scholarly journals An anthropometry-based equation of fat mass percentage as a valid discriminator of obesity

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lilia V Castro-Porras ◽  
Mario E Rojas-Russell ◽  
Javier Villanueva-Sánchez ◽  
Malaquías López-Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Life Measurement ◽  
The Difference

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a new predictive equation for fat mass percentage (%FM) based on anthropometric measurements and to assess its ability to discriminate between obese and non-obese individuals.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingMexican adults.ParticipantsAdults (n 275; 181 women) aged 20–63 years with BMI between 17·4 and 42·4 kg/m2.ResultsThirty-seven per cent of our sample was obese using %FM measured by air-displacement plethysmography (BOD POD®; Life Measurement Instruments). The fat mass was computed from the difference between weight and fat-free mass (FFM). FFM was estimated using an equation obtained previously in the study from weight, height and sex of the individuals. The %FM estimated from the obtained FFM showed a sensitivity of 90·3 (95 % CI 86·8, 93·8) % and a specificity of 58·0 (95 % CI 52·1, 63·8) % in the diagnosis of obesity. Ninety-three per cent of participants with obesity and 65 % of participants without obesity were correctly classified.ConclusionsThe anthropometry-based equation obtained in the present study could be used as a screening tool in clinical and epidemiological studies not only to estimate the %FM, but also to discriminate the obese condition in populations with similar characteristics to the participant sample.

scholarly journals Assessment of Body Composition, Fat Mass, Fat-Free Mass and Percent of Body Fat among Rural School Children of Northeastern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Dali Dutta ◽  
Sarthak Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mean Differences

Recently recognized important indicators of body composition are fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and percent body fat (PBF). The aim of this cross-sectional study is to determine body composition of the pre-adolescent children by using FM, FFM, and PBF. This study was performed using data from 584 children (281 boys and 303 girls) aged 6–10 years of Ahom descent from upper Assam state, Northeast India. Four anthropometric measurements i.e. height, weight, skinfold at triceps (TSF) and sub-scapular (SSF) were taken to calculate FM, FFM, FMI, FFMI, PBF, PBF for age (PBFZ), body mass index(BMI). Age-specific mean values of FM ranged from 2.12–4.00 kg (boys) and 2.16–4.40 kg (girls) and the agespecific mean values of FFM ranged from 14.45–23.93 kg (boys) and 14.01–23.03 kg (girls). The highest PBF value was observed at the age of 6 years for both groups of the children while the lowest value was observed at the age of 10 years and 9 years for boys and girls respectively. Sex-specific mean differences between sexes were statistically significant in SSF, PBF, FM, and FMI. For future investigations in clinical and epidemiological studies, these results are very important as they can be used to identify the risk of lower or higher adiposity and body composition using PBF, FM, and FFM.

scholarly journals Increased cardiovascular risk markers in obesity are associated with body adiposity: Role of leptin

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (06) ◽  
pp. 991-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Gómez-Ambrosi ◽  
Javier Salvador ◽  
Camilo Silva ◽  
Carlos Pastor ◽  
Fernando Rotellar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Von Willebrand

SummaryEpidemiological studies have shown that obesity is associated with increased blood concentrations of proinflammatory factors and markers of endothelial dysfunction such as fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), and von Willebrand factor (vWF). We analyzed the association of these markers with percentage of body fat (BF), and the influence of leptin in a cross-sectional study of 1,089 subjects (366 men) aged 44 (34–53) [median (interquartile range)] years, who were classified as obese or non-obese according to BF estimated by whole-body air displacement plethysmography. Obesity was defined as BF ≥ 25% in men and ≥ 35% in women. Compared with non-obese subjects (mean ± SD), obese patients had higher concentrations of fibrinogen (312± 78 vs. 342 ± 81 mg/dl, P < 0.001), CRP (0.41 ± 0.75 vs. 0.75± 1. 04 mg/l, P = 0.014), vWF (107 ± 29 vs. 123 ± 55%, P < 0.001), and leptin (10.4 ± 6.5 vs. 37.5 ± 26. 1 ng/ml, P < 0.0001). A positive correlation was observed between BF and fibrinogen (r = 0.266; P < 0.0001), logCRP (r = 0.409; P < 0.0001), and vWF (r = 206; P < 0.0001). Leptin was correlated with fibrinogen (r = 0.219, P < 0.0001), logCRP (r = 0.339, P < 0.0001), and vWF (r = 0.124, P = 0.002), but the statistical significance was lost after including BF in adjusted-correlation and multivariate analysis, suggesting that they are not regulated by leptin per se. In conclusion, the obesity-associated increase in the circulating concentrations of fibrinogen, CRP, and vWF is highly associated to BF and apparently not determined by leptin.

The fat mass index, not the fat-free mass index, is associated with impaired physical performance in older adult subjects: Evidence from a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 877-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribel Ramírez Torres ◽  
Roxana E. Ruiz Valenzuela ◽  
Julián Esparza-Romero ◽  
Miriam T. López Teros ◽  
Heliodoro Alemán-Mateo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fat Mass Index

scholarly journals Determinants of fat mass in prepubertal children

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Müller ◽  
A. Grund ◽  
H. Krause ◽  
M. Siewers ◽  
A. Bosy-Westphal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prepubertal Children

The aim of the present study was to compare variables of metabolism, physical activity and fitness to body composition in normal and overweight children in a cross-sectional study design. Body composition was assessed by anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance analysis in forty-eight prepubertal children (age 5–11 years, thirteen normal-weight, thirty-five overweight). Total energy expenditure (EE) was measured by combination of indirect calorimetry (for measurement of resting EE) and individually calibrated 24 h heart-rate (HR) monitoring. Activity-related EE and physical activity level (PAL) were calculated. Time spent with min-by-min HR>FLEX HR was also used as a marker of moderate habitual and vigorous activities. Aerobic fitness (O2 pulse (O2 consumption:HR at submaximal steady-state heart rate), submaximal O2 consumption (VO2submaximal), RER at a HR of 170 beats per min) was determined by bicycle ergometry. Muscle strength of the legs (maximal isometric strength of musculus quadriceps and of musculus ischiocruralis (Fa max and Fb max respectively)) was measured by computer tensiometry. When compared with normal children, overweight children had higher skinfold thicknesses (sum of skinfold thicknesses at four sites +160%), fat mass (+142%), waist (+24%) and hip circumferences (+14%), resting EE (+13%) and RER (+5%). No significant group differences were found for fat-free mass, muscle mass, total EE, activity-related EE, PAL, HR>FLEX HR, VO2submaximal, O2 pulse, Fa max and Fb max as well as the fat-free mass- or muscle mass-adjusted values for resting EE, aerobic fitness and muscle strength. When compared with normal children, overweight children had a lower measured v. estimated resting EE (Δ resting EE) and spent more time watching television. There were positive relationships between fat-free mass(x) and resting EE(x), total EE(y), aerobic fitness(y) and muscle strength(y), but only Δ resting EE(x) and HR>FLEX HR(x) correlated with fat mass(y). In a stepwise multivariate regression analysis resting EE adjusted for fat-free mass and Δ resting EE were significant determinants of % fat mass and explained 29·7% of its variance. Thus, in the present cross-sectional study, resting EE was the most important determinant of fat mass.

The Influence of Clinical Experience and Photographic Presentation on Age Assessment of Women

Gerontology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Rubek Nielsen ◽  
Allan Linneberg ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Julie Lyng Forman ◽  
Peter Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Perceived Age ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Regression Towards The Mean

Background: Epidemiological studies have reported that a higher perceived age is associated with poor health and higher mortality. However, the method used for the assessment of perceived age differs between studies with regard to age, gender, the number and occupation of assessors as well as the presentation of participants. Objective: It is not known whether the clinical experience of the assessor or photographic presentation have an influence on the assessment of perceived age, which the present study aimed to investigate. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 460 women aged 25-93 years, 10 consultants and 10 residents were asked to estimate the age of each participant using three different photographic presentations: facial photograph, whole-body photograph, and combined facial and whole-body photographs. Data were analyzed by means of summary statistics and linear mixed models. Results: The inter-class correlation coefficient within each assessor group and photographic presentation varied from 0.66 to 0.75. Limits of agreement were in a broad range but were similar in the two assessor groups. The best inter-assessor agreement was obtained from photographs of both the face and the whole body. Intra- and inter-assessor agreements between photographic presentations were similar among both assessor groups. The accuracy in age assessment was significantly influenced by the photographic presentation but not by the clinical experience of the assessor. The difference in the mean perceived age of a participant of average age was estimated as +0.40 years (95% CI: -1.80; 2.59) for consultants versus residents, -2.05 years (95% CI: -2.90; -1.19) for facial photographs versus both facial and whole-body photographs, and -1.44 years (95% CI: -2.30; -0.58) for whole-body photographs versus both facial and whole-body photographs. A regression towards the mean age was seen. Conclusion: The assessment of perceived age was influenced by the photographic presentation but not by the clinical experience of the assessor.

scholarly journals A simple equation to estimate body fat percentage in children with overweightness or obesity: a retrospective study

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Cortés-Castell ◽  
Mercedes Juste ◽  
Antonio Palazón-Bru ◽  
Laura Monge ◽  
Francisco Sánchez-Ferrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional

BackgroundDual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides separate measurements of fat mass, fat-free mass and bone mass, and is a quick, accurate, and safe technique, yet one that is not readily available in routine clinical practice. Consequently, we aimed to develop statistical formulas to predict fat mass (%) and fat mass index (FMI) with simple parameters (age, sex, weight and height).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational cross-sectional study in 416 overweight or obese patients aged 4–18 years that involved assessing adiposity by DXA (fat mass percentage and FMI), body mass index (BMI), sex and age. We randomly divided the sample into two parts (construction and validation). In the construction sample, we developed formulas to predict fat mass and FMI using linear multiple regression models. The formulas were validated in the other sample, calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient via bootstrapping.ResultsThe fat mass percentage formula had a coefficient of determination of 0.65. This value was 0.86 for FMI. In the validation, the constructed formulas had an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.77 for fat mass percentage and 0.92 for FMI.ConclusionsOur predictive formulas accurately predicted fat mass and FMI with simple parameters (BMI, sex and age) in children with overweight and obesity. The proposed methodology could be applied in other fields. Further studies are needed to externally validate these formulas.

DETERMINANTS OF THYROID VOLUME IN SCHOOLCHILDREN: FAT-FREE MASS VERSUS BODY FAT MASS-- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihail A. Boyanov ◽  
Natalya L. Temelkova ◽  
Plamen P. Popivanov
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Influence of Calcium and Vitamin D Intakes on Body Composition in Children and Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Correa-Rodríguez ◽  
Jacqueline Schmidt-RioValle ◽  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista ◽  
Emilio González-Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Composition Measurements

Identifying nutritional strategies to maintain a healthy body weight and reduce the comorbidities associated with obesity is extremely important. We aimed to investigate whether calcium and vitamin D intakes are associated with body composition measurements in a population of children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1,060 children and adolescents (65.8% females; 34.2% males) aged 9 to 19 years. Fat mass, percentage of fat mass, and fat-free mass were measured using a body composition analyzer (TANITA BC-418MA®). The mean dietary calcium and vitamin intakes were 829.66 ± 328.34 mg/day and 200.78 ± 400.91 IU/day. Linear regression analysis revealed a lack of significant association between daily calcium and vitamin D intakes and body composition measurements, after adjusting the model for age, sex, maturation status, and energy intake. Dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes do not appear to be associated with higher adiposity measurements in children and adolescents.

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