Language History Questionnaire (LHQ3): An enhanced tool for assessing multilingual experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 938-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Anya Yu ◽  
Xiaowei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Language Immersion ◽  
Data Recording ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Language History ◽  
Important Improvement ◽  
Automatic Scoring

AbstractThe language history questionnaire (LHQ) is an important tool for assessing the linguistic background and language proficiency of multilinguals or second language learners. Previously we developed a generic LHQ based on the most commonly asked questions in published studies (Li, Sepanski & Zhao, 2006) and provided a web-based interface (LHQ 2.0) that has flexibility in functionality, accuracy in data recording, and privacy for users and data (Li, Zhang, Tsai & Puls, 2014). LHQ3 (version 3) introduces new functions, developed in response to many comments/requests from users. One important improvement is the addition of an automatic scoring system, in that the new interface automatically calculates aggregated scores for language proficiency, language dominance, and language immersion levels. Finally, LHQ3 allows researchers to assign different weights to the modules when calculating the aggregated scores, addressing the issue of different focuses that different researchers put on multilingual speakers’ language usage and background.

Language history questionnaire (LHQ 2.0): A new dynamic web-based research tool

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
PING LI ◽  
FAN ZHANG ◽  
ERLFANG TSAI ◽  
BRENDAN PULS
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Language History ◽  
Dynamic Web ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
Multiple Languages ◽  
Privacy Issues ◽  
The Web

The language history questionnaire (LHQ) is an important tool for assessing the linguistic background of bilinguals or second language learners and for generating self-reported proficiency in multiple languages. Previously we developed a generic LHQ based on the most commonly asked questions in published studies (Li, Sepanski & Zhao, 2006). Here we report a new web-based interface (LHQ 2.0) that has more flexibility in functionality, more accuracy in data recording, and more privacy for users and data. LHQ 2.0 achieves flexibility, accuracy, and privacy by using dynamic web-design features for enhanced data collection. It allows investigators to dynamically construct individualized LHQs on the fly and allows participants to complete the LHQ online in multiple languages. Investigators can download and delete the LHQ results and update their user and experiment information on the web. Privacy issues are handled through the online assignment of a unique ID number for each study and password-protected access to data.

scholarly journals Language Dominance Modulates the Perception of Spanish Approximants in Late Bilinguals

Languages ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Martha Black ◽  
Marc F. Joanisse ◽  
Yasaman Rafat
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
First Language ◽  
Language Dominance ◽  
Language History ◽  
Dominance Score ◽  
Perceptual Difficulty ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
L2 Perception

The ability to discriminate phonetically similar first language (L1) and second language (L2) sounds has significant consequences for achieving target-like proficiency in second-language learners. This study examines the L2 perception of Spanish approximants [β, δ, ɣ] in comparison with their voiced stop counterparts [b, d, g] by adult English-Spanish bilinguals. Of interest is how perceptual effects are modulated by factors related to language dominance, including proficiency, language history, attitudes, and L1/L2 use, as measured by the Bilingual Language Profile questionnaire. Perception of target phones was assessed in adult native Spanish speakers (n = 10) and Spanish learners (n = 23) of varying proficiency levels, via (vowel-consonant-vowel) VCV sequences featuring both Spanish approximants and voiced stops during an AX discrimination task. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between perceptual accuracy and a language dominance score. Findings further demonstrate a significant hierarchy of increasing perceptual difficulty: β < δ < ɣ. Through an examination of bilingual language dominance, composed of the combined effects of language history, use, proficiency, and attitudes, the present study contributes a more nuanced and complete examination of individual variables that affect L2 perception, reaching beyond proficiency and experience alone.

Mustafa op de Mavo

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
René Appel
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Linguistic Minority ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency ◽  
Dutch Language

In this article the results of an explorative study of the Dutch language proficiency of advanced second-language learners are presented. The proficiency in Dutch of a group of 17 students from non-indigeneous linguistic minority groups was compared with the Dutch proficiency of 17 native age-mates. In each group, 16 of the 17 students went to a 'MAV0', an intermediate level of secondary education. Their Dutch language skills were measured by analyzing spontaneous language samples and by administering some tests. In general, the second-language learners (the A-group) were shown to have a lower Dutch language proficiency than the native students (the N-group), and especially with respect to their scores on the tests. It was tentatively concluded that the students from the Α-group had a Dutch language deficiency in the area of Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency. Their Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills (the concepts CALP and BICS are borrowed from Cummins' theoretical framework) were more or less similar to the skills of native Dutch students. Students from linguistic minority groups might succeed in higher levels of secondary education if their CALP were brought to a higher level, since CALP correlates strongly with the kind of language proficiency demanded in school.

Creating an Online Assessment Test for Heritage Learners of Russian

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Titus
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Heritage Learners ◽  
Linguistic Performance ◽  
Testing Tools ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Grammar Tests ◽  
Traditional Grammar

This paper examines the differences between second-language learners and heritage learners of Russian in terms of their linguistic performance, a finding supported by current research (Andrews, 2001; Kagan & Dillon, 2001/2003), examines the implications of these differences for the creation of testing tools, and offers a sample of a test designed for the author’s Russian for Heritage Learners course. Also discussed are the drawbacks of applying traditional grammar tests created for second-language classes to heritage-language-classroom settings and the inability of these types of tests to reflect the unique language strengths of heritage learners. The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Language proficiency guidelines are suggested as a starting point in creating an assessment test for heritage learners.

Cognitive, linguistic, and contextual factors in Norwegian second language learner's narrative production

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1117-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANNICKE KARLSEN ◽  
ESTHER GEVA ◽  
SOLVEIG-ALMA LYSTER
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Narrative Production ◽  
Books In The Home

ABSTRACTThe present study investigated the contribution of cognitive, linguistic, and contextual factors to the narrative production of Norwegian second language learners. We assessed cognitive ability and first and second language proficiency in 66 kindergarten children with Urdu/Punjabi as their first language. Number of children's books in the home and time spent in kindergarten were treated as contextual factors. Oral narration was assessed in Grade 1. A series of fixed-order hierarchical regression analyses displayed a complex relationship among cognitive, linguistic, and contextual factors and various facets of narrative production of young second language learners; nonverbal ability and books in the home predicted the mastering of story (macro)structure, while linguistic (vocabulary and grammar) and both contextual variables predicted microaspects of narrative proficiency. The results suggest that combining home book reading practices, kindergarten attendance, and second language interventions might improve language minority children's narrative production and chances of school success.

scholarly journals Different Approaches to the Concept of Collocation in English: Why Learn Collocations?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Danilevičienė ◽  
Roma Vaznonienė
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
English For Academic Purposes ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Insurmountable Obstacle

Research background. A collocation is a combination of two or more words that are commonly used together in English. Collocation is an indispensable element of any English text and no piece of natural spoken or written language is totally free of collocation. There exist different approaches to the concept of collocations in English. However, there is no exhaustive and uniform definition or categorization of it. Second language learners do not have many guidelines to follow considering the admissibility of collocation, thus collocations seem to be an insurmountable obstacle to the attainment of native like fluency and is one of error generating areas in general English and especially in EAP (English for Academic Purposes) and ESP (English for Special Purposes).Research aims were to analyze and systemize different theoretical approaches to the concept of collocation in English with reference to the data of scientific research as well as give the answer why collocations should be learned and taught at all levels of language proficiency and within different registers.Research method used – theoretical analysis of classical and modern research articles on collocation in English.Research  results.  Various  linguistic  schools  have  had  different  approaches  to  the  study  of  collocations. Acquisition  of  collocations  can  be  the  source  of  particular  difficulties  for  L2  leaners  in  attaining  native-level competence. Collocations should be taught from the very beginning at all levels of language proficiency .Discussion and conclusions. As a result of analysis and systemization of scientific data the following conclusions have been made:1. Collocation is a lexical co-occurrence of lexemes. In order a lexical combination could be called a collocation it should satisfy the criterion of frequency and grammatical structure;2. Lexis and grammar cannot be separated;3. Lexis is inseparable from semantics. 4.  Knowledge  of  collocations  can  help  develop  language  proficiency  in  such  areas  as  English  for  Specific Purposes (ESP) and English for Academic Purposes (EAP). Students’ motivation to learn collocations and make good use of them in their essays, research works and academic language should be increased.Keywords: collocational, co-occurrence, language acquisition, register.

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