scholarly journals Fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to risk factors for cancer: a report from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wallström ◽  
Elisabet Wirfält ◽  
Lars Janzon ◽  
Irene Mattisson ◽  
Sölve Elmståhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Diet And Cancer ◽  
Low Consumption

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the associations between the consumption of fruit and vegetables and other markers of cancer risk.DesignA cross-sectional survey within the population-based prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) Study. Information on food habits was collected through the modified diet history method designed and validated for the MDC Study. Data on smoking and alcohol habits, leisure time physical activity, birth country, education, socioeconomic status and cohabitation status were collected through a questionnaire.SettingMalmö, the third largest city in Sweden.SubjectsAll subjects who entered the MDC Study during winter 1991 to summer 1994 (men and women living in Malmö, aged between 46 and 68 years), with a total of 15 173.ResultsWomen consumed more fruit and vegetables than men. Low consumption of both fruits and vegetables was associated with unfavourable nutrient profiles: higher percentage of energy from fat and lower intakes of antioxidant nutrients and dietary fibre. Low consumption was also associated with smoking, low leisure time physical activity, low education and being born in Sweden. High age was associated with low vegetable consumption in both genders. Alcohol intake was positively associated with vegetable consumption in both genders, while both zero and high alcohol consumers had low fruit consumption. Men residing without a partner consumed less fruits and vegetables than other men. There were very weak or no independent associations between socioeconomic status and fruit/vegetable consumption.ConclusionThis study indicates that several established risk markers and risk factors of cancer may be independently associated with low fruit and vegetable consumption. The findings suggest that the adverse effects of factors such as smoking, low physical activity and a high-fat diet could partly be explained by low consumption of fruit or vegetables. The implied health benefits of a low or moderate alcohol consumption may be similarly confounded by high consumption of fruit or vegetables.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk factors in students at a public college institution in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Thiago Ferreira de Sousa ◽  
Mariana da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Sueyla Ferreira da Silva dos Santos ◽  
Silvio Aparecido Fonseca ◽  
Aline Rodrigues Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Assessment Of Stress

Objective: To compare the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in university students from a Brazilian public higher education institution between three surveys. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted with 1,084, 1,085, and 1,041 university students in 2010, 2012, and 2014, respectively, from an institution located in Bahia, Brazil. Outcomes were cardiovascular risk factors: overweight, leisure-time physical activity for < 150 min per week, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, consumption of meat and chicken with fat, fried snacks, soft drinks or artificial juices, smoking, drinking alcohol abuse, and negative self-assessment of stress in life. The independent variable was the year of the survey.The measure of association was the Prevalence Ratio (PR). The significance level was 5%. Results: In all surveys, there was a higher prevalence of college students with insufficient leisure-time physical activity, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, consumption of fatty and savory meat, and negative self-assessment of stress. Overweight and consumption of chicken with fat increased over the years of the survey. Prevalence decreased in the last survey among college students concerning the consumption of fruits, vegetables, snacks, and artificial soft drinks or juices (PR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.52–0.84). Conclusions: There was an increase in overweight; however, there were also positive modifications in eating habits among college students.

scholarly journals Associations of Leisure-Time Physical Activity Trajectories with Fruit and Vegetable Consumption from Childhood to Adulthood: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4437
Author(s):  
Irinja Lounassalo ◽  
Mirja Hirvensalo ◽  
Anna Kankaanpää ◽  
Asko Tolvanen ◽  
Sanna Palomäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Young Finns Study

A physically active lifestyle and a diet rich in vegetables and fruits have a central role in promoting health. This study examined the associations between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) trajectories and fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) from childhood to middle age. The data were drawn from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study with six age cohorts. Participants were 9 to 18 years (n = 3536; 51% females) at baseline in 1980 and 33 to 48 years at the last follow-up in 2011. LTPA and FVC were self-reported. LTPA trajectories were identified using latent profile analyses, after which the mean differences in FVC across the trajectories were studied. Active, low-active, decreasingly and increasingly active trajectories were identified for both genders. An additional trajectory describing inactivity was identified for females. Those who were persistently active or increased their LTPA had higher FVC at many ages when compared to their inactive or low-active counterparts (p < 0.05). In females prior to age 42 and in males prior to age 24, FVC was higher at many ages in those with decreasing activity than in their inactive or low-active counterparts (p < 0.05). The development of LTPA and FVC from childhood to middle age seem to occur in tandem.

Greater daily leisure time physical activity is associated with lower chronic disease risk in adults with spinal cord injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea C. Buchholz ◽  
Kathleen A. Martin Ginis ◽  
Steven R. Bray ◽  
B. Catharine Craven ◽  
Audrey L. Hicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cord Injury

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and common risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes in community-dwelling adults with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). LTPA was measured using the Physical Activity Recall Assessment for People with SCI in 76 men and women with chronic (≥1 year) paraplegia or tetraplegia, living in or near Hamilton, Ontario. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body composition (fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM)), blood pressure, and biochemical data were collected. Thirty-seven percent (n = 28 participants) were inactive, reporting no LTPA whatsoever, and were compared with an equal-sized group consisting of the most active study participants (≥25 min of LTPA per day). After adjusting for significant covariates, BMI (18.7%), %FM (19.4%), and C-reactive protein (143%) were all lower, and %FFM was higher (7.2%), in active participants (all p ≤ 0.05). Ten percent of active participants vs. 33% of inactive participants were insulin resistant (p = 0.03). Waist circumference (17.6%) and systolic blood pressure (15.3%) were lower in active vs. inactive participants with paraplegia (both p ≤ 0.05), but not tetraplegia. In conclusion, greater daily LTPA is associated with lower levels of selected CVD and type 2 diabetes risk factors in individuals living with SCI. Whether this relationship translates into a lower incidence of these chronic diseases has yet to be determined.

scholarly journals P69 Occupational and leisure activities as a risk factor for hip and knee revision surgery

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Zaballa Lasala ◽  
Clare Harris ◽  
Karen Walker-Bone
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Revision Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Revision ◽  
Quality Evidence

Abstract Background Lower limb arthroplasty is a highly successful orthopaedic procedure, but the prosthesis may fail over time, necessitating revision surgery. Recognised risk factors for revision include obesity and metal on metal devices, but it is less clear whether heavy physical activity, at work or during leisure time, can impact the survival of the replaced joint. We undertook a systematic review to explore this question. Methods Original studies published 1985-2017 reporting risk factors for hip or knee revision arthroplasty (excluding revision for infection) in people aged over 18 years and with ≥1 year follow-up post-arthroplasty were identified from Medline, Embase, and Scopus. The search yielded 10,361 results, amongst which 12 addressed the research question. Results Out of the 12 studies, 9 were concerned with failure of primary hip arthroplasty and only 3 with failure of primary knee arthroplasty. We found extraordinary variation in the methods used to quantify exposure to both occupational and leisure-time physical activity. As a result, the data were poorly comparable, and some studies reported that post-operative physical exposures were beneficial for joint survival whilst others reported that they were deleterious. Many studies only assessed the relevant exposures before the operation, which may limit the relevance to post-arthroplasty physical activities. Overall, we found some (variable quality) evidence suggesting that agriculture/farming and industry/engineering/construction work and, in women, health services work may increase the risk of revision. Likewise, there was conflicting and moderate quality evidence that exposure to high-intensity leisure-time activities may increase the risk of failure. Conclusion As increasing numbers of arthroplasties are performed at younger ages, and people are encouraged to work to older ages, more evidence is urgently needed about returning to some types of work and any future risk of joint failure. This is particularly important for advising people doing manual and emergency services/military type work. Leisure-time physical activity is good for health and high-quality evidence is needed here to inform if specific types of sport should be avoided, particularly for knee patients. Disclosures E. Zaballa Lasala None. C. Harris None. K. Walker-Bone None.

scholarly journals Different domains of self-reported physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes in a population-based Swedish cohort: the Malmö diet and Cancer study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal M. Mutie ◽  
Isabel Drake ◽  
Ulrika Ericson ◽  
Stanley Teleka ◽  
Christina-Alexandra Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Cancer Study ◽  
Diet And Cancer

Abstract Background While a dose-response relationship between physical activity and risk of diabetes has been demonstrated, few studies have assessed the relative importance of different measures of physical activity on diabetes risk. The aim was to examine the association between different self-reported measures of physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study. Methods Out of 26,615 adults (45–74 years, 60% women) in the population-based Swedish Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cohort, 3791 type 2 diabetes cases were identified from registers during 17 years of follow-up. Leisure-time (17 activities), occupational and domestic physical activity were assessed through a questionnaire, and these and total physical activity were investigated in relation to type 2 diabetes risk. Results All physical activity measures showed weak to modest associations with type 2 diabetes risk. The strongest association was found in the lower end of leisure-time physical activity in dose-response analysis at levels approximately below 22 MET-hrs/week (300 min/week) representing around 40% of the population. Compared with the lowest quintile, the moderate leisure-time physical activity category had a 28% (95% CI: 0.71, 0.87) decreased risk of type 2 diabetes. Total physical activity showed a similar, but weaker, association with diabetes risk as to that of leisure-time physical activity. Domestic physical activity was positively and linearly related to diabetes risk, HR = 1.11 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.25) comparing highest to lowest quintile. There was no association between occupational physical activity and diabetes risk. Conclusion A curvilinear association was observed between leisure-time physical activity and risk of diabetes. Beyond a threshold level of approximately 22 MET-hrs/week or 300 min/week, no additional risk reduction was observed with increase in physical activity.

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