Uncoated Lvsem and Imaging Tof-Sims of Unfixed, Plunge Frozen, Freeze Dried, Fungal and Plant Material

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 850-851
Author(s):  
E. J. Basgall ◽  
N. Winograd
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Structural Preservation ◽  
Secondary Ion

A Cryosorption Freeze Drying (CFD) system was evaluated for its effectiveness in preparing delicate biological materials for both low voltage-field emission scanning electron microscopy (LVFESEM) and imaging liquid metal (Ga) ion beam, static time-of-flight, secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The primary goals of these studies were to investigate the retention of both structural and chemical integrity using fresh cryoprepared biological material which had not been exposed to any chemical fixation and which would not be coated by any conductive material in order to obtain information from the native surfaces. Duplicate chemically fixed samples were processed for comparison. LV-FESEM (2-2.5kV) was used to assess the quality of the structural preservation of the freezing and freeze drying (FD) protocols. Imaging static TOF-SIMS was used to investigate the surface chemical compositions of the biological samples.

scholarly journals Preparing Biological Samples for Analysis by High Vacuum Techniques

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
S.G. Ostrowski ◽  
T.L. Paxon ◽  
L. Denault ◽  
KP. McEvoy ◽  
V.S. Smentkowski
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Nonadherent Cells ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Sem Analyses

AbstractTime of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provide valuable complementary information about the molecular composition and morphology of biological samples, but both techniques are performed under high vacuum, which is not compatible with hydrated samples. Designing a suitable method to prepare biological (hydrated) samples for high vacuum conditions is important to obtain reliable and scientifically meaningful results from ToF-SIMS and SEM and to enable the routine use of these techniques for characterization. This article will compare freeze-drying and critical point drying for preparing adherent and nonadherent cells for ToF-SIMS and SEM analyses.

Determination of inorganic element distribution in the freeze-fixed stem of Al2(SO4)3-treated Hydrangea macrophylla by TOF-SIMS and ICP-AES

Holzforschung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiming Zheng ◽  
Takaaki Ito ◽  
Dan Aoki ◽  
Saori Sato ◽  
Masato Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Hydrangea Macrophylla ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Al Treatment

Abstract To elucidate the effect of soil conditions on the in planta distribution of inorganic elements, an aluminium (Al)-tolerant plant, Hydrangea macrophylla, was cultivated with the addition of Al ion to soils. Freeze-dried stems from the plants were analysed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (dry-TOF-SIMS). Freeze-fixed stems of the plants were analysed by cryo-TOF-SIMS. The inorganic metal content was quantified by inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrometry (ICP-AES). The dry- and cryo-TOF-SIMS mapping analyses showed that in the native sample, inorganic elements are mainly localised in the cortex and pith. Al-treatment [i.e. Al2(SO4)3 administration to the soil] altered the distribution and content of inorganic metals. The actual amount of inorganic elements quantified by ICP-AES showed that Al-treatment on the soil increased the amounts of Na, Mg, Al and Ca and decreased that of K in the stem. The secondary ion counts of inorganic elements in freeze-dried and -fixed samples, determined by dry-/cryo-TOF-SIMS measurements, showed similar variations as that observed with ICP-AES measurements. These results are interpreted as that Al-treatment altered the distribution and amount of inorganic elements in the stems of Al-tolerant H. macrophylla plants.

scholarly journals HPLC and ToF‒SIMS Analyses of Toxicodendron vernicifluum Tree Sap Mixed with Other Natural Lacquers

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Hye Hyun Yu ◽  
Seung Wook Ham ◽  
Yeonhee Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Cashew Nutshell Liquid ◽  
Tree Sap ◽  
Luxury Item ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Toxicodendron Vernicifluum

Lacquer sap has been used by humans from antiquitywhen it was treated as a luxury item because of its desirable physical properties. In modern times, although access barriers are lower, lacquer is still considered to be rare and valuable. Thus, low quality, inexpensive Vietnamese and Myanmarese lacquers and cashew nutshell liquid are frequently added to the costly Toxicodendron vernicifluum lacquer sap from Korea, China, and Japan. However, these blended lacquers can diminish the quality of artisan works. The Toxicodendron vernicifluum lacquer saps mixed with other natural lacquers were characterized using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF−SIMS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). ToF-SIMS provided the chemical structure of the lacquer monomer, copolymerized dimers, trimers, etc. HPLC provided quantitative analysis of the components of a randomly mixed lacquer. These techniques can be used to control the quality of commercial lacquer sap for the Asian lacquer industry and the traditional conservation of ancient objects.

scholarly journals Tribological Properties of Wax on Different Trees Leaf Surface Containing Different Chemical Components

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqiu Xia ◽  
Xin Feng ◽  
Wenyi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chemical Action ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Surface Waxes ◽  
Secondary Ion

Abstract Three kinds of leaf-surface waxes were extracted from different trees, and their chemical compositions were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). A MFT-R4000 tester was employed to investigate the tribological performances of samples, and the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) were used to characterize the morphologies and chemical compositions on the worn surfaces, respectively. The result showed that waxes can effectively improve the friction reduction and anti-wear abilities of base oil, and different composition of waxes have different improve degree. This can be attributed to the chemical compositions and degree of chemical action.

scholarly journals (CO2)n+, (H2O)n+, and (H2O)n+ (CO2) gas cluster ion beam secondary ion mass spectrometry: analysis of lipid extracts, cells, and Alzheimer’s model mouse brain tissue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Dimovska Nilsson ◽  
Anthi Karagianni ◽  
Ibrahim Kaya ◽  
Marcus Henricsson ◽  
John S. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Clusters ◽  
Secondary Ion

AbstractThis work assesses the potential of new water cluster-based ion beams for improving the capabilities of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for in situ lipidomics. The effect of water clusters was compared to carbon dioxide clusters, along with the effect of using pure water clusters compared to mixed water and carbon dioxide clusters. A signal increase was found when using pure water clusters. However, when analyzing cells, a more substantial signal increase was found in positive ion mode when the water clusters also contained carbon dioxide, suggesting that additional reactions are in play. The effects of using a water primary ion beam on a more complex sample were investigated by analyzing brain tissue from an Alzheimer’s disease transgenic mouse model. The results indicate that the ToF-SIMS results are approaching those from MALDI as ToF-SIMS was able to image lyso-phosphocholine (LPC) lipids, a lipid class that for a long time has eluded detection during SIMS analyses. Gangliosides, sulfatides, and cholesterol were also imaged. Graphical abstract

Fabrication and Evaluation of Ternary Co-Fe-Si Structures Produced by Ion Beam Synthesis

1992 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim D. Hunt ◽  
Brian J. Sealy ◽  
Jochen Hanebeck ◽  
Karen J. Reeson ◽  
Kevin P. Homewood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Single Species ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Secondary Ion

ABSTRACTDual implantation of cobalt and iron into silicon (100) wafers and subsequent annealing has been used to form layers containing mixtures of CoSi2 and FeSi2. The structure and properties of the layers were followed by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM), Transmission Electron Diffraction (TED), Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS), and photoluminescence (PL). When a high dose of both species was implanted, segregation of the cobalt and iron occurred which for 1000°C anneals, resulted in an epitaxial layer of αFeSi2 upon a CoSi2 layer. The epitaxial quality of both of these layers was superior to those previously fabricated by single species implants. For a low dose cobalt implant followed by a high dose iron implant, a single phase solid solution was formed and segregation did not occur. Photoluminescence at 1.54 urn was observed from this layer, but with a much lower intensity and a broader line width than that from a pure βFeSi2 layer.

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