Long-term dietary flavonoid intake and change in cognitive function in the Framingham Offspring cohort

AbstractObjective:To examine the association between long-term intake of total and the six classes of dietary flavonoids and decline in cognitive function over a follow-up period of up to 15 years.Design:In this longitudinal study, we evaluated change in eight cognitive domain scores (verbal and visual memory, verbal learning, attention and concentration, abstract reasoning, language, visuoperceptual organisation and the global function) based on three neuropsychological exams and characterised the annualised change between consecutive exams. Long-term intakes of total and six flavonoid classes were assessed up to four times by a validated FFQ. Repeated-measures regression models were used to examine the longitudinal association between total and six flavonoid classes and annualised change in the eight cognitive domains.Setting:The Framingham Heart Study (FHS), a prospective cohort study.Participants:One thousand seven hundred and seventy-nine subjects who were free of dementia, aged ≥45 years and had attended at least two of the last three FHS Offspring cohort study exams.Results:Over a median follow-up of 11·8 years with 1779 participants, nominally significant trends towards a slower decline in cognitive function were observed among those with higher flavanol and flavan-3-ol intakes for global function, verbal and visual memory; higher total flavonoids and flavonoid polymers for visual memory; and higher flavanols for verbal learning.Conclusions:In spite of modest nominal trends, overall, our findings do not support a clear association between higher long-term flavonoid intake and slowing age-related cognitive decline.

Download Full-text

Renal Function and Long-Term Decline in Cognitive Function: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

American Journal of Nephrology ◽

10.1159/000430922 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (4-5) ◽

pp. 305-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Stephen L. Seliger ◽

Carrington R. Wendell ◽

Shari R. Waldstein ◽

Luigi Ferrucci ◽

Alan B. Zonderman

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Verbal Memory ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Community Based ◽

Baltimore Longitudinal Study

Background: Renal disease has been associated with greater risk of dementia and greater cognitive impairment. However, the relationship of lower renal function with long-term decline in specific domains of cognitive function remains unclear among community-dwelling, non-demented individuals. Methods: Stroke- and dementia-free participants (n = 2,116) were enrolled in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, a community-based, prospective, longitudinal study. Renal function was estimated by the inverse of serum creatinine adjusted for age, sex and race and (in sensitivity analyses) estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the MDRD formula. Outcome measures were changes in scores on 6 cognitive tests encompassing a range of cognitive functions, measured at 2-year intervals. Mixed-effects regression models examined the longitudinal relations of renal function with cognitive functions after adjusting for demographics, comorbidity and other potential confounders. Results: Mean age at initial testing was 53.9 years (SD 17.1), and 94 participants (4.4%) had an eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 18.5% had at least one comorbidity. With increasing age, longitudinal increases in creatinine concentrations were associated with more rapid decline in performance on several cognitive measures, including the learning slope of the California Verbal Learning Test, a test of verbal learning (p < 0.01), and the Benton Visual Retention Test, a test of visual memory (p < 0.01). Associations were similar for changes in eGFRMDRD, which was also associated with the rate of decline in verbal memory. Conclusion: In a community-based adult population, declines in renal function independently associated with greater long-term declines in visual memory and verbal memory and learning.

Download Full-text

Cognitive impairment and psychopathology in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors in Denmark: The REVIVAL cohort study protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038633 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. e038633

Author(s):

Mette Kirstine Wagner ◽

Selina Kikkenborg Berg ◽

Christian Hassager ◽

Sophia Armand ◽

Jacob Eifer Møller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Primary Study ◽

Hospital Cardiac Arrest

IntroductionCognitive impairment and psychopathology caused by brain hypoxia and the traumatic impact of critical illness are common in cardiac arrest survivors and can lead to negative consequences of everyday life functioning, and further impact mental health in relatives. Most studies have dealt with the mere survival rate after cardiac arrest and not with long-term consequences to mental health in cardiac arrest survivors. Importantly, we face a gap in our knowledge about suitable screening tools in the early post-arrest phase for long-term risk prediction of mental health problems. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a novel screening procedure to predict risk of disabling cognitive impairment and psychopathology 3 months after cardiac arrest. Furthermore, the study aims to evaluate long-term prevalence of psychopathology in relatives.Methods and analysesIn this multicentre prospective cohort study, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors and their relatives will be recruited. The post-arrest screening includes the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Acute Stress Disorder Interview (ASDI) and is conducted during hospitalisation. In a subsample of the patients, functional MRI is done, and cortisol determination collected. At 3-month follow-up, the primary study outcomes for 200 survivors include the Danish Affective Verbal Learning Test-26 (VAMT-26), Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System tests (trail making, colour-word interference, word and design fluency), Rey’s Complex Figure and Letter-number sequencing subtest of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV, HADS and IES-R. For the relatives, they include HADS and IES-R.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the local regional Research Ethics Committee (H-18046155) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (RH-2017-325, j.no.05961) and follows the latest version of the Declaration of Helsinki. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and may impact the follow-up of cardiac arrest survivors.

Download Full-text

Lack of cognitive recovery following withdrawal from long-term benzodiazepine use

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700026969 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 203-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

P. R. Tata ◽

J. Rollings ◽

M. Collins ◽

A. Pickering ◽

R. R. Jacobson

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Deficits ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Immediate Recovery ◽

Benzodiazepine Use ◽

Significant Impairment ◽

Equivalent Control ◽

Normal Controls

SynopsisTwenty-one patients with significant long-term therapeutic benzodiazepine (BZ) use, who remained abstinent at 6 months follow-up after successfully completing a standardized inpatient BZ withdrawal regime, and 21 normal controls matched for age and IQ but not for anxiety, were repeatedly tested on a simple battery of routine psychometric tests of cognitive function, pre- and post-withdrawal and at 6 months follow-up. The results demonstrated significant impairment in patients in verbal learning and memory, psychomotor, visuo-motor and visuo-conceptual abilities, compared with controls, at all three time points. Despite practice effects, no evidence of immediate recovery of cognitive function following BZ withdrawal was found. Modest recovery of certain deficits emerged at 6 months follow-up in the BZ group, but this remained significantly below the equivalent control performance. The implications of persisting cognitive deficits after withdrawal from long-term BZ use are discussed.

Download Full-text