The impact of including babies on the effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy skills groups in a community perinatal service

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Adele E. Greaves ◽  
Hannah McKenzie ◽  
Rachel O’Brien ◽  
Anna Roberts ◽  
Kate Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Perinatal mental illnesses are a major public health issue, which untreated can have devastating impacts on women and their families. Problems with emotion regulation are a common feature across perinatal mental illnesses. Aims: This study sought to evaluate the impacts of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) skills groups for mothers and babies in a community perinatal service. We hypothesised that community perinatal DBT skills groups that included babies would reduce distress and improve emotional regulation. Method: A mixed-methods within-subjects design was utilised with outcome measures collected pre- and post-intervention. Qualitative interviews exploring mothers’ experiences of bringing their baby to group were also conducted. Results: Results indicated that DBT skills groups significantly improved levels of psychological distress and emotional regulation. Conclusions: Community perinatal DBT skills groups are effective when babies are present. Moreover, benefits of including babies were identified, under the themes of Self as Mother, Shared Experience, and Impact of Babies.

Training to improve responder attitudes and knowledge of opioid overdose

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Matthew Thomas ◽  
Laura Brady ◽  
Monika Wozniak ◽  
Elizabeth Terranova ◽  
Cheryll Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Session ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Attitudes And Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

Background: Opioid use is a major public health issue and opioid overdose requires rapid response with naloxone. Aims: This study assesses the impact of a training session on the knowledge and attitudes of first responders and members of the community regarding opioid overdose recognition and naloxone use. Methods: A training session was delivered to 2327 participants between July 2019 and March 2020. The study used a paired, pre-/post-analysis to quantify changes. Findings: Nearly all (99.7%) participants completed a survey before and after training. Statistically significant improvements were observed in nearly all attitude and knowledge items. Conclusion: An education session delivered to an educationally and professionally diverse group can improve trainees' knowledge and attitudes. There were some significant differences between sub-groups, particularly regarding their professional and educational background, and whether the location was urban or rural. Further study is needed to examine whether trainees would benefit from a course tailored toward their education and professional experience.

Suicide by jumping at beachy head in East Sussex – The impact of a suicide prevention patrol scheme

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s886-s887 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Durgahee ◽  
M. Isaac ◽  
J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

IntroductionSuicide is a major public health issue. It is the leading cause of death among younger adults in the UK. Suicide by jumping is an uncommon method. About 23 people die each year by jumping from the cliffs at beachy head, Sussex. The beachy head chaplaincy established a suicide-prevention patrol at beachy head in August 2004. To date there have been no studies evaluating the impact of a suicide patrol as a prevention strategy. This study aimed to assess the impact of this suicide-prevention patrol.MethodsData from local and national official statistics was gathered to examine the overall suicide numbers and rates of suicide by jumping vs. other methods. This included an in-depth scrutiny of coroners’ data and reports from the beachy head chaplaincy.A qualitative, phenomenological approach using in-depth interviews was used to evaluate the “lived experiences” of members of the suicide-prevention patrol.ResultsThe statistics reveal unexpected and at times, conflicting, results which will be offered for discussion.The thematic analysis of the interviews reveals insights into the motivations for volunteering; how a faith-based patrol works; the physical and psycho-social impact of the work; volunteers’ stories; the centrality of God within their work and motivation.For copyright reasons full details of the analyses cannot be made available before the conference.DiscussionWe welcome an interactive discussion of the results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Somewhere to go: Assessing the impact of public restroom interventions on reports of open defecation in San Francisco, California from 2014 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Kathleen Amato ◽  
Douglas Martin ◽  
Christopher Michael Hoover ◽  
Jay Paul Graham
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Open defecation due to a lack of access to sanitation facilities remains a public health issue in the United States. People experiencing homelessness face barriers to accessing sanitation facilities, and are often forced to practice open defecation on streets and sidewalks. Exposed feces may contain harmful pathogens posing a significant threat to public health, especially among unhoused persons living near open defecation sites. The City of San Francisco’s Department of Public Works implemented the Pit Stop Program to provide the unhoused and the general public with improved access to sanitation with the goal of reducing fecal contamination on streets and sidewalks. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of these public restroom interventions on reports of exposed feces in San Francisco, California. Methods We evaluated the impact of various public restroom interventions implemented from January 1, 2014 to January 1, 2020 on reports of exposed feces, captured through a 311 municipal service. Publicly available 311 reports of exposed feces were spatially and temporally matched to 31 Pit Stop restroom interventions in ten San Francisco neighborhoods. We conducted an interrupted time-series analysis to compare pre- versus post-intervention rates of feces reports near the restrooms. Results Feces reports declined by 12.47 reports per week after the installation of 13 Pit Stop restrooms (p-value = 0.0002). The rate of reports per week declined from the six-month pre-intervention period to the post-intervention period (slope change=-0.024 [95% CI=-0.033, -0.014]). Reports also declined after new restroom installations in the Mission and Golden Gate Park, and after the provision of attendants in the Mission, Castro/Upper Market, and Financial District/South Beach. Conclusions Increased access to public toilets and the addition of restroom attendants reduced fecal contamination in San Francisco, especially in neighborhoods with people experiencing homelessness. Programs that improve access to public restrooms should be evaluated at the neighborhood level in order to tailor sanitation interventions to neighborhood-specific needs.

scholarly journals Religious Coping, Medication Adherence and Quality of Life for Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Made Mahaguna Putra ◽  
Kadek Siki Mariani ◽  
Ni Nyoman Ari Ratnadi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue particularly in the elderly. Religion may affect the Quality of Life in such patients, mediated by factors such as religious coping and medication adherence. This study aimed to investigate the impact of religious coping and medication adherence on quality of life.Method: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue particularly in the elderly. Religion may affect the Quality of Life in such patients, mediated by factors such as religious coping and medication adherence. This study aimed to investigate the impact of religious coping and medication adherence on quality of life.Result: there is a significant relationship between Religious Coping and adherence to treatment in Diabetes Mellitus patients with a value of r = 0.266 (p = 0.00) and quality of life (r = 0.216; p = 0.00).Conclusion: Religious coping has an important influence and relationship on treatment adherence to diabetes mellitus sufferers and can provide motivation for sufferers in carrying out medication.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Impact of a Multicomponent Stop Smoking Intervention in an Irish Prison

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11981
Author(s):  
Andrea Bowe ◽  
Louise Marron ◽  
John Devlin ◽  
Paul Kavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Binary Data ◽  
Ordinal Data ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Smoking Intervention ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The disproportionately high prevalence of tobacco use among prisoners remains an important public health issue. While Ireland has well-established legislative bans on smoking in public places, these do not apply in prisons. This study evaluates a multi-component tobacco control intervention in a medium security prison for adult males in Ireland. A stop-smoking intervention, targeting staff and prisoners, was designed, implemented, and evaluated with a before-and-after study. Analysis was conducted using McNemar’s test for paired binary data, Wilcoxon signed rank test for ordinal data, and paired T-tests for continuous normal data. Pre-intervention, 44.3% (n = 58) of the study population were current smokers, consisting of 60.7% of prisoners (n = 51) and 15.9% of staff (n = 7). Post-intervention, 45.1% of prisoners (n = 23/51) and 100% of staff (n = 7/7) who identified as current smokers pre-intervention reported abstinence from smoking. Among non-smokers, the proportion reporting being exposed to someone else’s cigarette smoke while being a resident or working in the unit decreased from 69.4% (n = 50/72) pre-intervention to 27.8% (n = 20/72) post-intervention (p < 0.001). This multicomponent intervention resulted in high abstinence rates, had high acceptability among both staff and prisoners, and was associated with wider health benefits across the prison setting.

scholarly journals Emotional Regulation In Teens And Improvement of Constructive Skills (EmoTIConS): Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pedrini ◽  
Roberta Rossi ◽  
Laura Rosa Magni ◽  
Mariangela Lanfredi ◽  
Serena Meloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional Problem ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Emotional dysregulation (ED) constitutes a relevant factor involved in the onset and maintenance of many mental disorders. Targeting ED during adolescence could be determinant both to identify high risk individuals and to promote preventive interventions. This study will aim to evaluate the impact of a brief Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)-based intervention for adolescent students by measuring changes in emotional regulation skills and impulsive behaviors. Moreover, alterations in biological features related to stress response and inflammation will be assessed as potential biological variables associated to ED.Methods: This is a randomized trial. A total of 20 classes of adolescent students will be recruited among high schools in Brescia, a city in the North of Italy. They will be randomized to the psychoeducational intervention (experimental group) or to a control condition (control group). The intervention will be based on DBT Skills Training for Emotional Problem Solving for Adolescents, and it will consist in four monthly 2-hours sessions (for a total of 8 hours) scheduled during regular school-time. Participants will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and at 3 and 6-month of follow-up. The primary outcome measures will be represented by changes in the use of emotional regulation skills (measured by the DBT-Ways of Coping Checklist) and by changes in the frequency of impulsive behaviours (measured by an ad-hoc created checklist). Salivary samples will be collected at baseline and post-intervention to explore possible biological features underlying ED.Discussion: Data from the present project will offer the opportunity to better understand the complex phenomenon of ED. Repeated assessment will cover several domains (emotional, behavioral, social, biological) as potential factors associated with ED. Moreover, it will be possible to measure the effect of the proposed intervention, contributing to improve knowledge on the impact of school-based universal preventive programs. Finally, the current trial will propose an integrated screening- and intervention-based model. Ultimately, this could reduce barriers to youth’s mental health care by fostering collaboration between schools and mental health services. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04349709. Registration date: 16/04/2020https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04349709

Revisiting goa's mental health

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 573-573
Author(s):  
A.E. Ribeiro ◽  
M. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Major Public Health Issue

Despite Goa's privileged economic and environmental position, research has demonstrated that mental health is in fact a major public health issue in this Indian state.Besides learning difficulties, child abuse, and high suicide rates, depression and anxiety seem to affect more than one third of the patients in primary care attenders. Medically unexplained physical symptoms are common clinical features, frequently misdiagnosed by the primary care physicians. Alcohol consumption has always been an integral part of Goan lifestyle, with alcohol dependence being a major public health issue. Drug abuse, in particular heroin and more recently LSD and ecstasy, are of concern in the coastal areas, and foreign influence might not be the only explanation for this fact.Goa has one of the most extensive health systems in India. Private psychiatry is also relatively well represented, and fortunately there are some NGOs working in this field, providing care in areas where government services have been inadequate.Despite those facts, the majority of persons with mental health disorders have never come in contact with mental health care providers. Persons prefer to consult non-mental health professionals, and frequently continue to seek help from Religious and Spiritual Leaders, Informal Counsellors, priests and Gurus with healing powers. Many of such practices are unregulated, expensive and potentially dangerous.Priority mental health issues in Goa include sensitizing health workers to mental illnesses, and improving access to care in existing health services.

A qualitative investigation of mindfulness practice to support advance care planning (ACP).

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
Shelley A. Johns ◽  
Ann H. Cottingham ◽  
Kathleen A. Beck-Coon ◽  
Paul R. Helft
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Living Will ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Care Intervention

15 Background: Despite ongoing attempts to increase ACP in the U.S, a national longitudinal study of patients with cancer found no significant change in participation in end-of-life (EOL) discussions or living will completion between 2000-2012. A key barrier to ACP includes emotional discomfort talking about EOL care preferences. Mindfulness practices facilitate emotional regulation through present-centered awareness and non-reactive coping. In this pilot, an intervention combining mindfulness training, mindful communication skill development, and information about ACP was hypothesized to increase ACP in patients with cancer. Methods: The Mindfully Optimizing Delivery of End-of-Life Care (MODEL Care) intervention provided 12 hours of training to 13 patients with advanced-stage cancer and their family CGs (n = 13 dyads). Training included breath awareness, sitting meditation, mindful movement (yoga), mindful communication, and ACP information. Patients reported on participation in ACP behaviors at baseline and 4 weeks post intervention. Patients and CGs participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews after MODEL Care that were recorded, transcribed, and coded for key themes. Results: Compared to baseline, patients made notable improvement in ACP behaviors, including having goals of care conversations with their oncologist (p = .03) and family CG (p = .06). Qualitatively, patients and CGs reported an improved ability to “pause” and effectively manage tender emotions, coupled with improved communication and connection between patient and caregiver: “It kind of reminded us both that we need to make a conscious effort to ensure communication occurs on important things”; “We’ve been more in sync than we ever have been.” Moreover, MODEL Care reportedly facilitated thinking about the future to “do what we need to do” and “get things prepared." Conclusions: The MODEL care intervention improved patient and CG ability in areas foundational to ACP engagement: reduced emotional reactivity, communicating about difficult issues, and understanding relevance of ACP. Findings support the potential use of mindfulness training to support ACP for adults with cancer and their family CGs. Clinical trial information: NCT02367508.

Mindfulness training to support advance care planning: Qualitative findings from a randomized pilot.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (34_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Shelley A. Johns ◽  
Ann H. Cottingham ◽  
Tayler Gowan ◽  
Tasneem L. Talib ◽  
Patrick V. Stutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advance Care Planning ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Mindfulness Intervention ◽  
Advance Care

4 Background: Emotional discomfort talking about end of life (EOL) often inhibits advance care planning (ACP). Mindfulness meditation facilitates emotional regulation through present-centered awareness and non-reactive coping and may help adults with cancer and their family caregivers (CGs) approach ACP with greater ease. As part of a randomized pilot study of a mindfulness intervention, we conducted qualitative interviews with cancer patients and their CGs to explore participants’ perceptions of the effects of mindfulness on EOL discussions and ACP. Methods: Adults with advanced solid malignancies and an estimated prognosis of < 12 months were randomized with their CG (N = 55 dyads) to receive standard care alone or standard care plus a 6-session mindfulness intervention that included guided mindfulness meditation, mindful communication practices, and ACP information. A subset of mindfulness patients (n = 20) and CGs (n = 15) completed semi-structured qualitative interviews post-intervention that were recorded, transcribed, and coded using a deductive approach. Results: Researchers identified three primary themes. For patients and CGs, the mindfulness intervention: (1) enhanced awareness and discussion of ACP; (2) increased acceptance of poor prognosis; and (3) fostered supportive communication. Consistent with these themes, patients noted that the intervention enabled them to begin to accept that cure may not be possible, helped them “get over the hurdle” of talking about EOL, and provided an opportunity to reflect on their life priorities, including goals of care. CGs reported that the intervention fostered ACP conversations that had been previously avoided, enhanced understanding of patient preferences that often differed from their own, and increased ability to accept realities of the patient’s illness. Patients and CGs both reported improved understanding of the need to plan for EOL, greater openness to discussing sensitive issues, and an enhanced ability to listen more deeply and communicate with greater kindness. Conclusions: Findings support the use of mindfulness training to equip patients and CGs for timely EOL discussions and ACP. Clinical trial information: NCT03257007.

Effectiveness of a 10-week group program based on Dialectical Behaviour Therapy skills among patients with personality and mood disorders: findings from a pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agatha M Conrad ◽  
Anoop Sankaranarayanan ◽  
Terry J Lewin ◽  
Anna Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Community Mental Health Service ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Community mental health services are often required to manage people experiencing repeated crises. Personality disorders are not uncommon, accounting for up to one-third of such presentations. These patients are often difficult to treat, leading to a revolving-door phenomenon. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a pilot intervention in reducing psychological symptoms and distress, and examined the impact of the intervention on mental health service utilization. Methods: A pre- versus post-treatment evaluation was conducted of the effectiveness of a 10-week group psychological intervention based on Dialectical Behaviour Therapy skills, conducted in a regional Australian community mental health service with patients diagnosed with either Cluster B personality disorder or a mood disorder. Results: Of those who completed the program ( N = 38 patients), 84% were female, with an average age of 35.13 years. Participants were active clients of the service for an average of 58.3 weeks prior to the program. They demonstrated significant improvements in quality of life and self-control, and a reduction in hopelessness, cognitive instability and dependence on mental health services. Conclusions: Limiting the Dialectical Behaviour Therapy program to a short-term skills-based group component was successful with the targeted patient group; however, more research is required to establish the generalizability of these results.

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