scholarly journals Quantifying associations of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods with overall diet quality in First Nations peoples in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba and Ontario

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malek Batal ◽  
Louise Johnson-Down ◽  
Jean-Claude Moubarac ◽  
Amy Ing ◽  
Karen Fediuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify associations of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods (UPF) with the overall diet quality of First Nations peoples.DesignA cross-sectional analysis of data from the First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study, designed to contribute to knowledge gaps regarding the diet of First Nations peoples living on-reserve, south of the 60th parallel. A multistage sampling of communities was conducted. All foods from 24 h dietary recalls were categorized into NOVA categories and analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of UPF on diet quality.SettingWestern and Central Canada.SubjectsFirst Nations participants aged 19 years or older.ResultsThe sample consisted of 3700 participants. UPF contributed 53·9 % of energy. Compared with the non-UPF fraction of the diet, the UPF fraction had 3·5 times less vitamin A, 2·4 times less K, 2·2 times less protein, 2·3 times more free sugars and 1·8 times more Na. As the contribution of UPF to energy increased so did the overall intakes of energy, carbohydrate, free sugar, saturated fat, Na, Ca and vitamin C, and Na:K; while protein, fibre, K, Fe and vitamin A decreased. Diets of individuals who ate traditional First Nations food (e.g. wild plants and game animals) on the day of the recall were lower in UPF.ConclusionsUPF were prevalent in First Nations diets. Efforts to curb UPF consumption and increase intake of traditional First Nations foods and other fresh or minimally processed foods would improve diet quality and health in First Nations peoples.

scholarly journals Changes in Consumers’ Food Practices during the COVID-19 Lockdown, Implications for Diet Quality and the Food System: A Cross-Continental Comparison

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Blain Murphy ◽  
Tony Benson ◽  
Amanda McCloat ◽  
Elaine Mooney ◽  
Chris Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Food System ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Practices ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 has led to dramatic societal changes. Differing movement restrictions across countries have affected changes in consumers’ food practices, with a potentially detrimental impact on their health and food systems. To investigate this, this research explored changes in consumers’ food practices during the initial COVID-19 phase and assessed the impact of location on these changes. A sample of 2360 adults from three continents (Island of Ireland (IOI), Great Britain (GB), United States (USA), and New Zealand (NZ)) were recruited for a cross-sectional online survey (May–June 2020). Participants completed questions in relation to their cooking and food practices, diet quality, and COVID-19 food-related practices. Significant changes in consumers’ food practices during the pandemic were seen within and between regions, with fewer cooking practices changes found in the USA. Food practices, which may put added pressure on the food system, such as bulk buying, were seen across all regions. To prevent this, organisational food practices, including planning ahead, should be emphasized. Additionally, while positive cooking-related practices and increases in fruit and vegetable intake were found, an increase in saturated fat intake was also seen. With the additional pressure on individuals’ physical and mental health, the essentiality of maintaining a balanced diet should be promoted.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and the nutritional dietary profile in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Ana Paula Bortoletto Martins ◽  
Daniela Silva Canella ◽  
Larissa Galastri Baraldi ◽  
Renata Bertazzi Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Fiber Protein ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of consuming ultra-processed foods on the nutritional dietary profile in Brazil.METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted with data from the module on individual food consumption from the 2008-2009 Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF – Brazilian Family Budgets Survey). The sample, which represented the section of the Brazilian population aged 10 years or over, involved 32,898 individuals. Food consumption was evaluated by two 24-hour food records. The consumed food items were classified into three groups: natural or minimally processed, including culinary preparations with these foods used as a base; processed; and ultra-processed.RESULTS The average daily energy consumption per capita was 1,866 kcal, with 69.5% being provided by natural or minimally processed foods, 9.0% by processed foods and 21.5% by ultra-processed food. The nutritional profile of the fraction of ultra-processed food consumption showed higher energy density, higher overall fat content, higher saturated and trans fat, higher levels of free sugar and less fiber, protein, sodium and potassium, when compared to the fraction of consumption related to natural or minimally processed foods. Ultra-processed foods presented generally unfavorable characteristics when compared to processed foods. Greater inclusion of ultra-processed foods in the diet resulted in a general deterioration in the dietary nutritional profile. The indicators of the nutritional dietary profile of Brazilians who consumed less ultra-processed foods, with the exception of sodium, are the stratum of the population closer to international recommendations for a healthy diet.CONCLUSIONS The results from this study highlight the damage to health that is arising based on the observed trend in Brazil of replacing traditional meals, based on natural or minimally processed foods, with ultra-processed foods. These results also support the recommendation of avoiding the consumption of these kinds of foods.

scholarly journals Sustainable Perspective in Public Educational Institutions Restaurants: From Foodstuffs Purchase to Meal Offer

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4340
Author(s):  
Josimara Pereira Nogueira ◽  
Maria Hatjiathanassiadou ◽  
Sthephany Rayanne Gomes de Souza ◽  
Virgílio José Strasburg ◽  
Priscilla Moura Rolim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Menu Planning ◽  
Sustainable Diet ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to evaluate aspects of sustainable nutrition in Public Educational Institutions Restaurants (PEIR) in a Brazilian state. Cross-sectional descriptive research was conducted in six PEIR. Purchased foodstuffs for a one-month period were investigated from the perspective of their origin (place of production), processing degree and nutritional profile. The presence of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) in packaged foodstuffs was also evaluated. Regarding served meals, a four-week period was evaluated in each PEIR considering the Water Footprint (WF) and the nutrient composition of the lunch meals. Results showed that 31.6% of foodstuffs purchased in the period evaluated were from national origin. Analysis of the processing degree of food purchased showed 64.8% unprocessed or minimally processed foods. However, 60.8% of the foodstuffs purchased in a one-month period presented sodium excess, 46.9% had an excess of saturated fat and 40.1% contained an excess of free sugar. The presence of GMO was observed in 9.2% of packed foods. The meals showed a per capita WF average of 2165.8 liters, an energy supply of 834.6 kcal and 1,289.6 mg of sodium per meal served. Foodstuff purchase and menu planning are essential steps towards achieving sustainable meal production and the results showed that foodstuffs purchased in institutional restaurants during the evaluated period was not in line with the precepts of a healthy and sustainable diet. Studies that assess the impact of meal production on the different dimensions of sustainable nutrition are essential to better understand this complex production process.

scholarly journals Effect of ultraprocessed food intake on cardiometabolic risk is mediated by diet quality: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000225
Author(s):  
Jennifer Griffin ◽  
Anwar Albaloul ◽  
Alexandra Kopytek ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
Gary Frost
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Cohort

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of the consumption of ultraprocessed food on diet quality, and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in an occupational cohort.DesignCross-sectional.SettingOccupational cohort.Participants53 163 British police force employees enrolled (2004–2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study. A total of 28 forces across the UK agreed to participate. 9009 participants with available 7-day diet record data and complete co-variate data are reported in this study.Main outcome measuresA CMR and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score were treated as continuous variables and used to generate measures of cardiometabolic health and diet quality. Secondary outcome measures include percentage of energy from fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, protein and non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) and fibre grams per 1000 kcal of energy intake.ResultsIn this cohort, 58.3%±11.6 of total energy intake was derived from ultraprocessed (NOVA 4) foods. Ultraprocessed food intake was negatively correlated with diet quality (r=−0.32, p<0.001), fibre (r=−0.20, p<0.001) and protein (r = −0.40, p<0.001) and positively correlated with fat (r=0.18, p<0.001), saturated fat (r=0.14, p<0.001) and nmes (r=0.10, p<0.001) intake . Multivariable analysis suggests a positive association between ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) consumption and CMR. However, this main effect was no longer observed after adjustment for diet quality (p=0.209). Findings from mediation analysis indicate that the effect of ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) intake on CMR is mediated by diet quality (p<0.001).ConclusionsUltraprocessed food consumption is associated with a deterioration in diet quality and positively associated with CMR, although this association is mediated by and dependent on the quality of the diet. The negative impact of ultraprocessed food consumption on diet quality needs to be addressed and controlled studies are needed to fully comprehend whether the relationship between ultraprocessed food consumption and health is independent to its relationship with poor diet quality.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Breast Reconstruction: A Canadian Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 229255032110300
Author(s):  
Caroline F. Illmann ◽  
Christopher Doherty ◽  
Margaret Wheelock ◽  
Joshua Vorstenbosch ◽  
Joan E. Lipa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Surgical Access ◽  
Canadian Perspective ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
The Impact

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to unprecedented challenges and restrictions in surgical access across Canada, including for breast reconstructive services which are an integral component of comprehensive breast cancer care. We sought to determine how breast reconstructive services are being restricted, and what strategies may be employed to optimize the provision of breast reconstruction through a pan-Canadian evaluation from the providers’ perspective. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of Canadian plastic and reconstructive surgeons who perform breast reconstruction. The 33-item web-based questionnaire was developed by a pan-Canadian working group of breast reconstruction experts and disseminated via email to members of the Canadian Society of Plastic Surgery. The questionnaire queried respondents on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions on surgeons’ breast reconstruction practice patterns and opinions on strategies for resource utilization. Results: Responses were received from 49 surgeons, who reported practicing in 8 of 10 Canadian provinces. Restrictions on the provision of breast reconstructive procedures were most limited during the First Wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, where all respondents reported at least some reduction in capacity and more than a quarter reporting complete cessation. Average reported reduction in capacity ranged from 31% to 78% across all 3 waves. Autologous, delayed, and prophylactic reconstructions were most commonly restricted. Conclusion: This study provides a pan-Canadian impact assessment on breast reconstructive services during the COVID-19 pandemic from the providers’ perspective. To uphold the standards of patient-centred care, a unified approach to strategically reorganize health care delivery now and in the future is needed.

scholarly journals Pilot testing an intervention to educate and promote nutritious choices at food pantries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. McKee ◽  
Eminet Abebe Gurganus ◽  
Abiodun T. Atoloye ◽  
Ran Xu ◽  
Katie Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food System ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Food Pantry ◽  
Food Pantries ◽  
Client Choice ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim This study aimed to assess the impact of the Supporting Wellness at Pantries (SWAP) system on client food selections at a food pantry. Subject and methods In a pre–post comparison study design, a client-choice food pantry implemented SWAP by reorganizing its inventory to promote healthy options. Each product was ranked as “choose often” (green), “sometimes” (yellow), or “rarely” (red) based on saturated fat, sodium, and sugar. Signage was added to indicate each item’s SWAP rank and healthier foods were placed at eye level. Client food baskets were assessed at time 1 (n = 121) and time 2 (n = 101). The proportions of green and red foods selected were compared using regression analyses. Results The regression analyses showed that the proportion of green foods selected by clients increased by 11% (p < 0.001) and the proportion of red foods selected decreased by 7% (p < 0.001) after SWAP was implemented (n = 222). Conclusions SWAP has the potential to positively shift client choices among the items available in a food pantry setting. SWAP is one component of a suite of changes to the charitable food system that have the potential to alleviate food insecurity, improve diet quality, and assist clients in managing diet-related diseases.

scholarly journals The Impact of Adding Sugars to Milk and Fruit on Adiposity and Diet Quality in Children: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis of the Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants (IDEFICS) Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Dello Russo ◽  
Wolfgang Ahrens ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
Gabriele Eiben ◽  
Antje Hebestreit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Idefics Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age And Sex

Sugar, particularly as free sugars or sugar-sweetened beverages, significantly contributes to total energy intake, and, possibly, to increased body weight. Excessive consumption may be considered as a proxy of poor diet quality. However, no previous studies evaluated the association between the habit of adding sugars to “healthy” foods, such as plain milk and fresh fruit, and indicators of adiposity and/or dietary quality in children. To answer to these research questions, we Panalysed the European cohort of children participating in the IDEFICS study. Anthropometric variables, frequency of consumption of sugars added to milk and fruit (SAMF), and scores of adherence to healthy dietary pattern (HDAS) were assessed at baseline in 9829 children stratified according to age and sex. From this cohort, 6929 children were investigated again after two years follow-up. At baseline, a direct association between SAMF categories and adiposity indexes was observed only in children aged 6–<10 years, while the lower frequency of SAMF consumption was significantly associated with a higher HDAS. At the two year follow-up, children with higher baseline SAMF consumption showed significantly higher increases in all the anthropometric variables measured, with the exception of girls 6–<10 years old. The inverse association between SAMF categories and HDAS was still present at the two years follow-up in all age and sex groups. Our results suggest that the habit to adding sugars to foods that are commonly perceived as healthy may impact the adherence to healthy dietary guidelines and increase in adiposity risk as well.

scholarly journals Impact of Fortified Ultra-Processed Foods on Risk of Anemia: A New Perspective for Pediatric Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 841-841
Author(s):  
Daniel Hoffman ◽  
Paula dos Leffa ◽  
Caroline Sangalli ◽  
Julia Valmórbida ◽  
André Dornelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Poor diet quality is a major risk factor for the development of anemia. An increased consumption of fortified ultra-processed food (UPF) among children presents a new contributor to micronutrient intake, one that could potentially improve anemia biomarkers despite having a concomitantly low diet quality. Our objective was to investigate the impact of fortified UPF consumption on the prevalence of anemia and diet quality among children from low-income families in Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional analyses from a randomized field trial of children at 3 years of age (n = 432) from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Capillary blood samples were taken to measure hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and used to determine anemia status. Dietary data was assessed using two multiple-pass 24-h recalls and the consumption of UPF was classified according to the NOVA system. Results UPF account for 42.6% of total energy intake. Children in the highest tertile of UPF consumption had significantly lower risk of anemia (Hb &lt; 110 g/L) compared to those in the lowest tertile (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1; OR 0.56 95% CI 0.39 to 0.82). Similarly, a 10% increase in the consumption of UPF was associated with a 22% lower risk of anemia (95% CI 0.64 to 0.94). Conversely, consumption of UPF was negatively associated with consumption of unprocessed/minimally processed foods. Finally, as the contribution of UPF to total energy intake increased, the intake of added sugars, total fats, and sodium increased, whereas the intake of proteins, fiber, and calcium decreased. Conclusions The consumption of fortified UPF was associated with a lower risk of anemia and a poor diet quality in children from a low-income community in Brazil. The co-existence of normal Hb with poor diet quality suggests the need for a more nuanced assessment of dietary patterns in low-income settings to best address this paradoxical situation as the prevalence of the double burden of disease continues to increase throughout the world. Funding Sources Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES).

scholarly journals Associations of Mediterranean-style Diet Adherence with Circulating Sphingolipid Patterns (P18-004-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherman Bigornia ◽  
Tammy Scott ◽  
Brian Barth ◽  
Jose M Ordovas ◽  
Katherine Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Sphingoid Bases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Building evidence suggests that greater adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet (MD) may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and dementia. However, our understanding of the biological mechanisms explaining these associations is limited. Altered sphingolipid metabolism (e.g., increased ceramides, glycosyl- and lactosyl-ceramides, sphingoid bases, and sphingomyelin (SM)) has been implicated in the development of chronic health conditions. We aimed to quantify the impact of MD adherence on circulating patterns of sphingolipid metabolites. Methods Cross-sectional analyses were conducted in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study among those with available data (n = 540, 56 y, 74% women). Diet was obtained with a semi-quantitative FFQ. The MD score (MDS) includes 7 beneficial (e.g., fish, monounsaturated/saturated fat ratio (MUFA/SFA)) and 2 moderation components (e.g., meat and dairy) (range 0–9). Metabolomic analysis was conducted on plasma samples using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Twenty-six sphingolipids were retained for analyses. Principal components analysis was used to derive 5 sphingolipid patterns. Statistical analyses included multiple linear regression and ANCOVA. Results Circulating sphingolipid patterns were characterized by dihydro-SMs and SM species with very-long chain fatty acid groups (Factor 1); glycosyl- and lactosyl-ceramides (Factor 2); ceramides (Factor 3); sphingoid bases, sphinganine-1-phosphate and sphingosine-1-phosphate (Factor 4); and SM species with a sphingadienine group (Factor 5). Each 1-point increase in the MDS was associated with lower Factor 3 z-score (β = −0.07 ± 0.03, P = 0.01), as well as with lower Factor 5 z-score (−0.08 ± 0.02, P = 0.001). We observed that individual MDS components including whole grains, fish, and the MUFA/SFA ratio were associated with the sphingolipid patterns (Table 1). Conclusions Our results suggest that a Mediterranean-style diet and components of the diet may reduce circulating concentrations of ceramides and certain sphingomyelin species. This may in part explain the protective benefits of this dietary pattern. Longitudinal analyses are needed to clarify the long-term impact of this dietary pattern on sphingolipid metabolism. Funding Sources NIH grants P01-AG023394 P50-HL105185 and R01-AG027087. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Food Security and Diet Quality in Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and Filipino Infants 3 to 12 Months of Age

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2120
Author(s):  
Sally Campbell ◽  
John J. Chen ◽  
Carol J. Boushey ◽  
Heather Eicher-Miller ◽  
Fengqing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Native Hawaiian ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Pacific Islander ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Food insecurity and other nutritional risks in infancy pose a lifelong risk to wellbeing; however, their effect on diet quality in Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and Filipino (NHPIF) infants in Hawai‘i is unknown. In this cross-sectional analysis, the association between various indicators of food security and NHPIF infant diet quality were investigated in 70 NHPIF infants aged 3–12 months residing on O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. The dietary assessments of the infants were collected using a mobile food recordTM. Foods consumed across four days were categorized into seven food groups. Indicators for food security were examined through an adapted infant food security index and other indicators. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests, independent sample t-tests, multinomial logistic regression, and linear regression models. In models adjusting for age and sex, infants defined as food insecure by the adapted index were found to consume foods from more food groups and consume flesh foods on a greater proportion of days. Of the indicators examined, the adapted index was shown to be the best indicator for food group consumption. Further work is needed on a more representative sample of NHPIF infants to determine the impact that food security has on nutritional status and other indicators of health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document