spelled out, while separating the concepts “sex” and “gender” from each other. The authors specified the characteristics of managers and subordinate personnel of either sex in the city of Tyumen, while defining the degree of femininity, masculinity and androgyny in each group using the Bem Sex-Role Inventory. The respondents’ answers concerning the role and place of gender stereotypes in the workplace were analyzed; generalized characteristics of managers of either sex were compiled based on the answers they provided, while taking into account the respondent’s sex. When conducting research, the gender characteristics, qualities and skills inherent to each sex (regardless of whether they hold a managing or subordinate position) were ranked. Peculiarities inherent to managers from the city of Tyumen associated with handling a team of employees were determined. It was established that women more often than men possess and broadcast gender stereotypes based on traditional attitudes. Despite this, a tendency towards moving away from traditional gender mindsets and behavior was noticed among both subordinate staff and management, due to them conflicting with work conduct. Researchers recognized that in reality subordinate staff tends to fall in line with prescribed gender characteristics to a greater extent than management. An assumption was made that gender characteristics appear to be more pronounced among managers due to the fact that their personality has a more considerable effect on their actions than is the case with subordinate staff. A conclusion is drawn on the need to further study the phenomenon of androgyny among managers. A recommendation is given for applying the existing practical sociological methods, as well as an adapted socio-psychological set of instruments for each enterprise in particular, since one must consider the balance of androgyny, femininity and masculinity in any given team of employees when choosing the means and methods of administrative action when it comes to developing, approving and implementing management solutions, as well as appropriate conduct in conflict situations.

Centering Transgender Individuals in Forensic Anthropology and Expanding Binary Sex Estimation in Casework and Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Tallman ◽  
Caroline Kincer ◽  
Eric Plemons
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Sex Estimation ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sex Categorization ◽  
Oriented Research

Due to disproportionate violence impacting the transgender community, forensic anthropologists may encounter the remains of trans individuals; however, it is unknown how often trans individuals are represented in casework and if practitioners have sufficient knowledge about trans bodies. After contextualizing forensically relevant demographics for the trans community, this study uses survey data of forensic anthropologists to critically explore the collective knowledge of and experience working with trans individuals; practitioners’ perceptions of sex and gender; and potential opportunities for trans-oriented research. The results indicate that 28.9% of respondents have worked with trans individuals in casework, but most forensic anthropologists were unfamiliar with forms and evidence of gender affirming procedures. Additionally, the survey indicates that forensic anthropologists struggle with the binary nature of forensic sex estimation, with 42.4% agreeing that sex is binary and 56.2% disagreeing. Similar opposition was found with reporting gender: 39.5% indicated that gender should be reported in casework and 31.0% disagreed. Moreover, current sex estimation methods are: rigidly binary; not reflective of human biological variation; and inadequate for trans individuals as they are based on assigned sex. To dismantle rigidly binary sex categorization, we propose the adoption of a biocultural and queer theoretical approach to forensic sex estimation and in sexual dimorphism research that challenges heteronormative assumptions, questions typological two-sex categorization, and combats the presumptions that gender and sex are stable, independent entities that convey universal meaning. Relatedly, the expansion of trans-oriented research, which is supported by 95.8% of respondents, will further improve methodological accuracies. 

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Hylen
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Ancient Women

This chapter introduces the subject matter of the book and sources of historical evidence. The first section provides questions and tools needed to approach the study of ancient women. Although “women” can seem easy to identify in history, it is difficult to explore this ancient category without importing contemporary notions of sex and gender. The “one-sex” theory is an ancient understanding of gender that differs strongly from modern notions. This section argues that the one-sex model is useful but not sufficient to understand ancient women’s lives. It should be supplemented with evidence of how gender was performed in a specific place and time. The second section introduces readers to the complexity and scope of the “New Testament world.” It outlines the time frame, geographic scope, and some important cultural influences in the context of the New Testament. The third section describes the evidence available to study women’s lives in this period. Literary sources, inscriptions, and papyrus fragments each offer different kinds of insights and challenges for this task.

scholarly journals Transcending gender and sex: ethical implications for identities, ambiguities and interrelations

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Adeola Adenugba
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Current Attitude ◽  
New Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One

This paper examines the moral issues involved in the acts of transcending gender and sex. Attempts are made in answering such fundamental questions as: Is transgenderism necessary and beneficial? Does transsexualism necessarily imply transgenderism? Are natural rights violated by the acts of transcending sex and gender? What implications do development in trangenderism and transsexualism hold for our conventional linguistic resources, identity and interrelationships? Ought humans to be allowed freedom to choose to transcend gender and sex? What criteria should be used in avoiding bigotry against androgynous and in harmonizing relationships with their physician? We review the current state of clinical research with transsexualism and transgenderism, the history of transsexual research, the major moral arguments for and against the practices of transcending gender and sex, and the new ethical dilemmas sprawled as aftermath. The paper critically assesses the arguments on the dividing line of the debate. This paper establishes that the reasons offered for artificial intervention in traversing sex and gender are not sufficient and morally convincing enough. It concludes that instead of the predominant current attitude of aggressive intervention with naturally unique sexuality, together with its attendant discrimination and moral resentment against transsexuals and transgenders, it is more ideal to engage on the one hand, in an in-depth discussion with the concerned people, listen to their worries and see ways in which their problems could be addressed through counseling. An on the other hand, there is a need for public discourse and public awareness on the fluidity in gender and sexual orientation so that people’s attitude to this new development can be better sharpened. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v3i1.10866 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2012; 3(1):4-12

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document