Enabling Voice: Perceptions of Schooling from Rural Aboriginal Youth at Risk of Entering the Juvenile Justice System

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Edwards-Groves ◽  
With Colleen Murray
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Aboriginal Youth ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Youth At Risk ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Perceptions Of School

AbstractIn this article the perceptions of school experiences by male Aboriginal youth at risk of becoming in contact with the juvenile justice system are presented. These adolescent boys, from inland rural New South Wales, attend Tirkandi Inaburra Cultural and Development Centre (Tirkandi). Tirkandi is a short term residential centre designed to provide at risk boys with an opportunity to participate in strengths-based culturally appropriate educational, cultural, social and personal programs. In this study, participants give detailed accounts of schooling describing their lives as students. Their voices offer a powerful insight into the situated construction of agency and identity in classroom life, culture and learning among Aboriginal students. They serve as a window in to how perceptions and voice are socially-culturally-politically configured – both in their production and deployment. Further, they show the complexity and deeply problematic nature of how individuals' lived experiences collide across contexts when these contexts operate in isolation. The insider's voices, presented in this paper, are significant because they offer valuable insights that will encourage educators to be challenged by therelational architecturesdominating teaching practices. These voices form not just the backdrop but the centerpiece for discussion in this paper.

Aboriginal Youth, Police and the Juvenile Justice System in Western Australia

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Lynn Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Juvenile Offending ◽  
Aboriginal Youth ◽  
Recent Innovation ◽  
Children’S Court

The first section of the paper makes some observations about young people, crime and the police, and the particular vulnerability of Aboriginal youth coming to the attention of the police. Two issues, the maintenance of public order and juvenile offending, provide the framework for the discussion here. The second section looks at the nexus between the pre-trial conference - a recent innovation in the Children's Court in Perth - police prosecutors, and Aboriginal youth.

When a relationship is imperative, will young women knowingly place their sexual health at risk? A sample of African American adolescent girls in the juvenile justice system

Sexual Health ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerris L. Raiford ◽  
Puja Seth ◽  
Amy M. Fasula ◽  
Ralph J. DiClemente
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
African American ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
African American Adolescent ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours

Background: HIV and other sexually transmissible infections (HIV/STIs) are significant contributors to adolescent girls’ morbidity in the US. Risks for HIV/STIs are increased among adolescent girls involved in the juvenile justice system, and African American adolescent girls comprise nearly 50% of adolescent girls in detention centres. Although HIV prevention programs focus on HIV/STI knowledge, increased knowledge may not be sufficient to reduce sexual risk. The present study examined the interactive effects of HIV/STI knowledge and the importance of being in a relationship (a relationship imperative) on sexual risk behaviours in a sample of detained African American adolescent girls. Methods: In all, 188 African American adolescent girls, 13–17 years of age, were recruited from a short-term detention facility in Atlanta, Georgia, and completed assessments on sexual risk behaviours, relationship characteristics, HIV/STI knowledge and several psychosocial risk factors. Results: When girls endorsed a relationship imperative, higher HIV/STI knowledge was associated with low partner communication self-efficacy, inconsistent condom use and unprotected sex, when controlling for demographics and self-esteem. Conclusions: Young girls with high HIV/STI knowledge may have placed themselves at risk for HIV/STIs given the importance and value they place on being in a relationship. Contextual factors should be considered when developing interventions.

Gender-Based Differences in the Treatment of Young Offenders by the Police and the Children's Court in New South Wales, Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gliksman
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Young Males ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Police Statistics

It has been consistently reported that young males commit crimes with an average frequency five times greater than their female peers. Most data supporting this view are derived from juvenile court and police statistics. Studies using data derived from self-reported behaviour suggest that the true relative frequency may be closer to 2:1. Police and juvenile justice data for the year 1994–5 in New South Wales, Australia, were analysed in an attempt to determine whether court and police statistics might reflect a form of selection bias, where the likelihood of arrest, trial and/or sentence is a function of gender, rather than frequency and nature of offence. The results suggest that the 5:1 gender ratio reflects a strong component of gender bias in the workings of the juvenile justice system in New South Wales. If suspected of a given crime, young males are more likely to be denied bail and (if found guilty) to be given a harsher sentence than young females suspected (or found guilty) of the same crime. Overall, if found guilty of an offence, boys were four times more likely than girls to receive a custodial sentence. Therefore, boys are selectively denied access to alternate rehabilitation resources which are made available to girls who are in trouble with the law. The juvenile justice system in New South Wales requires careful examination and reform if such apparently deeply entrenched biases are to be eliminated.

scholarly journals School bonding theory and female juvenile delinquency

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Edwin Dale Hall
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Research Question ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Juvenile Delinquent ◽  
School Bonding ◽  
Bonding Theory ◽  
Delinquent Girls

This study focused on the school experiences of juvenile delinquent girls before they were admitted to Missouri's Juvenile Justice System. The theoretical framework of the study centered on School Bonding Theory which was developed by Hirschi in 1969. The research question guiding this study was: What was the school experience of female juvenile delinquents prior to entering the juvenile justice system?

scholarly journals An Occupation-Based Program to Promote Mental Health of At-Risk Youth in an After-Care Setting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alexa Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Positive Communication ◽  
After Care

The disproportionate tendency for young adults from disadvantaged backgrounds to shift from schools to the juvenile justice system is referred to as the “school to prison pipeline”. Treating and preventing mental health difficulties is within the scope of occupational therapy, and while the school system assists in mental health treatment, there is a lack of mental health supporting services in after-care settings. The purpose of the program development project is to increase the supportive mental health services provided to at-risk youth in the after-care setting. The project ran mental health group sessions using Cole’s Seven Step Model with participant groups of 10-20 middle school students at two after-care facilities once a week for 9 weeks. Based on the program results, the participants were the most interested in sessions covering confidence building, conflict resolution, and positive communication with adults. They believed that sessions covering aggression, conflict resolution, and positive communication with adults were the most effective in reaching their targeted goal. Increasing the amount of services provided to at-risk youth in urban areas can both increase engagement in typical occupations of youth and decrease the overwhelming number of these youths in the juvenile justice system.

Does the Effect of Self-Regulation on Adolescent Recidivism Vary by Youths’ Attitudes?

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Fine ◽  
Michael T. Baglivio ◽  
Elizabeth Cauffman ◽  
Kevin T. Wolff ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
System Involvement

Youth with poor self-regulation or criminal attitudes are at risk for recidivism. Researchers have yet to examine how self-regulation and criminal attitudes intermix to influence recidivism. The present study employed a large sample of 26,947 youth in the Florida Juvenile Justice System to examine the effect of criminal attitudes on the association between self-regulation and recidivism over a 1-year period. The results indicated that the influence of self-regulation on recidivism varied based on youths’ attitudes. Although self-regulation affected recidivism among youth with average (d y/d x = –.03, SE = .01, p < .001) and less criminal (d y/d x = –.05, SE = .01, p < .001) attitudes, self-regulation was not associated with recidivism among youth with more criminal attitudes (d y/d x = –.01, SE = .01, p = .150). These findings demonstrate mechanisms that may promote sustained justice system involvement and identify key levers for reducing youth recidivism.

Over-represented and misunderstood: Pacific young people and juvenile justice in NSW

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marg Liddell ◽  
Meredith Blake ◽  
Supriya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Family Connections ◽  
Offending Behaviour

In New South Wales, Australia, statistics show that Pacific young people are over-represented in the juvenile justice system. They enter later than other young offenders, frequently for violent offending. Drawing on research with Pacific young people on correctional orders, their families and communities, we outline the reasons for their over-representation using a risk and protective paradigm. Family connections, religious faith and cultural identity are reportedly strong for Pacific young people, but they struggle to negotiate differences between Pacific and Australian cultures. Misunderstanding of these issues and Pacific young people’s typical offending trajectory results in a lack of interventions to reduce this offending behaviour. This article makes a contribution to knowledge of a rarely researched group of young people in the juvenile justice system. It highlights the need for increased awareness of issues that Pacific young offenders face.

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