scholarly journals The role of perceived barriers in explaining socio-economic status differences in adherence to the fruit, vegetable and fish guidelines in older adults: a mediation study

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Coosje Dijkstra ◽  
Judith E Neter ◽  
Maartje M van Stralen ◽  
Dirk L Knol ◽  
Ingeborg A Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
High Price ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Socio Economic Status

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to identify barriers for meeting the fruit, vegetable and fish guidelines in older Dutch adults and to investigate socio-economic status (SES) differences in these barriers. Furthermore, we examined the mediating role of these barriers in the association between SES and adherence to these guidelines.DesignCross-sectional.SettingLongitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), the Netherlands.SubjectsWe used data from 1057 community-dwelling adults, aged 55–85 years. SES was measured by level of education and household income. An FFQ was used to assess dietary intake and barriers were measured with a self-reported lifestyle questionnaire.ResultsOverall, 48·9 % of the respondents perceived a barrier to adhere to the fruit guideline, 40·0 % for the vegetable and 51·1 % for the fish guideline. The most frequently perceived barriers to meet the guidelines were the high price of fruit and fish and a poor appetite for vegetables. Lower-SES groups met the guidelines less often and perceived more barriers. The association between income and adherence to the fruit guideline was mediated by ‘perceiving any barrier to meet the fruit guideline’ and the barrier ‘dislike fruit’. The association between income and adherence to the fish guideline was mediated by ‘perceiving any barrier to meet the fish guideline’ and the barrier ‘fish is expensive’.ConclusionsPerceived barriers for meeting the dietary guidelines are common in older adults, especially in lower-SES groups. These barriers and in particular disliking and cost concerns explained the lower adherence to the guidelines for fruit and fish in lower-income groups in older adults.

scholarly journals 306 - Loneliness and mortality in older adults and the role of depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
T.J. Holwerda ◽  
D. Rhebergen ◽  
H.C. Comijs ◽  
J.J.M. Dekker ◽  
M.L. Stek
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

Background:The prevalence of loneliness increases with age. The presence of loneliness in older adults has been found to be associated with health problems such as depression, decreased cognitive functioning, increases in systolic blood pressure and increased mortality. The underlying mechanisms of the higher mortality risk are largely unknown.Methods:Meta-analysis to investigate the present evidence for the associations between loneliness and mortality. Cross-sectional studies investigating the associations between loneliness and cardiovascular disease and between loneliness and cortisol in 378 depressed and 132 non-depressed older adults.Results:Loneliness appears to be associated with increased mortality, although when only studies are included that consider depression as a covariate, the association is not significant. Therefore it seems likely that depression plays a mediating role in the higher mortality risk.We did not find a significant association between loneliness and cardiovascular disease. In contrast, loneliness was significantly associated with lower cortisol output and decreased dexamethasone suppression.Discussion:The results and their implications for prevention and treatment will be discussed from a clinical perspective as well as a general health perspective. Is loneliness as potentially dangerous as depression?

scholarly journals Coping Capacity and Episodic Memory in Older Adults With SMCs: The Mediating Role of Healthy Lifestyle

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
Feilong Wang ◽  
Shijie Li ◽  
Kaifa Wang ◽  
Yanni Yang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Mediating Role

Abstract Older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are at increased risk for episodic memory decline. Episodic memory decline is an important predictor of objective memory impairment (one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease) and an often-suggested criterion of successful memory aging. Therefore, it is important to explore the determinant factors that influence episodic memory in older adults with SMCs. Roy adaptation model and preliminary evidence suggest that older adults with SMCs undergo a coping and adaptation process, a process influenced by many health-related risks and protective factors. This study aimed to explore the relationship between coping capacity and episodic memory, and the mediating role of healthy lifestyle between coping capacity and episodic memory in a sample of 309 community-dwelling older adults with SMCs. Results from the structural equation modeling showed that coping capacity directly affects episodic memory (r=0.629, p＜0.001), and there is a partial mediating effect (60.5%) of healthy lifestyle among this sample of older adults with SMCs. This study demonstrates that coping capacity and adaptation positively correlate with episodic memory in older adults with SMCs, and that these correlations are mediated by healthy lifestyle. The results suggest that older adults with poor coping capacity should be assessed and monitored regularly, and clear lifestyle-related interventions initiated by healthcare providers that promote healthy lifestyles may effectively improve coping capacity and episodic memory in this population group. Note: First author: Feilong Wang, Co-first author: Shijie li, Corresponding author: Yanni Yang

scholarly journals Association Between Activity Diversity and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 185-185
Author(s):  
Junta Takahashi ◽  
Shuichi Obuchi ◽  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
Kaori Ishii ◽  
Koichiro Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indirect Contact

Abstract In addition to intensity and quality, diversity of activity will be an important factor to explain health outcomes among older adults. Few studies, though, examined an association between activity diversity and health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association between activity diversity and frailty among community-dwelling older Japanese. Participants were community-dwelling older adults who participated in a cohort study, the “Otassya-Kenshin” in 2018 . The participants were asked frequency of 20 daily activities, inside/outside chores, leisure activities with/without physically, direct/indirect contact with friends and so on, in a week and activity diversity score were calculated using the formula of Shannon’s entropy. Frailty was defined by the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. The difference in diversity score between frail and non frail were examined by t-test. Logistic regression analysis with covariates, age, sex, economic status, living alone, BMI, Mini-Mental State Examination, and IADL was adopted to find association between activity diversity score and presence of frailty. Of 652 participants (age: 72.8±6.3, women: 60.6%) analyzed, 27 (4.1%) were defined as frail. Frailty group revealed significantly lower activity diversity score than non-frailty group (0.66±0.11 vs 0.75±0.08, P<0.01). 0.2 point of decrease in diversity score increase 5 times chance of frailty after controlling covariates. We found significant relationship between activity diversity and health outcome among older subjects. The activity diversity may provide additional information to number or intensity of activity.

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