scholarly journals Dietary intake and development of a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire for a lifestyle intervention to reduce the risk of chronic diseases in Canadian First Nations in north-western Ontario

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 831-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangita Sharma ◽  
Xia Cao ◽  
Joel Gittelsohn ◽  
Lara S Ho ◽  
Elizabeth Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
North Western

AbstractObjectivesTo characterise the diet of First Nations in north-western Ontario, highlight foods for a lifestyle intervention and develop a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (QFFQ).DesignCross-sectional survey using single 24 h dietary recalls.SettingEight remote and semi-remote First Nations reserves in north-western Ontario.Subjects129 First Nations (Oji-Cree and Ojibway) men and women aged between 18 and 80 years.ResultsThe greatest contributors to energy were breads, pasta dishes and chips (contributing over 20 % to total energy intake). ‘Added fats’ such as butter and margarine added to breads and vegetables made up the single largest source of total fat intake (8·4 %). The largest contributors to sugar were sugar itself, soda and other sweetened beverages (contributing over 45 % combined). The mean number of servings consumed of fruits, vegetables and dairy products were much lower than recommended. The mean daily meat intake was more than twice that recommended. A 119-item QFFQ was developed including seven bread items, five soups or stews, 24 meat- or fish-based dishes, eight rice or pasta dishes, nine fruits and 14 vegetables. Frequency of consumption was assessed by eight categories ranging from ‘Never or less than one time in one month’ to ‘two or more times a day’.ConclusionWe were able to highlight foods for intervention to improve dietary intake based on the major sources of energy, fat and sugar and the low consumption of fruit and vegetable items. The QFFQ is being used to evaluate a diet and lifestyle intervention in First Nations in north-western Ontario.

scholarly journals Reformulation and Priorities for Reducing Energy Density; Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey on Fat Content in Pre-Packed Cakes and Biscuits Sold in British Supermarkets

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Alessandrini ◽  
Feng J. He ◽  
Kawther M. Hashem ◽  
Monique Tan ◽  
Graham A. MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fat

Cakes and biscuits contribute to energy, total and saturated fat and sugar in British diets. So far, the UK government has prompted manufacturers to reduce energy density in these products through a reduction of their sugar content. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the fat content of cakes and biscuits available in nine UK supermarket chains. In cakes (n = 381), the mean total fat content was 17.9 ± 5.2 g/100 g (39% of the overall energy); range (1.4–35.6 g/100 g) and the average saturated fat content in cakes was 5.9 ± 3.4 g/100 g (13% of the overall energy); range (0.3–20 g/100 g). In biscuits (n = 481), the mean total fat content was 21.8 g ± 6.3 g/100 g (40% of the overall energy); range (0.7–38.9 g/100 g) and the average saturated fat content was 11.4 ± 4.9 g/100 g (23% of the overall energy); range (0.3–22.3 g/100 g). In both cakes and biscuits, total and saturated fat content was positively correlated with energy density. Our results show that cakes and biscuits sold in UK supermarkets are high in total and saturated fat, and that fat content contributes substantially to product energy density. Fat reformulation in these products would effectively reduce energy density, calorie intake and help prevent obesity. Fat reformulation should be implemented simultaneously with sugar reformulation and be focused on saturated fat, as this will have the additional effect of lowering LDL cholesterol.

scholarly journals Menstrual Pattern and Hygiene among Female Prisoners in Kano, North-western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
A Rabiu ◽  
FM Sani ◽  
SM Daneji
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Menstrual Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Western

Menstrual hygiene management services among female inmates should be in a professional manner equivalent to what is provided in the country. Female prisoners' menstrual patterns could differ from normal due to stress and uncertainty about the future. This cross-sectional survey was aimed to assess the menstrual bleeding pattern of the female prisoners and their menstrual hygiene. It was conducted among three selected Prisons in Kano. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Committee of Kano State Ministry of Health. Information such as socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual hygiene and pattern were recorded on a questionnaire. All consenting female prisoners were recruited for the survey. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0.A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Their mean age (±SD) was 30.1±3.42 years. The mean menstrual cycle was 28.9 ±4.42 days. The average duration of menstrual flow was 3 ± 1. Thirty-two (33.0%) of the female prison inmates experienced pains during menstruation (dysmenorrhea) while 43 (44.3%) had no dysmenorrhea. Majority of the inmates 83(85.6%) took bath once during menstrual period. More than 4/5th (81.4%) changed their absorbent twice a day during the period. Majority of the female inmates used toilet (80%) as the method of absorbent disposal. In conclusion; the survey showed that female prisoners relatively showed regular and normal menstrual patterns. Menstrual hygiene was relatively poor.

scholarly journals Menstrual Pattern and Hygiene among Female Prisoners in Kano, North-western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
A Rabiu ◽  
FM Sani ◽  
SM Daneji
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Menstrual Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Western

Menstrual hygiene management services among female inmates should be in a professional manner equivalent to what is provided in the country. Female prisoners' menstrual patterns could differ from normal due to stress and uncertainty about the future. This cross-sectional survey was aimed to assess the menstrual bleeding pattern of the female prisoners and their menstrual hygiene. It was conducted among three selected Prisons in Kano. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Committee of Kano State Ministry of Health. Information such as socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual hygiene and pattern were recorded on a questionnaire. All consenting female prisoners were recruited for the survey. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0.A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Their mean age (±SD) was 30.1±3.42 years. The mean menstrual cycle was 28.9 ±4.42 days. The average duration of menstrual flow was 3 ± 1. Thirty-two (33.0%) of the female prison inmates experienced pains during menstruation (dysmenorrhea) while 43 (44.3%) had no dysmenorrhea. Majority of the inmates 83(85.6%) took bath once during menstrual period. More than 4/5th (81.4%) changed their absorbent twice a day during the period. Majority of the female inmates used toilet (80%) as the method of absorbent disposal. In conclusion; the survey showed that female prisoners relatively showed regular and normal menstrual patterns. Menstrual hygiene was relatively poor.

scholarly journals Menstrual Pattern and Hygiene among Female Prisoners in Kano, North-western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
A Rabiu ◽  
FM Sani ◽  
SM Daneji
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Menstrual Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Western

Menstrual hygiene management services among female inmates should be in a professional manner equivalent to what is provided in the country. Female prisoners' menstrual patterns could differ from normal due to stress and uncertainty about the future. This cross-sectional survey was aimed to assess the menstrual bleeding pattern of the female prisoners and their menstrual hygiene. It was conducted among three selected Prisons in Kano. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Committee of Kano State Ministry of Health. Information such as socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual hygiene and pattern were recorded on a questionnaire. All consenting female prisoners were recruited for the survey. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0.A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Their mean age (±SD) was 30.1±3.42 years. The mean menstrual cycle was 28.9 ±4.42 days. The average duration of menstrual flow was 3 ± 1. Thirty-two (33.0%) of the female prison inmates experienced pains during menstruation (dysmenorrhea) while 43 (44.3%) had no dysmenorrhea. Majority of the inmates 83(85.6%) took bath once during menstrual period. More than 4/5th (81.4%) changed their absorbent twice a day during the period. Majority of the female inmates used toilet (80%) as the method of absorbent disposal. In conclusion; the survey showed that female prisoners relatively showed regular and normal menstrual patterns. Menstrual hygiene was relatively poor.

scholarly journals Reformulation and priorities for reducing energy density; a survey on fat content in cakes and biscuits sold in British supermarkets

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Alessandrini ◽  
Fengjun He ◽  
Kawther M. Hashem ◽  
Monique Tan ◽  
Graham A MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractCakes and biscuits are widely consumed foods and are important contributors of energy, total and saturated fat and sugar in British diets. So far, the UK government has prompted the food industry to reduce energy density in cakes and biscuits mainly through sugar reformulation. However, a government led evaluation has shown that reducing only sugar has lowered energy density minimally. To assess whether total and saturated fat reformulation could be an additional and more effective mechanism for reducing product energy density we conducted a cross-sectional survey of pre-packed cakes and biscuits available in nine UK supermarkets. We collected nutrition information from product packaging. In cakes (n = 381), the mean total fat content was 17.9 ± 5.2g/100 g (39% of the overall energy); range (1.4–35.6g/100g). The average saturated fat content in cakes was 5.9 ± 3.4g/100 g (13% of the overall energy); range (0.3–20g/100g). The average sugar content in cakes was 36.6 ± 7.6 (34% of the overall energy); range (11.3–62.0g/100g). In biscuits (n = 481) the mean total fat content was 21.8g ± 6.3g/100 g (40% of the overall energy); range (0.7–38.9g/100g) and the average saturated fat content was 11.4 ± 4.9 g/100 g (23% of the overall energy); range (0.3–22.3g/100g). The average sugar content in biscuits was 30.0 ± 9.2 (23% of the overall energy); range (12.0–74.0g/100g). In both cakes and biscuits total and saturated fat, but not sugar content, was positively correlated with energy density. According to the nutrient profiling system used by the government, 57% of cakes and 75% of biscuits would receive a red (high) label for total fats; 54% of cakes and 88% of biscuits and would receive a red label for saturated fat.Our results show that cakes and biscuits sold in UK supermarkets are high in total and saturated fat, and that fat content contributes substantially to product energy density. We observed a large variation in total and saturated fat content within each product category. This finding indicates that reformulation to reduce total and saturated fat and energy density is possible as some manufacturers are already producing cake and biscuits with a more healthful nutrient composition and lower energy density. Fat reformulation in cakes and biscuits and similar products would effectively reduce energy density and calorie intake and thereby prevent obesity. We recommend that fat reformulation should be implemented simultaneously with sugar reformulation and to be focussed where possible on saturated fat, as this will have the additional and independent beneficial effect of lowering LDL cholesterol.

scholarly journals Energy and macronutrient intakes in Brazil: results of the first nationwide individual dietary survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 3086-3095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita AG Souza ◽  
Edna M Yokoo ◽  
Rosely Sichieri ◽  
Rosangela A Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Monounsaturated Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize energy and macronutrient intakes in Brazil and to describe the top food items contributing to energy and macronutrient intakes.DesignTwo non-consecutive 24 h dietary records were collected and energy and macronutrient data were adjusted for usual intake distribution. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA with the Bonferroni post hoc test were analysed using SAS version 9·1. Means and standard deviations were estimated for sex, age and income strata.SettingNationwide cross-sectional survey, 2008–2009.SubjectsNationally representative sample of individuals ≥10 years old (n32 749), excluding pregnant and lactating women (n 1254).ResultsThe average energy intake was 7958 kJ/d (1902 kcal/d) and mean energy density was 6·82 kJ/g (1·63 kcal/g). Added sugar represented 13 % of total energy intake and animal protein represented 10 %. The mean contribution of total fat to energy intake was 27 %, while the mean saturated fat contribution was 9 %. Compared with the lowest quartile of income, individuals in the highest income quartile had greater mean intakes of energy, added sugar, alcohol, animal protein, total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat and trans fat. Rice, beans, beef, bread and coffee were among the top five foods contributing most to the intakes of energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat and fibre.ConclusionsIn general, Brazilians’ dietary intake is compatible with a high risk of obesity and non-communicable chronic diseases, being characterized by high intakes of added sugar and saturated fat. Income may be a major determinant of diet nutritional characteristics.

scholarly journals Menstrual Pattern and Hygiene among Female Prisoners in Kano, North-western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
A Rabiu ◽  
FM Sani ◽  
SM Daneji
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Menstrual Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Western

Menstrual hygiene management services among female inmates should be in a professional manner equivalent to what is provided in the country. Female prisoners' menstrual patterns could differ from normal due to stress and uncertainty about the future. This cross-sectional survey was aimed to assess the menstrual bleeding pattern of the female prisoners and their menstrual hygiene. It was conducted among three selected Prisons in Kano. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Committee of Kano State Ministry of Health. Information such as socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual hygiene and pattern were recorded on a questionnaire. All consenting female prisoners were recruited for the survey. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0.A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Their mean age (±SD) was 30.1±3.42 years. The mean menstrual cycle was 28.9 ±4.42 days. The average duration of menstrual flow was 3 ± 1. Thirty-two (33.0%) of the female prison inmates experienced pains during menstruation (dysmenorrhea) while 43 (44.3%) had no dysmenorrhea. Majority of the inmates 83(85.6%) took bath once during menstrual period. More than 4/5th (81.4%) changed their absorbent twice a day during the period. Majority of the female inmates used toilet (80%) as the method of absorbent disposal. In conclusion; the survey showed that female prisoners relatively showed regular and normal menstrual patterns. Menstrual hygiene was relatively poor.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Konsumsi Lemak Berdasarkan Tingkat Keparahan Akne Vulgaris pada Siswa SMK Negeri 1 Kota Jambi

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisa Sulistia ◽  
Nur Indrawati Lipoeto ◽  
Sri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Fat Consumption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Akne Vulgaris

Abstrak Salah satu faktor pencetus akne vulgaris adalah diet tinggi lemak, terutama lemak jenuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan konsumsi lemak berdasarkan tingkat keparahan akne vulgaris menurut kriteria Lehmann. Penelitian ini berupa studi analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional melalui pemeriksaan statusdermatologikus menurut kriteria Lehmann dan pengambilan data konsumsi menggunakan FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) pada 138 siswa kelas X dan XI SMK Negeri 1 Kota Jambi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat akne vulgaris derajat ringan (49%), akne vulgaris derajat sedang (42%), dan akne vulgaris derajat berat (9%). Reratakonsumsi lemak total 89,35 ± 17,63 gram. Rerata konsumsi SFA (Saturated Fatty Acid) 37,07 ± 9,97 gram. Rerata konsumsi MUFA (Monounsaturated Fatty Acid) 15,30 ± 11,79 gram. Rerata konsumsi PUFA (Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid) 12,03 ± 9,25 gram.Uji oneway Anova menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna rerata konsumsi lemak total (p > 0,05) dan SFA (p > 0,05) berdasarkan tingkat keparahan akne vulgaris. Uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna MUFA (p > 0,05), dan PUFA (p > 0,05) berdasarkan tingkat keparahan akne vulgaris. Penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan konsumsi lemak berdasarkan tingkat keparahan akne vulgaris pada siswa SMKNegeri 1 Kota Jambi.Kata kunci: akne vulgaris, FFQ, lemak total, SFA, MUFA, PUFA Abstract One of the precipited factors is high fat diet, especially saturated fats. The objective of this study was to determine the comparison of fat consumption which is based on the severity of acne vulgaris.This research wasanalytic observational study using cross sectional design, by examining dermatologic status according to Lehmann criteria and  taking consumption record with FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) of  138 tenth and eleventh grade student in SMKN 1 Jambi. The result showed that mild acne vulgaris (49%), moderate acne vulgaris (42%), and severe acne vulgaris (9%). The average of total fat consumption was 89.35 ± 17.63 gram. The average of SFA (Saturated Fatty Acid) consumption was 37.07 ± 9.97 gram. The average of MUFA (Monounsaturated Fatty Acid) was 15.30 ± 11.79 gram. The average of PUFA (Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid) is 12.03 ± 9.25 gram. Oneway Anova test showed no significant difference of average total fat consumption (p > 0,05) and, average SFA consumption (p > 0,05) which was based on the severity of acne vulgaris. Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference of average MUFA consumption (p>0,05), and average PUFA consumption (p>0,05) which is based on the severity of acne vulgaris. This research shows no significant difference of fat consumption which is based on the severity of acne vulgaris in studentsof SMKN 1 Jambi.Keywords: acne vulgaris, FFQ, total fat, SFA, MUFA, PUFA

scholarly journals Menstrual Pattern and Hygiene among Female Prisoners in Kano, North-western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
A Rabiu ◽  
FM Sani ◽  
SM Daneji
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Menstrual Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Western

Menstrual hygiene management services among female inmates should be in a professional manner equivalent to what is provided in the country. Female prisoners' menstrual patterns could differ from normal due to stress and uncertainty about the future. This cross-sectional survey was aimed to assess the menstrual bleeding pattern of the female prisoners and their menstrual hygiene. It was conducted among three selected Prisons in Kano. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Committee of Kano State Ministry of Health. Information such as socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual hygiene and pattern were recorded on a questionnaire. All consenting female prisoners were recruited for the survey. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0.A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Their mean age (±SD) was 30.1±3.42 years. The mean menstrual cycle was 28.9 ±4.42 days. The average duration of menstrual flow was 3 ± 1. Thirty-two (33.0%) of the female prison inmates experienced pains during menstruation (dysmenorrhea) while 43 (44.3%) had no dysmenorrhea. Majority of the inmates 83(85.6%) took bath once during menstrual period. More than 4/5th (81.4%) changed their absorbent twice a day during the period. Majority of the female inmates used toilet (80%) as the method of absorbent disposal. In conclusion; the survey showed that female prisoners relatively showed regular and normal menstrual patterns. Menstrual hygiene was relatively poor.

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