Deep Sinking for Coal in the Wyre Forest Coal-Field

The Geologist ◽  
1861 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 421-426
Author(s):  
George E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
North West ◽  
Shaft Sinking ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
North And South ◽  
Special Notice ◽  
Coal Fields

Mention is made by Mr. Hull, F.G.S., in the second edition of his useful work on the coal-fields of England, of a deep sinking for coal on the estate of the Arley Pottery and Fire-brick Company, situated at Shatterford, five miles north of Bewdley. This work, though unfortunately ending in failure, and leading to the abandonment of the enterprise, deserves a prominent ppsition in the annals of coalmining, chiefly because the section obtained may be regarded as an index to nearly the whole of the coal measures of the forest of Wyre. Through the courtesy of Mr. John M. Fellows, manager of works to the late company, I am enabled to place on record the particulars of the shaft-sinking. To illustrate it, I have sketched the geological construction of the district for three miles in a line north-west to south-east, adding a section due north and south of the near-lying anticline of Trimpley, where the upper tilestones crop out. While the work of sinking was in progress, I obtained daily intelligence either through visits or by communications from Mr. Fellows, to whose obliging conduct in giving me every facility for scientific investigation I am greatly indebted.The specimens obtained from each bed were particularly examined by me, and the fire-clays, which, from their number formed an important part of the series, were of a highly interesting character. The fossils obtained do not require special notice, no new fern being met with, and the Sigillariæ, &c, being few in number and badly preserved. These in every case lay prostrated in the strata, and appeared to have been drifted.

V.—The Fossil Flora of the Ingleton Coal-Field (Yorkshire)

1912 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Newell Arber
Keyword(s):  
Geological Survey ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Upper Carboniferous ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Coal Fields

The Upper Carboniferous rocks of the Ingleton Coal-field in North-West Yorkshire present a difficult study, and at the present time they are very imperfectly known. As mapped by the Geological Survey, there is apparently a perfect succession, passing up from the Yoredales, through the Millstone Grits, to the Lower and Middle Coal-measures. The coal-measures are in part overlain hy a series of red rocks, which have been assigned to the Permian, as in the case of other of the Midland Coal-fields. In the index of the Survey map of the north-eastern portion of the coal-field, the Deep Coal is taken as the top of the Lower, and the bottom of the Middle Coal-measures.

Deep Sinking for Coal in the Wyre Forest Coal-Field

The Geologist ◽  
1861 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 468-469
Author(s):  
George E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Shaft Sinking ◽  
Considerable Range

Some other memoranda which I find among my papers relating to this work (for a section of which, with particulars of shaft-sinking, see “Geologist” of last month) may not be unacceptable to your coal-mining readers.The spot where the shaft was sunk was 476 feet above the level of the Severn Valley Railway at Eymoor, and about 510 feet above the ordinary height of the River Severn, from which it was distant about two miles. The coal seam met with and worked at the depth of 176 yards, has in other parts of the coal-field a thickness of four feet. The colliers regard it as a Flying Reed (red?) coal. Two of the thin coal-seams afterwards sunk through were entirely made up of the remains of Sigillariæ; the coal, in consequence, was “long grained” and slaty. These Sigillarian coals have a considerable range through the Wyre Forest field, and in common with most of the other seams, crop out along the western border. At the Baginswood pits, in the north-west corner of the coal·field, the upper coal, two feet four inches in thickness, worked by hand-draw, being only ten yards from surface, is a most interesting seam, made up entirely of compressed Sigillariæ.

V.—On the Fossil Flora of the Staffordshire Coal Fields

1892 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kidston
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Coal Fields

The present paper is the second of the series dealing with the Fossil Flora of the Staffordshire Coal Fields. As in previous memoirs, I give a short sketch of the Geology of the coal field, merely for the purpose of indicating the relationship of the beds to each other, from which the fossils have been derived.Various memoirs dealing with the geological structure and resources of the Potteries Coal Field have already appeared, but in these the names applied to the different groups of strata which compose the Potteries Coal Field have generally special application to the local geological features, and do not treat of the Coal Field in its wider relationship, when considered as only forming a part of the Coal Measures as developed in Britain. A similar course has usually been taken in the published memoirs of other British Coal Fields, which makes a comparison of their relative ages, from the data given, very difficult.Although the Mollusea have usually been collected and examined, from their great vertical distribution—in some cases extending throughout the whole range of carboniferous rocks—they as a whole afford little data for the determination of the divisions of the Coal Measures, and unfortunately the fossil plants appear to have received little attention when the memoirs of the various coal fields were being prepared.

scholarly journals VI.—On the Fossil Flora of the Staffordshire Coal Fields

1889 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kidston
Keyword(s):  
Small Extent ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
North East ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Coal Fields

On the Fossil Plants collected during the Sinking of the Shaft of the Hamstead Colliery, Great Barr, near Birmingham.The area comprised in the county of Stafford embraces five coal fields—I. The Goldsitch Moss Coal Field, in the extreme north-east of the county.II. The Cheadle and Churnet Valley Coal Field.III. The Wetley and Shafferlong Coal Field.IV. The Coal Field of the Potteries.V. The South Staffordshire Coal Field.The three first mentioned are of small extent, and as I know little of their fossil flora they are omitted from this series of papers on the Carboniferous Flora of the Staffordshire Coal Fields.I, however, devote a separate communication to the fossil plants met with while sinking the shaft of the Hamstead Colliery, Great Barr, as a considerable part of the rocks passed through during this operation is clearly Upper Coal Measures, not Permian, as has been generally stated. The palæontological evidence, therefore, becomes of special importance in determining the age of the red shales occurring in the upper part of this sinking, which have been usually mapped as Permian.

scholarly journals V. On the Geological Structure of the District around Kingswood Hill, near Bristol; with especial reference to the supposed Development of Millstone-grit in that Neighbourhood

1865 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Handel Cossham
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
The South ◽  
Especial Reference ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
The Government ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Coal Fields

I have for some years had serious doubts as to the correctness of the Map of the Geological Survey so for as it relatesto the supposed presence of Millstone-grit in the northern portion of the Bristol Coal-field in the neighbourhood of Kingswood Hill; and in a foot-note to a most valuable lecture delivered by my friend Mr. Robert Etheridge, F.G.S. (of the RoyalSchool of Mines) at the Bristol Mining School in 1857, and published in a volume of Lectures issued by that Institution, Ihad, so long ago as that year, expressed doubts as to the existence of Millstone-grit at the surface near kingswood. Sincethen I have had much greater opportunities of investigating the matter, having taken, with my partners, a large tract of mineral property in that district; and the results of those investigations thoroughly confirm the doubts I had previously entertained, and in fact fully satisfy my mind that what is shown as Millstone-grit on the Government Geological Map, as also on the valuable map lately published by Mr. William Sanders, F.R.S., of Bristol, is really nothing more than one of thesandstones (the ‘Holmes Rock’) so common in the Coal-measures proper, and developed on a grand scale in the Pennant-grit dividing the Upper and Lower Coal-series of all the South-western Coal-fields.

V.—Palæontological Notes from the Manchester Museum. Archæeocidaris in the Middle Coal-measures of Lancashire; with Notes on other Species

1911 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
J. Wilfrid Jackson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Coal Measure ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
The Third ◽  
Working Through ◽  
The North ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
North And South ◽  
Coal Fields

In the course of working through the large collection of Coal-measure fossils in the Manchester Museum I have recently discovered a number of interesting, and hitherto unrecorded, forms from the well-known ‘Marine Band’ in the Middle Coal-measures of Ashton-under-Lyne. The most interesting of these additions is undoubtedly Archæocidaris, a genus which is not at all common in the Coal-measures of this country, though fairly abundant in North America. Hitherto it has only been recorded from the North and South Staffordshire Coal-fields; its discovery, therefore, at Ashton constitutes the third record for the British Isles.

scholarly journals XVII.—On the Fossil Flora of the Radstock Series of the Somerset and Bristol Coal Field (Upper Coal Measures)

1888 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kidston
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Coal Fields

My attention for the last few years having been specially directed to the vertical distribution of the Carboniferous Fossil Flora, it is my intention to publish a series of papers dealing with this subject.While carrying on these investigations it has been necessary, in addition to visiting public and private collections, to visit several of the coal fields for the purpose of collecting specimens, as in almost no case have the smaller and less attractive species been secured, and, as a rule, only what strikes the ordinary collector as being “a fine specimen” is preserved, to the exclusion of many less striking but often more valuable examples. Hence our public collections, and, with few exceptions, also our private collections, give a very imperfect idea of the richness of the flora of the Carboniferous Formation of Britain.

scholarly journals IV.—On the Co-relation of the Carboniferous Deposits of Cornbrook, Brown Clee, Harcott, and Coalbrook-dale

1871 ◽  
Vol 8 (86) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jones
Keyword(s):  
Coal Field ◽  
Western Margin ◽  
North East ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Coal Fields

It has not hitherto been clearly made out in what way these Carboniferous patches are related to each other. Some have considered it doubtful whether the three former are in any way represented in the Coalbrook-dale Field. The prevailing impression is, I believe, that the Clee Hill Fields are quite distinct in point of age from any of the Coal tracts surrounding them, and were formed in a depression sufficiently low to receive the Millstone Grit which we find to be wanting in the extensive Coal-fields to the East and North-east, except, let me observe, along the Western margin of the Coalbrook-dale district, where it is not well developed, but still represented. Eastward of that margin, however, it thins out rapidly, and gives way to the Silurian flooring of that Coal-field.

scholarly journals On the Geology of the Beaufort and Ebbw Vale District of the South Wales Coal-Field

The Geologist ◽  
1858 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
George Phillips Bevan
Keyword(s):  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Health It ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
The South ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Burning Coal ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
General Appearance

In my former paper I endeavoured to describe the general appearance and characteristics of the limestone, millstone grit, and Pennant rocks of this coal-field, and shall now proceed to give a brief outline of the coal measures themselves and their fossil contents. As I stated before, the character of the coal is materially different in different parts of the basin; for instance, if a line be drawn from Merthyr to the sea in a south-western direction, it will divide the basin into two unequal portions, the eastern one containing bituminous coal, and the western the anthracite. I do not mean to say that there is an exact line of demarcation between the two kinds of coal, but merely that such a boundary will seem to show pretty well where the two qualities pass into one another. Curiously enough, too, in the western or anthracite portion the seams are anthracitic in the northern bassets, while the southern outcrops of the same veins are bituminous. The anthracite is now in very great demand; but, formerly, people would have nothing to do with it, and there was even a law passed to prevent its being burned in London, on account of its supposed noxious qualities, and the idea that it was detrimental to health. It differs from the bituminous coal principally in containing more carbon, less bituminous matter, and less ashes; and, as a consequence, is a much cleaner-burning coal. We may, however, dismiss the anthracite, as this portion of the field is destitute of it.

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