“The Therapeutic Camp: Trends in Camps for Children with Social–Emotional Challenges” traces the history of mental health interventions and research in the summer camp setting. With the growing influence of the mental hygiene and child guidance movements, therapeutic camps were initiated by case work and group work agencies, family service agencies, hospitals, universities, and other organizations. Notable early therapeutic camp programs included the Boys’ Guidance Project (Michigan), Camp Ramapo (New York), and Camp Wawokiye (Ohio). The psychodynamic influence permeated Camp Wediko (Massachusetts) and Camp Chief Noonday (Michigan), led by Fritz Redl. In many of these camps, the continuity between the year-round work of the therapeutic agency and the camp program was stressed. Such camps employed case workers, group workers, and social work students. This chapter also discusses inclusion-model camps, adventure therapy, and family camps. The chapter concludes with reflections on Camp Towhee, a therapeutic camp in Ontario, Canada.