Resilience theory and social memory. Avoiding abstraction

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Pillatt
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Resilience Theory ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
The Many ◽  
Climate Events ◽  
People’S Perceptions ◽  
Is Value

The aim of my article is to stimulate debate about the roles weather and climate might play in archaeological interpretations. It is, therefore, encouraging that the respondents have sought to develop and build upon the theoretical themes highlighted. Respondents have tended to agree with me that weather is and was an integral part of people's lives, and also that this is a subject worthy of archaeological research. This was by no means a certainty when we are considering something so ephemeral as weather in a discipline often held in thrall by the imprecisions of chronologies, and which has a penchant for the broad scale and the long term. Of course, these concerns do partly remain, yet the importance of weather, both as the lived experience of climate and as a medium through which people live their daily lives, is not questioned. As Wilkinson points out, the record of Michael the Syrian illuminates the many and varied environmental trials faced by past people, but Davies's anecdote concerning her perception of the Highland landscape warns against assuming that all people recognized and responded to similar weather (or climate) events in similar ways. This suggests that there is value in exploring a weather-based perspective. The question is, how do we get at the human experience of climate in the deeper past, when chronological resolution is coarser and where the lack of written records restricts access to people's perceptions?

scholarly journals At the Intersection of the Social and Physical Environments: Building a Model of the Influence of Caregivers and Peers on Direct Engagement with Nature

Geographies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Sarah Little ◽  
Art Rice
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Environment Variables ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
Cognitive Play

The movement to reconnect children to nature touts the many benefits associated with exposure to nature and encourages designers and planners of the physical environment to incorporate more nature into the daily lives of children. However, connecting children with nature may not be as simple as designing more nature into the physical environment. Variables beyond convenient availability of natural environments affect children’s engagement with nature. Of particular interest is the influence of the social environment. The research seeks to build a model to understand the influence of caregivers and peers on a child’s direct engagement with nature. An initial model of social influences was constructed from existing literature and refined from findings from an original research study, a qualitative investigation exploring the highly imaginative and social experience of a group of boys who played in a neighborhood creek (n = 3, boys, n = 2, parents). The most meaningful social influence on the boys’ direct engagement with nature was the level of autonomy granted by caregivers; however, the physical environment supported the autonomy as well. The autonomy afforded an opportunity to navigate risks, forge long-term friendships, and support higher-order cognitive play behavior.

The Many Faces of Socioeconomic Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Toye
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scientific Expertise ◽  
The Many ◽  
Century Development

This book provides a survey of different ways in which economic sociocultural and political aspects of human progress have been studied since the time of Adam Smith. Inevitably, over such a long time span, it has been necessary to concentrate on highlighting the most significant contributions, rather than attempting an exhaustive treatment. The aim has been to bring into focus an outline of the main long-term changes in the way that socioeconomic development has been envisaged. The argument presented is that the idea of socioeconomic development emerged with the creation of grand evolutionary sequences of social progress that were the products of Enlightenment and mid-Victorian thinkers. By the middle of the twentieth century, when interest in the accelerating development gave the topic a new impetus, its scope narrowed to a set of economically based strategies. After 1960, however, faith in such strategies began to wane, in the face of indifferent results and general faltering of confidence in economists’ boasts of scientific expertise. In the twenty-first century, development research is being pursued using a research method that generates disconnected results. As a result, it seems unlikely that any grand narrative will be created in the future and that neo-liberalism will be the last of this particular kind of socioeconomic theory.

The Fate of Small Towns, Hilltop Settlements, and Elite Residences in Merovingian-Period Gaul

2020 ◽  
pp. 610-640
Author(s):  
Luc Bourgeois
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Power Networks ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The Many

The study of places of power in the Merovingian realm has long been focused on cities, monasteries, and royal palaces. Recent archaeological research has led to the emergence of other categories. Four of them are addressed in this chapter. These include the capitals of fallen cities, which continue to mark the landscape in one way or another. Similarly, the fate of small Roman towns during the early Middle Ages shows that most of them continued to host a variety of secular and ecclesiastical powers. In addition, from the fourth century onward, large hilltop fortified settlements multiplied anew. They complemented earlier networks of authority, whether elite residences, artisan communities, or real towns. Finally, from the seventh century onward, the great aristocratic villas of late antiquity were transformed into settlements organized around one or more courtyards and supplemented by funerary and religious structures. The evolution of political spaces and lifestyles explains both the ruptures in power networks that occurred during the Merovingian epoch and the many continuities that can be seen in the four kinds of places studied in this chapter that were marked by these developments.

What does the concept of affordances afford?

2021 ◽  
pp. 105971232098268
Author(s):  
Rob Withagen ◽  
Alan Costall
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Design Practices ◽  
The Many ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
Functional Concept

Gibson once suggested that his ecological approach could provide architecture and design with a new theoretical basis. Erik Rietveld takes up this suggestion—the concept of affordances figures prominently not only in his philosophical and scientific work but also in the design practices he is engaged in. However, as Gibson introduced affordances as a functional concept, it seems ill-suited to capture the many dimensions of our lived experience of the (manufactured) environment. Can the concept of affordances also take on the expressive and aesthetic qualities of artifacts and buildings?

scholarly journals LifePlanning: A Better Retirement Planning Option for Our Times

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
Rajiv Nagaich ◽  
Carol Redfield ◽  
Ben Harvill
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Care ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Retirement Planning ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Investment Returns ◽  
The Many ◽  
In The Beginning

Abstract Ten thousand turn 65 daily. Majority look forward to retiring in the beginning and then become afraid of outcomes they often hear about- dealing with institutional care, becoming a burden, or running out of money. This is not because retirees do not plan, but despite of having planned their entire life for retirement. Many employers provide financial retirement planning such as a 401K plan. Individuals have relied on employee benefit plans to ready themselves, yet few are “very confident” about it. Two-thirds of retirees say their most recent employers did “nothing” to help them transition into retirement; 16% are “not sure” what their employers did. Many may be overlooking important factors in their strategies. Among retirees who currently have a retirement strategy, 85% have factored Social Security and Medicare benefits into their strategy. Most have included on-going living expenses (79%), total savings and income needs (57%) into their plan. Fewer than half have considered other critical factors (e.g., investment returns, ongoing healthcare costs, inflation, long-term care needs, tax planning, etc.). Only 9% have contingency plans for retiring sooner than expected and/or savings shortfalls. The truth is that education offered by employers tends to be traditional planning advice, which may not be enough to address the concerns retirees will have in retirement. To this, we introduce a multi-disciplinary LifePlanning Framework which takes a wholistic, integrated approach in addressing the many complex issues of retirement found in health, housing, finance, legal, and family. Our results may impact future practice, research, and policy.

scholarly journals Radiation Necrosis of the Lateral Skull Base and Temporal Bone

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Marc W. Herr ◽  
Aurora G. Vincent ◽  
Meghan A. Skotnicki ◽  
Yadranko Ducic ◽  
Spiros Manolidis
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Radiation Necrosis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Lateral Skull Base ◽  
The Many ◽  
Work Up

AbstractRadiation therapy plays a critical role in the treatment of malignancies involving the head and neck. Although the therapeutic effects of ionizing radiation are achieved, normal tissues are also susceptible to injury and significant long-term sequelae. Osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone (ORNTB) is among the many complications that can arise after therapy. ORNTB is a debilitating and potentially lethal condition that continues to challenge patients and treating physicians. Herein, we review the pathophysiology, presentation, work-up, and management of ORNTB.

scholarly journals Learning about Stellar Dynamos from Long–term Photometry of Starspots

1991 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 353-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas S. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Differential Rotation ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Turnover Time ◽  
Rotating Stars ◽  
Photometric Variability ◽  
Solar Type ◽  
Magnetic Cycles ◽  
The Many ◽  
Rapidly Rotating Stars

AbstractSpottedness, as evidenced by photometric variability in 277 late-type binary and single stars, is found to occur when the Rossby number is less than about 2/3. This holds true when the convective turnover time versus B–V relation of Gilliland is used for dwarfs and also for subgiants and giants if their turnover times are twice and four times longer, respectively, than for dwarfs. Differential rotation is found correlated with rotation period (rapidly rotating stars approaching solid-body rotation) and also with lobe-filling factor (the differential rotation coefficient k is 2.5 times larger for F = 0 than F = 1). Also reviewed are latitude extent of spottedness, latitude drift during a solar-type cycle, sector structure and preferential longitudes, starspot lifetimes, and the many observational manifestations of magnetic cycles.

scholarly journals Reframing Aging in Contemporary Politics: Building Momentum

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 681-681
Author(s):  
Patricia D'Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Older People ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Perceptions Of Aging ◽  
The Many ◽  
Changing Attitudes

Abstract Changing American culture is challenging and changing attitudes and behaviors around the universal experience of aging especially so. Unless the field of advocates who care about aging issues cultivates a more visible, more informed conversation on older people, it will remain difficult to advance the systemic changes needed to adjust to a society with increased and increasing longevity. Advocates will need to be vigilant to avoid cueing negative attitudes towards aging and aging policies. The Reframing Aging Initiative is a long-term, social change endeavor designed to improve the public’s understanding of what aging means and the many contributions older people bring to society. Using evidence-based research, the initiative seeks to teach advocates how to tell an effective story about aging that will promote positive perceptions of aging and reduce ageism. The time to change the conversation is now.

scholarly journals Introduction to the special issue: Compound weather and climate events

2021 ◽  
pp. 100381
Author(s):  
Jakob Zscheischler ◽  
Jana Sillmann ◽  
Lisa Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Special Issue ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Climate Events
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