scholarly journals Barriers to and facilitators of ultra-processed food consumption: perceptions of Brazilian adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luara Bellinghausen Almeida ◽  
Fernanda Baeza Scagliusi ◽  
Ana Clara Duran ◽  
Patricia Constante Jaime
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Food System ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
Eating Practices

AbstractObjectiveTo explore how individuals perceive the availability of ultra-processed foods in their neighbourhoods and the barriers to and facilitators of consumption of such foods.DesignA qualitative design was chosen. In-depth, face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted and a content analysis was performed.SettingSão Paulo, Brazil.SubjectsA purposeful sample of adults (n 48), stratified by sex and age group (20–39 years and 40–59 years).ResultsAll participants perceived their neighbourhoods as favourable regarding the availability of ultra-processed foods. Three barriers were identified: health concerns, not appreciating the taste of these foods and not being used to eating them. Five facilitators, however, were identified: appreciating the taste of these foods, their children’s preference, convenience, addiction and cost.ConclusionsParticipants perceived their neighbourhoods as favourable to the consumption of ultra-processed foods and reported more facilitators than barriers to their consumption. Reported barriers point to the need to include measures promoting a healthy food system and traditional eating practices. The facilitators reinforce the idea that these foods are habit-forming and that regulatory measures to offset the exposure to ultra-processed foods are necessary.

The sound of death rattle I: are relatives distressed by hearing this sound?

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bee L Wee ◽  
PG Coleman ◽  
R Hillier ◽  
SH Holgate
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Terminal Care ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Thematic Content Analysis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Dying Patients ◽  
Death Rattle ◽  
Impending Death

Background: Death rattle is the noisy, rattling breathing that occurs in many dying patients. Health professionals intervene because the sound is said to distress attendant relatives. We found no formal study to confirm or refute relatives’ distress, so we decided to ask the relatives. Method: Face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 27 bereaved relatives to investigate their experience of terminal care and what their response had been to the sound of death rattle if this had occurred. Interview transcripts were subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: We found that almost half of the 12 relatives who had heard the sound of death rattle had been distressed by it. The others were either neutral about the sound or found it a helpful signal of impending death. Conclusion: We confirmed that some relatives do find it distressing to hear the sound of death rattle. However, our expectation that relatives are universally disturbed by this sound was unfounded. There is no justification for a ‘blanket’ approach to therapeutic intervention when death rattle occurs. A better understanding is required of how relatives make sense of the sound of death rattle.

scholarly journals Consumption of ultra-processed food products, diet quality and nutritional status among Mexican children

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Donaji Benítez-Arciniega ◽  
Ivonne Vizcarra-Bordi ◽  
Roxana Valdés-Ramos ◽  
Leidi Rocío Mercado-García ◽  
Carmen Liliana Ceballos-Juárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food System ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food

AbstractUltra-processed food consumption has increased in recent years. The evidence suggests a positive association between consumption of ultra-processed food consumption and low diet-quality and malnutrition, characterized by nutritional deficiencies and high prevalence of obesity and overweight. In México the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren is 33.2%, and ultra-processed food consumption varies from 40.4% to 81.5% depending on the product. The objective of this study was to describe the association between ultra-processed food consumption, diet-quality and nutritional status in Mexican schoolchildren. We analyzed dietetic and anthropometric data from 364 children (6–12 years) of two communities in the center of México. Four 3d-recalls (three days records followed up for ten months including weekdays and weekends) were used for data collection. Consumed foods were classified according to the level of processing using the NOVA classification. Portions of each food, dietary energy, macro and micronutrients intakes were calculated in accordance with the Mexican equivalent food system, nutrition labelling of each product and software Nutrimind® 15.0. Nutritional status was evaluated according to BMI categories; diet-quality was assessed calculating a dietary score. All data were adjusted by energy. In our study, 32% of foods consumed by schoolchildren were ultra-processed, 49% were minimally processed or unprocessed. 30% of the energy intake derived from ultra-processed foods (95% CI 29.2–33.2%). Major ultra-processed foods in habitual diet were bakery, pastries (23%), sugar-sweetened beverages (dairy and non-dairy) (22%), processed meat (18%), pizzas and pastas (9%), and canned vegetables (4%). Children in the highest quartile of ultra-processed foods consumption, presented lower diet-quality than those in the lowest quartile. In this group of children, 38.0% presented combined overweight or obesity, although there were no statistically significant differences between nutritional status and ultra-processed food consumption. Regular ultra-processed food consumption is associated with a lower diet quality in healthy schoolchildren. It is necessary to implement strategies to reduce intake of these products to avoid possible risks to health in early ages.

scholarly journals “You Want Your Guests to Be Happy in This Business”: Hoteliers’ Decisions to Adopt Voluntary Smoke-Free Guest-Room Policies

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1740-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. McDaniel ◽  
Ruth E. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online News ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Quantitative Content

Purpose: To explore why some hotels have implemented 100% smoke-free policies voluntarily, the perceived consequences of doing so, and media responses. Design: Qualitative study of hotel management and quantitative content analysis of media coverage of smoke-free hotels. Setting: Hotels and media based in the United States. Participants: Eleven representatives of 5 independent and 4 chain hotels. Other data included 265 news items about smoke-free hotels. Method: We conducted 30-minute semi-structured interviews with hotel representatives and analyzed the data using qualitative content analysis. We also searched 3 online news databases for news items about hotels in our study, and collaboratively coded retrieved items; we analyzed the content and slant of news items. Results: Business considerations, including guest requests, competitor action, and cost savings, were the primary motivations for implementing 100% smoke-free guest-room policies. Health concerns played a minimal role. Hotels received positive feedback from customers and employees. Media coverage was favorable, emphasizing positive aspects of going smoke-free; the overall slant of news items was positive or neutral. However, few hotels marketed the change. Conclusions: Since hotel customers and employees are likely to experience long periods of smoke exposure and smoke-free hotels appear to be so well received, it may be timely to pursue policies making all hotels smoke-free.

scholarly journals Faculty Retention in Medical Universities in the County Cities of Iran: A Qualitative Content Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Shaterjalali ◽  
Yousef Gholampoor ◽  
Ali Khani Jeihooni ◽  
Yaser Mansoori ◽  
Reza Homayounfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Executive Management ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
The University ◽  
Second Category

Abstract Background and purpose: Faculty are the cornerstone of academic medicine and are important assets for any institution offering higher education. Recruitment and retention of capable faculty are essential to maintain and improve the quality of education and research performance of universities. The purpose of the present study is to discover the views, experiences, and attitudes of faculty to identify the reasons for attrition and retention of faculty in the medical universities of county cities of Iran. Methods: This is a qualitative study and the method used is of content analysis. The participants included 12 faculty transferred to type 1 university, 4 faculty with transfer request, and 4 faculty members with more than ten years of experience working in the University of county cities no relocate request. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews face to face and via telephone. To measure the trustworthiness of the data, we used four components of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability proposed by Lincoln and Guba. Results : The findings were divided into 3 categories and 14 sub-categories: the first category was the retention attractors, including 4 sub-categories of facilitated communication, proximity to type one university, gaining experience, and support of authorities; the second category was the retention threats, including 6 subcategories of social infrastructures, individual dimension, occupational dimension, economic dimension, sense of respect, and executive management dimension; and the third category was the retention strategies, including 4 sub-categories of the process of recruiting and promotion, inter-university collaboration with type one universities, facilitating scientific growth, and fulfilling the safety needs. Conclusion : Several factors play role in the retention of faculties in medical schools. Authorities can create a more positive environment by devising a suitable reward system, supporting academic activities, and increasing the level of practical autonomy of faculty to develop a sense of belonging among the workforce, and reduce the intention to transfer of their human resources.

Feltman: evaluating the utilisation of an Aboriginal diabetes education tool by health professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 496
Author(s):  
Hannah Xu ◽  
Christina Geros ◽  
Emma Turner ◽  
Mikaela Egan ◽  
Kristie Cocotis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Education Tool ◽  
Barriers And Challenges

Diabetes contributes considerably to the health disparities in the Aboriginal population. To address the lack of Aboriginal-specific diabetes education tools, Feltman was designed for health professionals to deliver diabetes prevention and management information. This qualitative study aims to explore how this resource was used and its perceived effect on diabetes prevention and management in Victorian Aboriginal communities. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 18 participants (n=6 were Aboriginal) who had attended Feltman training between 2010 and 2016. Semi-structured interviews conducted via telephone or face-to-face were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed via content analysis. Content analysis identified three main categories regarding Feltman: (1) utilisation in Aboriginal and mainstream health services; (2) as a comprehensive, engaging tool that supports understanding of diabetes; and (3) the barriers and challenges to Feltman’s use. Overall, Feltman was regarded as a culturally appropriate diabetes education tool that is visual, tactile, engaging, supportive of health literacy and perceived to enhance Community members’ understanding of diabetes prevention and management. This is the first study to provide insight into Feltman’s implementation; adding to the evidence-base for Aboriginal-specific diabetes education tools.

Processed Foods as an Integral Part of Universal Salt Iodization Programs: A Review of Global Experience and Analyses of Bangladesh and Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. S272-S280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Spohrer ◽  
Greg S. Garrett ◽  
Arnold Timmer ◽  
Rajan Sankar ◽  
Basanta Kar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Iodized Salt ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Salt Iodization ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
The Impact

Background Despite the reference to salt for food processing in the original definition of universal salt iodization (USI), national USI programs often do not explicitly address food industry salt. This may affect program impact and sustainability, given the increasing consumption of processed foods in developing countries. Objective To review experience of the use of iodized salt in the food industry globally, and analyze the market context in Bangladesh and Pakistan to test whether this experience may be applicable to inform improved national USI programming in developing countries. Methods A review of relevant international experience was undertaken. In Bangladesh and Pakistan, local rural market surveys were carried out. In Bangladesh, structured face-to-face interviews with bakers and indepth interviews with processed food wholesalers and retailers were conducted. In Pakistan, face-to-face structured interviews were conducted with food retailers and food labels were checked. Results Experience from industrialized countries reveals impact resulting from the use of iodized salt in the food industry. In Bangladesh and Pakistan, bread, biscuits, and snacks containing salt are increasingly available in rural areas. In Bangladesh, the majority of bakers surveyed claimed to use iodized salt. In Pakistan, 6 of 362 unique product labels listed iodized salt. Conclusions Successful experience from developed countries needs to be adapted to the developing country context. The increasing availability of processed foods in rural Bangladesh and Pakistan provides an opportunity to increase iodine intake. However, the impact of this intervention remains to be quantified. To develop better national USI programs, further data are required on processed food consumption across population groups, iodine contents of food products, and the contribution of processed foods to iodine nutrition.

scholarly journals Faculty Retention in Medical Schools of Iran: A Qualitative Content Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Shaterjalali ◽  
Yousef Gholampoor ◽  
Ali Khani Jeihooni ◽  
Yaser Mansoori ◽  
Reza Homayounfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Executive Management ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Academic Activities

Abstract Background and purpose: Faculty are the cornerstone of academic medicine and are the important assets for any institution offering higher education. The recruitment and retention of capable faculty are essential to maintain and improve the quality of education and research performance of universities.The purpose of the present study is to discover the views, experiences, and attitudes of faculty to identify the reasons for the attrition and the retention of faculty. Methods: Using the qualitative content analysis, a total of 20 transferred faculty or those who requested to be transferred participated in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews in face to face and by telephone. To measure the trustworthiness of the data, we used the four components of Credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability proposed by Lincoln and Guba. Results: The findings were divided into 3 categories and 14 sub-categories: the first category was the retention enforcers, including 4 sub-categories of facilitated communication, distance, gaining experience, and support of authorities; the second category was the retention threats, including 6 subcategories of social infrastructures, individual dimension, occupational dimension, economic dimension, sense of respect, and executive management dimension; and the third category was the retention strategies, including 4 sub-categories of the process of recruiting and promotion, connecting with major universities, facilitating scientific growth, and fulfilling the future needs. Conclusion: Several factors play role in the retention of faculties in medical schools. Authorities can create a more positive environment by devising a suitable reward system, supporting academic activities, and increasing the level of practical autonomy of faculty, to develop a sense of belonging among the workforce, and reduce the intention to transfer of their human resources.

scholarly journals EXPLORING TENNIS COACHES’ INSIGHTS IN RELATION TO THEIR TEACHING STYLES

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (102) ◽  
pp. 30-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Pill ◽  
Mitchell Hewitt ◽  
Ken Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Teaching Styles ◽  
Skill Level ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Theoretical Sampling ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
Group Skill

Background. The aim of this study was to explore junior tennis coaches’ insights in relation to teaching styles they employ as well as the motivations and reasons that underpin these practices. Methods. The research consisted of implementing interviews with the 13 tennis coaches. It employed purposive or theoretical sampling. Semi-structured interviews commenced with a prearranged group of questions to permit scope in direction so that the interviewer may follow what is considered as pertinent to the interviewee. The coaches were filmed during three 30 minute sessions. Prior to the interviews, each of the coaches was requested to view a portion of their video-recorded sessions. The interview data were analysed via deductive content analysis. Results. The results highlighted a lack of knowledge concerning the theoretical and practical application of various teaching styles required for coaching tennis to junior players. The coaches lacked self-awareness with regard to their own coaching performance and were incapable of accurately describing the reasons why they implement particular ways of coaching. Coaches used an assortment of terms to identify the way they coach and that their decision to employ certain ways of coaching did not alter as a function of the age group, skill level or ability of the players they were coaching. Observing and/or discussing aspects of coaching with a mentor as well as playing experience had a greater influence on current coaching behaviour than attending an accreditation course. Conclusion. The finding from this study is that the personally anticipated coaching behaviour of the coach was not what they realised upon observation of their coaching.

scholarly journals The nurse without a nurse: the antecedents of presenteeism in nursing

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Mohammadi ◽  
Nahid Dehghan Nayeri ◽  
Shokoh Varaei ◽  
Arezoo Rasti
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Abstract Background Presenteeism describes the state in which staff who lack the conditions for being present at work and need rest and leave for various reasons (such as illness, low spirits, fatigue, etc.) are present at the workplace. Due to the lack of knowledge about the antecedents of presenteeism in nurses and the context-based nature of this concept, the present study was conducted to explain the reasons for presenteeism in nurses. Methods This qualitative study was performed using the qualitative content analysis method. The study population consisted of 17 nurses working in different wards of hospitals. In this regard, data were collected from February to June 2020 using individual, face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results The nurse without a nurse was a category introduced as an antecedent of presenteeism. In this respect, nurses experienced limited power, injustice, compulsory presence, inadequate structural facilities, damaged professional identity, manager-nurse disconnect, insufficient knowledge, physical and mental health complications, job stress, job burnout, multitasking, and impaired communication. Conclusion The nurse, who has been responsible for caring, supporting, advising, advocating, and educating the patient, has now been left without a nurse. In other words, not nursing the nurse has given rise to the emergence of presenteeism. It is recommended that the results of this study be used in making health policies. The results of this study can make nurses’ voices heard by health leaders and managers. A voice that has never been heard as it deserves.

scholarly journals Exploring the concept and structure of obstetric triage: a qualitative content analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asieh Moudi ◽  
Mina Iravani ◽  
Mahin Najafian ◽  
Armin Zareiyan ◽  
Arash Forouzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Obstetric triage is a new idea, so the design and implementation of it requires identification of its concept and structure. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the concept and structure of the obstetric triage in Iran. Methods The purposive sampling was done and it continued until reaching the theoretical saturation. Thirty-seven semi-structured interviews were conducted individually and face-to-face. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results Two themes, 8 main categories, and 16 subcategories emerged from the content analysis of the interviews and observations. The themes were the concept and structure of obstetric triage. The concept of obstetric triage consisted of three categories of nature, process, and philosophy of obstetric triage. The structure of obstetric triage included five categories of assessment criteria, emergency grading, determining the appropriate location for patient guidance, initiation of diagnostic and therapeutic measures, and timeframe for initial assessment and reassessment. Conclusion Findings highlighted that obstetric triage is a process with a dual and dynamic nature. This process involves clinical decision making to prioritize the pregnant mother and her fetus based on the severity and acuity of the disease in order to allocate medical resources and care for providing appropriate treatment at the right time and place to the right patient. The results of this study could be used for the design and implementation of the obstetric triage system.

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