Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics in relation to dietary patterns among young Brazilian adults

AbstractObjectiveTo identify dietary patterns among young adults and the relationships with socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle characteristics.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study. Food intake was assessed by a frequency questionnaire, and dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis.SettingSouthern Brazil.SubjectsA total of 4202 men and women aged 23 years, who participated in the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study.ResultsFive dietary patterns were identified: common Brazilian, processed food, vegetable/fruit, dairy/dessert and tubers/pasta. Subjects who had low own or maternal educational levels, low social position or who were always poor throughout life had high adherence to the common Brazilian dietary pattern. In contrast, the processed food pattern was more likely to be followed by those belonging to middle and high social position and who were never poor. Men and smokers showed high adherence to the processed food and common Brazilian dietary patterns. Vegetable/fruit pattern was more likely to be followed by women and subjects engaged in physical activity. Women also showed high adherence to the dairy/dessert pattern.ConclusionsOur study among young Brazilian adults has identified distinct dietary patterns that are clearly influenced by socio-economic and lifestyle characteristics, which have important policy implications in a country with marked social and economic inequalities.

Download Full-text

Dietary patterns of farmers and their relation with sociodemographic, labor, and lifestyle conditions: Brazilian rural population-based study

10.21203/rs.2.18584/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Monica Cattafesta ◽

Glenda Blaser Petarli ◽

Tamires Conceição da Luz ◽

Eliana Zandonade ◽

Olívia Maria de Paula Alves Bezerra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Rural Population ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Principal Component ◽

Population Based ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Pattern ◽

Processed Products

Abstract Background : The eating habits have changed in the last few decades, but few studies prioritize the food consumption of farmers and the rural population. Therefore, the objective of this study was to define the dietary patterns of farmers in a Brazilian municipality and evaluate their association with sociodemographic, occupational and lifestyle factors. Methods : This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study of 740 farmers (51.5%, n=381 males) from a municipality in Southeastern Brazil. Food intake data were obtained by applying three 24-hour recalls and dietary intake was presented in dietary patterns determined by Principal Component Analysis with varimax orthogonal rotation. Results : Three dietary patterns were identified. The first pattern, “local traditional”, was associated with sociodemographic and labor variables, being considered typical of the region's farmer. The permanence of a “traditional Brazilian” pattern and the occurrence of an “industrialized” pattern were also observed. Individuals aged 50 and over years were 82% less likely (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.10–0.30) to adhere to “industrialized” pattern than those aged 30 and under. Still, individuals of socioeconomic class D or E were 52% less likely to adhere to this pattern (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24–0.96). Farmers who spent R$ 200 or more per capita to buy food were more than twice as likely to adhere to this food pattern (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.32–3.73), and who had the habit of frequently eating out were 1.62 as likely adhere to “industrialized” pattern (95% CI 1.11–2.36). Conclusions : The findings indicate changes in dietary patterns in rural areas of the country, maintaining a traditional Brazilian pattern, as well as a local and an industrialized pattern. This last pattern demonstrates that the contemporary rural population also opts for a diet with ultra-processed products, being associated with the characteristic habits of a more urbanized rural region.

Download Full-text

Dietary patterns and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults: a population-based cross-sectional study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018001088 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (13) ◽

pp. 2409-2416 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zhi-Yong Wei ◽

Jun-Jie Liu ◽

Xue-Mei Zhan ◽

Hao-Miao Feng ◽

Yuan-Yuan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

High Energy ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Animal Food ◽

Food Pattern ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Reduced Risk

AbstractObjectiveData on dietary patterns in relation to the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a middle-aged Chinese population are sparse. The present study was performed to determine the major dietary patterns among a population aged 45–59 years and to evaluate their associations with MetS risk in China.DesignCross-sectional examination of the association between dietary patterns and MetS. Face-to-face interviews were used to assess dietary intake using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. OR and 95 % CI for MetS were calculated across quartiles of dietary pattern scores using multivariate logistic regression analysis models.SettingCity of Linyi, Shandong Province, China.SubjectsAdults (n 1918) aged 45–59 years.ResultsThree major dietary patterns were identified: traditional Chinese, animal food and high-energy. After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals in the highest quartile of the traditional Chinese pattern had a reduced risk of MetS relative to the lowest quartile (OR=0·72, 95 % CI 0·596, 0·952; P<0·05). Compared with those in the lowest quartile, individuals in the highest quartile of the animal food pattern had a greater risk of MetS (OR=1·28; 95 % CI 1·103, 1·697; P<0·05). No significant association was observed between the high-energy pattern and risk of MetS.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the traditional Chinese pattern was associated with a reduced risk, while the animal food pattern was associated with increased risk of MetS. Given the cross-sectional nature of our study, further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

Download Full-text

Organic food consumption during pregnancy is associated with different consumer profiles, food patterns and intake: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980017000842 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

pp. 2134-2144 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ana Paula Simões-Wüst ◽

Carolina Moltó-Puigmartí ◽

Martien CJM van Dongen ◽

Pieter C Dagnelie ◽

Carel Thijs

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Reference Group ◽

Organic Food ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Animal Products ◽

Cereal Products ◽

Food Patterns

AbstractObjectiveTo find out how the consumption of organic food during pregnancy is associated with consumer characteristics, dietary patterns and macro- and micronutrient intakes.DesignCross-sectional description of consumer characteristics, dietary patterns and macro- and micronutrient intakes associated with consumption of organic food during pregnancy.SettingHealthy, pregnant women recruited to a prospective cohort study at midwives’ practices in the southern part of the Netherlands; to enrich the study with participants adhering to alternative lifestyles, pregnant women were recruited through various specific channels.SubjectsParticipants who filled in questionnaires on food frequency in gestational week 34 (n 2786). Participant groups were defined based on the share of organic products within various food types.ResultsConsumers of organic food more often adhere to specific lifestyle rules, such as vegetarianism or anthroposophy, than do participants who consume conventional food only (reference group). Consumption of organic food is associated with food patterns comprising more products of vegetable origin (soya/vegetarian products, vegetables, cereal products, bread, fruits, and legumes) and fewer animal products (milk and meat), sugar and potatoes than consumed in conventional diets. These differences translate into distinct intakes of macro- and micronutrients, including higher retinol, carotene, tocopherol and folate intakes, lower intakes of vitamin D and B12 and specific types of trans-fatty acids in the organic groups. These differences are seen even in groups with low consumption of organic food.ConclusionsVarious consumer characteristics, specific dietary patterns and types of food intake are associated with the consumption of organic food during pregnancy.

Download Full-text

The Association of Periodontitis and Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in a Prospective Population-Based Cross-Sectional Cohort Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10102048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 2048

Author(s):

Nicole Jacobi ◽

Carolin Walther ◽

Katrin Borof ◽

Guido Heydecke ◽

Udo Seedorf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease ◽

Ankle Brachial Index ◽

Population Based ◽

Arterial Occlusive Disease ◽

Occlusive Disease ◽

Health Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Severe Periodontitis ◽

Peripheral Arterial

Objectives: Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) and periodontitis are common chronic diseases, which together affect almost 1 billion people worldwide. There is growing evidence suggesting a relationship between chronic inflammatory conditions such as periodontitis and PAOD. This study aims to determine an association between both entities using high quality research data and multiple phenotypes derived from an epidemiological cohort study. Design: This population-based cross-sectional cohort study included data from 3271 participants aged between 45 and 74 years enrolled in the Hamburg City Health Study (NCT03934957). Material & Methods: An ankle-brachial-index below 0.9, color-coded ultrasound of the lower extremity arteries, and survey data was used to identify participants with either asymptomatic or symptomatic PAOD. Periodontitis data was collected at six sites per tooth and included the probing depth, gingival recession, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing index. Multivariate analyses using logistic regression models were adjusted for variables including age, sex, smoking, education, diabetes, and hypertension. Results: The baseline characteristics differed widely between participants neither affected by periodontitis nor PAOD vs. the group where both PAOD and severe periodontitis were identified. A higher rate of males, higher age, lower education level, smoking, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease was observed in the group affected by both diseases. After adjusting, presence of severe periodontitis (odds ratio 1.265; 97.5% CI 1.006–1.591; p = 0.045) was independently associated with PAOD. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study, an independent association between periodontitis and PAOD was revealed. The results of the current study emphasize a potential for preventive medicine in an extremely sensitive target population. Future studies should determine the underlying factors modifying the relationship between both diseases.

Download Full-text