scholarly journals Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Japanese Children and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders: A Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Ishikawa ◽  
Naoyasu Motomura ◽  
Yasuo Kawabata ◽  
Hidetaka Tanaka ◽  
Sakie Shimotsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Future Challenges

Background: Thirty-three Japanese children and adolescents diagnosed with an anxiety disorder participated in individual or group Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) that was modelled after evidence-based intervention programs developed in Western countries. Method: The treatment consisted of: (a) building rapport and education; (b) identifying emotions and recognizing cognitive self-talk; (c) challenging anxious self-talk; (d) developing an anxiety hierarchy and in vivo exposures; and (e) planning for future challenges. Results: Three months following treatment, 20 of the 33 children and adolescents (60.91%) no longer met criteria for their principal anxiety disorders and 16 (48.48%) were free from all anxiety disorders. Self-reported anxiety, depression, and cognitive errors also decreased significantly from pre- to post-treatment and these gains were maintained at 3-month follow-up. For the most part, similar outcomes were found in both the group and individual formats of CBT. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary support for the transportability of CBT in both an individual and group format to Japan.

scholarly journals Homework Adherence and Cognitive Behaviour Treatment Outcome for Children and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Arendt ◽  
Mikael Thastum ◽  
Esben Hougaard
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Homework Adherence

Background: Homework assignments are considered an essential component for a successful outcome of cognitive behavioural therapy for youths with anxiety disorders. However, only two studies have examined the association between homework adherence and outcome of cognitive behavioural therapy for youths with anxiety disorders. Aims: The study examined the association between homework adherence and treatment outcome following a generic group cognitive behaviour treatment program (Cool Kids) for anxiety disordered youths and their parents. Method: The treatment program was completed by 98 children and adolescents (ages 7–16). Homework adherence was measured as time spent doing homework assignments between each session, reported by youths as well as parents. Outcome criteria consisted of youth-reported anxiety symptoms and clinician rated severity of primary anxiety diagnosis at posttreatment and 3-month follow-up. Results: Results did not support an association between homework adherence and treatment outcome when controlling for pretreatment severity. Conclusions: The study found no convincing evidence that homework adherence predicted outcome of cognitive behavioural therapy for youths with anxiety disorders. Reasons for divergent findings on homework adherence in cognitive behavioural therapy for youths compared to adults are discussed.

scholarly journals Manualised Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa: Use of Treatment Modules in the ANTOP Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaby Resmark ◽  
Brigid Kennedy ◽  
Maria Mayer ◽  
Katrin Giel ◽  
Florian Junne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Outpatient Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Pros And Cons

Standardised treatment manuals facilitate therapy planning and enhance comparability for research purposes. Within the Anorexia Nervosa Treatment of Out Patients (ANTOP) study, the largest multisite outpatient intervention trial in anorexia nervosa (AN) to date, manualised enhanced cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT-E) was offered as one treatment modality. The manual consisted of 9 modules, of which Motivation, Nutrition, Formulation and Relapse Prevention were compulsory. Homework worksheets were provided, to ensure the transfer of therapeutic improvements to daily life. This study investigated the use of modules and worksheets in order to explore practice styles of trained therapists in the treatment of AN. This secondary analysis was based on log-sheets (n = 2604) CBT-E therapists completed after each session. Frequencies of modules and worksheets used across all sessions were calculated. Relationships, such as that between use of module and duration of illness, were examined. The most commonly used module was Motivation. In patients with longer illness duration, the module Self Esteem seemed to be particularly important. The worksheet Scales, balancing the pros and cons of AN, was prioritised by therapists. The results underline the importance of motivational work in the treatment of AN, including validating the ambivalence experienced by most AN patients. With increasing duration of illness, resource-oriented elements, such as self esteem stabilisation, should be of focus.

scholarly journals Online Attention Bias Modification in Combination With Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Anxiety Disorders: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmijn M. de Lijster ◽  
Gwendolyn C. Dieleman ◽  
Elisabeth M.W.J. Utens ◽  
Jan van der Ende ◽  
Tamsin M. Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Attention Bias ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Attention Bias Modification ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Bias Modification

AbstractAttention Bias Modification (ABM) targets attention bias (AB) towards threat, which is common in youth with anxiety disorders. Previous clinical trials showed inconsistent results regarding the efficacy of ABM, and few studies have examined the effect of online ABM and its augmented effect with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). The aim of the current study was to examine the efficacy of online ABM combined with CBT for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Children (aged 8–16 years) completed nine online sessions of ABM (n= 28) or online sessions of the Attention Control Condition (ACC;n= 27) over a period of 3 weeks (modified dot-probe task with anxiety disorder-congruent stimuli), followed by CBT. Primary outcomes were clinician-reported anxiety disorder status. Secondary outcomes were patient-reported anxiety and depression symptoms and AB. Results showed a continuous decrease across time in primary and secondary outcomes (ps < .001). However, no differences across time between the ABM and ACC group were found (ps > .50). Baseline AB and age did not moderate treatment effects. Online ABM combined with CBT does not show different efficacy compared with online ACC with CBT for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Stepped Care Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Children with Anxiety Disorders: A New Treatment Approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelinde J. M. van der Leeden ◽  
Brigit M. van Widenfelt ◽  
Rien van der Leeden ◽  
Juliette M. Liber ◽  
Elisabeth M. W. J. Utens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

Background: The current nonrandomized clinical trial explored changes over time in children with an anxiety disorder during stepped care, manual-based cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). Methods: Clinically anxious children (8–12 years, n = 133) and their parents participated in child focused CBT (10 sessions). If assessments indicated additional treatment was necessary, participants could step up to a second and possibly third treatment phase (each 5 sessions) including more parental involvement. Results: After the first treatment phase 45% of the Intention-To-Treat sample was free of any anxiety disorder; after the second and third phase an additional 17% and 11% respectively. In total, 74% of the children no longer met criteria for any anxiety disorder following treatment. Child and parent reported anxiety and depression symptoms of children improved significantly during all treatment phases, as well as child reported anxiety sensitivity and negative affect. Children participating in more treatment showed significant improvements during additional treatment phases, indicating that late change occurred for the subgroup that had not changed during the first phase. Conclusions: Stepped care offers a standardized, assessment based, yet tailored treatment approach for children with anxiety disorders. A more intensive treatment is offered when initial CBT is insufficient, providing children additional opportunities to reach the desired outcome.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Bream ◽  
Fiona Challacombe ◽  
Asmita Palmer ◽  
Paul Salkovskis
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can be a very disabling and distressing problem. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been shown to be very effective in helping people to overcome OCD. OCD is a highly heterogeneous disorder, often complicated by contextual factors, and therapists are often left wondering how to apply their knowledge of treatment to the particular problems as they face them in clinical practice. This book guides the reader through understanding the background to and principles of using CBT for OCD in a clear practical ‘how to’ style. It also elucidates the particular challenges and solutions in applying CBT for OCD using illustrative case material and guidance on formulation-driven intervention. The book also addresses commonly occurring complexities in the treatment of OCD; for example, working with comorbidity, perfectionism, shame, and family involvement in symptoms. Throughout the book, tips are provided on receiving and giving supervision to troubleshoot commonly encountered problems. This book provides a guide to improved practice for clinicians at all levels of experience.

scholarly journals Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents: aetiology, diagnosis and treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron K. Vallance ◽  
Victoria Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Individual

SummaryThe presentation of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents shares similarities and differences with that in adults, and may vary significantly, depending on the age of the individual. Assessment must differentiate anxiety disorders from developmentally appropriate fears as well as medical conditions and drugs that can mimic anxiety states. Aetiology of anxiety disorders in this group encompasses complex genetic and environmental influences. Additional insight into causation is provided by neuroimaging and research into temperament. Recommended interventions include both cognitive-behavioural therapy and pharmacology. Although childhood anxiety disorders generally remit, there remains an increased risk for anxiety and depressive disorders to emerge in adulthood, most likely through heterotypical continuity.

Cognitive behaviour therapy vs rational emotive education: Impact on children's self-talk, self-esteem and irrational beliefs

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Rational Emotive ◽  
Rational Emotive Education ◽  
The Impact

This study investigated the impact of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Rational-Emotive Education (REE) self-enhancement programs on children's self-talk, self-esteem and irrational beliefs. A total of 116 children (50.9% girls) with a mean age of 9.8 years attending Years 4 and 6 at two primary schools participated in the study. CBT resulted in a reduction in negative self-talk while REE seemed to enhance independence beliefs. Both programs were associated with increased positive self-talk and with having increased rationality in Conformity and Discomfort Intolerance beliefs.

ASSESSING THERAPIST ADHERENCE TO COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOUR THERAPY FOR PSYCHOSIS

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Startup ◽  
Mike Jackson ◽  
Emma Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Therapist Adherence ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Adherence Scale

Recently, several RCTs have provided preliminary evidence that cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is effective in the treatment of people suffering from schizophrenia. However, none of these trials has provided complete demonstrations of therapist adherence. Since no suitable scale existed already, the authors devised the Cognitive Therapy for Psychosis Adherence Scale (CTPAS). The main aim of the present research was to test whether the 12 items of this scale could be rated reliably. Ratings were made on 29 sessions of CBT for schizophrenia by two raters independently and their agreement was found to be at least adequate on 10 of the items of the CTPAS. Ratings were also made on relevant items of the Collaborative Study Psychotherapy Rating Scale and agreement was found to be more than adequate for three factor-based subscales derived from these items. The results suggest therapist adherence to CBT for psychosis can be rated reliably and that the CTPAS is likely to be useful in future research on this form of treatment.

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