scholarly journals Breastfeeding, rapid growth in the first year of life and excess weight at age 2 years: the 3D Cohort Study

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Lise Dubois ◽  
Cindy Feng ◽  
Brigitte Bédard ◽  
Yamei Yu ◽  
Zhong-Cheng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
First Year ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Objective: To assess relationships between breastfeeding, rapid growth in the first year of life, and overweight/obesity status at age 2. Design: As part of an observational, longitudinal study beginning in early pregnancy, multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess associations between breastfeeding duration (total and exclusive) and rapid weight gain (RWG) between birth and age 1, and to determine predictors of overweight/obesity status at age 2. Setting: 9 hospitals located in the province of Quebec, Canada. Participants: 1599 term infants participating in the 3D Cohort Study Results: Children having RWG in the first year and those having excess weight at age 2 accounted for 28% and <10%, respectively. In multivariable models, children breastfed <6 months and from 6 months to <1 year were, respectively, 2.5 times (OR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.76-3.41) and 1.8 times (OR: 1.78; 1.29-2.45) more likely to show RWG up to age 1 compared to children breastfed ≥ 1 year. Children exclusively breastfed < 3 months had significantly greater odds of RWG in the first year (OR: 1.94; 1.25-3.04) compared to children exclusively breastfed for ≥6 months. Associations between breastfeeding duration (total or exclusive) and excess weight at age 2 were not detected. RWG in the first year was found to be the main predictor of excess weight at age 2 (OR: 6.98; 4.35-11.47). Conclusions: The potential beneficial effects of breastfeeding on rate of growth in the first year of life suggest that interventions promoting breastfeeding are relevant for obesity prevention early in life.

scholarly journals Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Prebiotic Enriched Infant Formula—A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1276
Author(s):  
Franka Neumer ◽  
Orenci Urraca ◽  
Joaquin Alonso ◽  
Jesús Palencia ◽  
Vicente Varea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
First Year ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Prebiotic Oligosaccharides ◽  
First Year Of Life

The present study aims to evaluate the effects of an infant formula supplemented with a mixture of prebiotic short and long chain inulin-type oligosaccharides on health outcomes, safety and tolerance, as well as on fecal microbiota composition during the first year of life. In a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study, n = 160 healthy term infants under 4 months of age were randomized to receive either an infant formula enriched with 0.8 g/dL of Orafti®Synergy1 or an unsupplemented control formula until the age of 12 months. Growth, fever (>38 °C) and infections were regularly followed up by a pediatrician. Digestive symptoms, stool consistency as well as crying and sleeping patterns were recorded during one week each study month. Fecal microbiota and immunological biomarkers were determined from a subgroup of infants after 2, 6 and 12 months of life. The intention to treat (ITT) population consisted of n = 149 infants. Both formulae were well tolerated. Mean duration of infections was significantly lower in the prebiotic fed infants (p < 0.05). The prebiotic group showed higher Bifidobacterium counts at month 6 (p = 0.006), and higher proportions of Bifidobacterium in relation to total bacteria at month 2 and 6 (p = 0.042 and p = 0.013, respectively). Stools of infants receiving the prebiotic formula were softer (p < 0.05). Orafti®Synergy1 tended to beneficially impact total daily amount of crying (p = 0.0594). Supplementation with inulin-type prebiotic oligosaccharides during the first year of life beneficially modulates the infant gut microbiota towards higher Bifidobacterium levels at the first 6 months of life, and is associated with reduced duration of infections.

scholarly journals Levels of Predominant Intestinal Microorganisms in 1 Month-Old Full-Term Babies and Weight Gain During the First Year of Life

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2412
Author(s):  
Sonia González ◽  
Marta Selma-Royo ◽  
Silvia Arboleya ◽  
Cecilia Martínez-Costa ◽  
Gonzalo Solís ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Full Term ◽  
First Year ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Infant Weight Gain ◽  
First Year Of Life

The early life gut microbiota has been reported to be involved in neonatal weight gain and later infant growth. Therefore, this early microbiota may constitute a target for the promotion of healthy neonatal growth and development with potential consequences for later life. Unfortunately, we are still far from understanding the association between neonatal microbiota and weight gain and growth. In this context, we evaluated the relationship between early microbiota and weight in a cohort of full-term infants. The absolute levels of specific fecal microorganisms were determined in 88 vaginally delivered and 36 C-section-delivered full-term newborns at 1 month of age and their growth up to 12 months of age. We observed statistically significant associations between the levels of some early life gut microbes and infant weight gain during the first year of life. Classifying the infants into tertiles according to their Staphylococcus levels at 1 month of age allowed us to observe a significantly lower weight at 12 months of life in the C-section-delivered infants from the highest tertile. Univariate and multivariate models pointed out associations between the levels of some fecal microorganisms at 1 month of age and weight gain at 6 and 12 months. Interestingly, these associations were different in vaginally and C-section-delivered babies. A significant direct association between Staphylococcus and weight gain at 1 month of life was observed in vaginally delivered babies, whereas in C-section-delivered infants, lower Bacteroides levels at 1 month were associated with higher later weight gain (at 6 and 12 months). Our results indicate an association between the gut microbiota and weight gain in early life and highlight potential microbial predictors for later weight gain.

Somatic dysfunctions in children of the first year of life: features of formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Kuzmina ◽  
E. S. Tregubova ◽  
E. S. Mokhova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
First Year ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
North West ◽  
Birth Canal ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Natural Birth ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Physiological Childbirth

Introduction. The health status of children of the first year of life is primarily affected by the course of pregnancy and childbirth, as well as hereditary factors. During the newborn period, reversible disorders may occur, which can be estimated as somatic dysfunction (SD). The formation of SD in young children has its own causes and features, which have not been studied in detail until now.The goal of research — is to study the features of the osteopathic status in children of the first year of life with different patterns of pregnancy and delivery methods for their mothers.Materials and methods. Since 2015, for 5 years, a prospective multicenter study has been conducted to investigate the osteopathic status of children of the first year of life under a single protocol in 6 cities of Russia, organized by the Institute of Osteopathy (St. Petersburg) and the Department of Osteopathy of Mechnikov North-West State Medical University. A total of 360 full-term infants aged 1 to 12 months with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system, and practically healthy ones were examined. All children underwent an osteopathic examination, and a detailed history of pregnancy and childbirth was collected. Based on the results of the obstetric history analysis the following groups were selected: physiological course of pregnancy, ending in physiological childbirth through the natural birth canal — 62 people; physiological course of pregnancy, ending with operative delivery — 25 people; physiological course of pregnancy, ending in complicated labor through the natural birth canal — 20 people; pregnancy with complications, ending in physiological childbirth through the natural birth canal — 104 people. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out by nonparametric methods using the Statistica 10.0 software.Results. In children born by physiological childbirth with complicated pregnancy, a smaller number of local SD (p=0,04) and a larger number of global SD were detected, but the difference with the subgroup of the pregnancy physiological course did not reach the statistical significance. In children whose mothers had a physiological course of pregnancy, but childbirth proceeded with complications and required the use of obstetric assistance, the significantly more number of regional SD were revealed (p<0,0001) compared with children born in physiological childbirth. The latter had a greater number of local SD of the craniosacral system (p=0,035). In children born by caesarean section and in children born through the natural birth canal without complications, the number of global, regional and local SD did not differ statistically significantly. Osteopathic examination of children in the first year of life showed that the first three places in the structure of dominant SD were occupied by SD of the neck, head, and dura mater.Conclusion. Based on the data obtained as a result of the study, it can be assumed the presence of numerous factors that can lead to the formation of various SD in children of the first year of life during pregnancy and especially during childbirth. It is necessary to further study the features of the osteopathic state in children in the postnatal period.

scholarly journals Anthropometry at birth and at age of routine vaccination to predict mortality in the first year of life: A birth cohort study in BukinaFaso

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0213523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Mwangome ◽  
Moses Ngari ◽  
Paluku Bwahere ◽  
Patrick Kabore ◽  
Marie McGrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Routine Vaccination ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Breastfeeding and Infant Eczema in the First Year of Life in the KOALA Birth Cohort Study: A Risk Period-Specific Analysis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. e137-e141 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. P. Snijders ◽  
C. Thijs ◽  
I. Kummeling ◽  
J. Penders ◽  
P. A. van den Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Risk Period ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Infant Eczema

scholarly journals Acid-suppressive medications in the first year of life and risk of childhood asthma: a population-based birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2000197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Barbiellini Amidei ◽  
Rosanna Comoretto ◽  
Loris Zanier ◽  
Daniele Donà ◽  
Anna Cantarutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE METABOLIC STATUS OF CHILDREN OF THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE WITH PROTEIN-ENERGY DEFICIENCY DEPENDING ON THE GESTATIONAL AGE AT BIRTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 405-410
Author(s):  
I. V. Gorbacheva ◽  
O. U. Kuznetsova ◽  
F. N. Gilmiyarova ◽  
D. V. Pechkurov ◽  
L. N. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
First Year ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
First Year Of Life

Comparative analysis of energy-plastic exchange indicators in mature and premature children of the first year of life in the development of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) was carried out. Unidirectional changes are revealed, including an increase in creatinine, lactate and creatine phosphokinase activity levels, suggesting a n increasing muscle mass deficit against the background of glucose anaerobic oxidation activation. In preterm infants, glucose and triacylglicerine levels decrease, which reflects uncompensated insufficiency of energy substrates and, accordingly, ATP level. Multidirectional deviations in metabolism are pyruvate and ATP content: increase in full-term infants and decrease in preterm infants, that should be taken into account when monitoring condition of children with PEM. A significant decrease of pyruvic acid in preterm infants against the background of the levels of total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, and transferrin, not exceeding reference values, can obviously testify to the active use of this integral metabolite to maintain the fund of substituted amino acids. Development of this pathology in both mature and premature infants creates a pre-morbid background for iron deficiency anemia-diagnostic panel, which should be supplemented by calculation of transferrin saturation coefficient. Regardless of gestational age in childbirth during the formation of PEM, the lipid spectrum is rearranged according to atherogenic type: at normal values of total cholesterol, there is a significant increase in low and very low density lipoproteins with an increase in the atherogenicity coefficient. This singles out children with the pathology in question as a risk group for the development of the atherosclerotic process later, which justifies the recommendation to control the lipid profile in children of the first year of life.

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